Rotational Raman scattering in the Earth's atmosphere ... - SRON

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118 Chapter 5 in the NUV considerably, and thus, eases the setup of an efficient retrieval approach. Finally, for GOME(-2), SCIAMACHY and similar instruments in the future we propose to retrieve cloud parameters from the NUV and NIR window combined. For OMI-type instruments that lack the NIR spectral window we propose to use the NUV window including the Ring structures, which has the potential to retrieve all cloud parameters, i.e. cloud pressure, cloud fraction and cloud optical thickness for cloud fractions larger than 0.4. However, due to the sensitivity of the retrieval to an additional noise floor on the measurement, but also due to the importance to use the spectral continuum in the NUV window, an accurate calibration of the measurement is crucial for this type of cloud parameter retrieval.
References Aben, I., F. Helderman, D. Stam, and P. Stammes, Spectral fine-structure in the polarisation of skylight, Geophys. Res. Let., 26, 591–595, 1999. Aben, I., D. M. Stam, and F. Helderman, The Ring effect in skylight polarisation, Geophys. Res. Let., 28, 519–522, 2001. Acarreta, J. R., J. F. de Haan, and P. Stammes, Cloud pressure retrieval using the O 2 –O 2 absorption band at 477 nm, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D05,204, doi:10.1029/2003JD003,915, 2004. Ahmad, Z., P. K. Bhartia, and N. Krotkov, Spectral properties of backscattered UV radiation in cloudy atmospheres, J. Geophys. Res., 109, doi:10.1029/2003JD003,395, 2004. Atkins, P., and J. de Paula, Physical chemistry. Seventh Edition, Oxford University Press, New york, 2002. Bates, D. R., Rayleigh scattering by air, Planet. Space. Sci., 32, 785–790, 1984. Bednarz, F. (Ed.), Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment users manual, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Noordwijk, 1995. Beirle, S., U. Platt, M. Wenig, and T. Wagner, Weekly cycle of NO 2 by GOME measurements: a signature of anthropogenic sources, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 2225–2232, 2003. Bell, G. I., and S. Glasstone, Nuclear Reactor Theory, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1970. Benedetti, A., P. Gabriel, and G. Stephens, Properties of reflected sunlight derived from a Green’s function method, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 72, 201–225, 2002. Bhagavantam, S., Raman effect in gases. II., Indian Journal of Physics, 6, 331–349, 1931. Boersma, K., H. Eskes, E. Meijer, and H. Kelder, Estimates of lightning NO x production from GOME satellite observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 2311–2331, 2005. Bohren, C. F., and D. R. Huffman, Absorption and scattering of light by small particles, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1983. Bovensmann, H., J. Burrows, M. Buchwitz, J. Frerick, S. Noël, V. Rozanov, K. Chance, and A. Goede, SCIAMACHY: Mission objectives and measurement modes, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 127–150, 1999. Box, M. A., and C. Sendra, Sensitivity of exiting radiances to details of the scattering phase function, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 54, 695–703, 1995. Box, M. A., S. A. W. Gerstl, and C. Simmer, Application of the adjoint formulation to the calculation of atmospheric radiative effects, Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 61, 303–311, 1988.
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VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT Rotational Raman
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Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Obser
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1 Introduction 1.1 Observing skylig
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Introduction 3 Extracting the wealt
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Introduction 5 and Spurr, 1997, Vou
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Introduction 7 energy: E rot (v,J)
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Introduction 9 Figure 1.4: Probabil
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Introduction 11 scattered radiance
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Introduction 13 approximation in wh
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Introduction 15 scattering have bee
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2 A doubling-adding method to inclu
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A doubling-adding method to include
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40 Chapter 3 nm with a spectral res
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42 Chapter 3 contributions of lower
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44 Chapter 3 if we use the effectiv
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46 Chapter 3 This in turn results i
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48 Chapter 3 This may be shown in a
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50 Chapter 3 The forward and adjoin
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52 Chapter 3 Here, ∆ = diag [1, 1
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54 Chapter 3 Figure 3.3: Relative R
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56 Chapter 3 biases the simulation
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58 Chapter 3 3.4.2 Approximation me
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60 Chapter 3 where I ram,app and I
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62 Chapter 3 3.5 Simulation of pola
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64 Chapter 3 Figure 3.10: Relative
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66 Chapter 3 dependence on the vert
Page 74 and 75: 68 Chapter 3 Figure 3.13: Same as F
Page 76 and 77: 70 Chapter 3 3.6 Summary A vector r
Page 78 and 79: 72 Chapter 3 where λ is the wavele
Page 80 and 81: 74 Chapter 3 where S l is the expan
Page 82 and 83: 76 Chapter 3 3.C Appendix: Evaluati
Page 85 and 86: 4 Accurate modeling of spectral fin
Page 87 and 88: Accurate modeling of spectral fine-
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Page 105 and 106: Retrieval of cloud properties from
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Page 127 and 128: References 121 Ellery, A., D. Wynn-
Page 129 and 130: References 123 Lacis, A. A., J. Cho
Page 131 and 132: References 125 Schulz, F., K. Stamn
Page 133 and 134: Summary A spectrum of sunlight that
Page 135 and 136: Summary 129 Earth radiance spectrum
Page 137 and 138: Samenvatting Het door de aardatmosf
Page 139 and 140: Samenvatting 133 met een vector-mod
Page 141: List of publications Peer-reviewed
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