Autism Studies and Related Medical Conditions, January 2009 - TACA

Oxidative stress or other conditions that deplete GSH in the epithelium of the oral,
nasal, and upper airway may, therefore, enhance susceptibility to influenza infection.
Tylenol depletes GSH
126. Slattery JT et al. Dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen: evidence of
glutathione depletion in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1987 41(4):413-8 PMID
3829578
127. Lauterburg BH, Mitchell JR. Therapeutic doses of acetaminophen stimulate the
turnover of cysteine and glutathione in man. J Hepatol. 1987 Apr;4(2):206-11. PMID
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"The data indicate that therapeutic doses of acetaminophen markedly stimulate the rate
of turnover of the pool of cysteine available for the synthesis of GSH, most likely due to
an increased rate of synthesis of GSH which is required to detoxify the toxic metabolite
of acetaminophen. Patients who are not able to respond to a similar demand on their
stores of GSH by increasing the synthesis of GSH may be at higher risk of developing
hepatic injury from drugs that require GSH for their detoxification."
128. Spielberg SP. Acetaminophen toxicity in lymphocytes heterozygous for glutathione
synthetase deficiency. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1985 63(5):468-71 PMID 4041989
Heterozygous cells failed to use N-acetylcysteine as efficiently to resynthesize
glutathione, and the cells were not protected from acetaminophen toxicity.
Heterozygotes may be at increased risk of toxicity from drugs whose metabolites are
detoxified by glutathione conjugation."
129. Depletion of hepatic glutathione in rats impairs phagocytosis in vivo. Arch Toxicol
Suppl 1989;13:326-9 PMID 2774956
GSH & thimerosal
130. Homozygous gene deletions of the glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 are
associated with thimerosal sensitization. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2000 73(6):384-
8 PMID 11007341
131. Muller M et al. Inhibition of the human erythrocytic glutathione-S-transferase T1
(GST T1) by thimerosal. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2001 203(5-6):479-81. PMID
11556154
132. Corrales F et al. Inhibition of glutathione synthesis in the liver leads to S-adenosyl-
L-methionine synthetase reduction. Hepatology 1991 14(3):528-33. PMID 1874498
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