Volume 6 – Geotechnical Manual, Site Investigation and Engineering ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL 7.4.2.3 Effects of Wall Friction The magnitude and direction of the developed wall friction depends on the relative movement between the wall and the soil. In the active case, the maximum value of wall friction develops only when the soil wedge moves significantly downwards relative to the rear face of the wall. In some cases, wall friction cannot develop. These include cases where the wall moves down with the soil, such as a gravity wall on a yielding foundation or a sheet pile wall with inclined anchors, and cases where the failure surface forms away from the wall, such as in cantilever and counterfort walls. The maximum values of wall friction may be takes as follows : Timber, steel, precast concrete wall Cast in-situ concrete wall δ max. = Ø’/2 δ max. = 2 Ø’/3 Considerable structural movements may be necessary, however, to mobilize maximum wall friction, for which the soil in the passive zone needs to move upwards relative to the structure. Generally, maximum wall friction is only mobilized where the wall tends to move downwards, for example, if a wall is founded on compressible soil, or for sheet piled walls with inclined tensioned members. Some guidance on the proportion of maximum wall friction which may develop in various cases is given below (Teng) δ = 20 0 concrete or brick walls = 15 0 uncoated sheetpile = 0 0 if wall tends to move downward together with the soil = 0 0 sheetpiling with small penertration or penetrated into soft or loose soil = 0 0 if backfill is subjected to vibratiion In general, the effects of wall friction on Rankine and Coulomb methods of earth pressure computation are as follows: a) The Rankine method cannot take account of wall friction. Accordingly, K a is overestimated slightly and K p is under-estimated, thereby making the Rankine method conservative for most applications. b) The Coulomb theory can take account of wall friction, but the results are unreliable for passive earth pressures for wall friction angle values greater than φ′/3 because the failure surface is assumed to be a plane. The failure wedges assumed in the Coulomb analysis take the form of straight lines as shown in Figure 7.8. However, this contrasted with the curved shapes of failure surface observed in many model tests. This assumption resulted in K a being underestimated slightly and K p being overestimated very significantly for large values of φ′. In general, the effect of wall friction is to reduce active pressure. It is small and often disregarded. However, wall friction increases the value of K p significantly and thus could yield lateral earth pressure that could be very large and could be unsafe as passive earth pressure forces are generally resisting forces in stability analysis March 2009 7-9
Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Figure 7.8 Comparison of Plane and Log-Spiral Failure Surfaces (a) Active Case (b) Passive Case Hence, it is recommended that the log-spirall failure surface (shown resemblee more closely the actual failure plane be used to calculate coefficients. in Figure 7.8) which could the passive earth pressure Charts for two common wall configurations, sloping wall with level backfill and vertical wall with sloping backfill based on the log-spiral theory are presented in Figures 7.9 and 7.10 (Caquot and Kerisel, 1948; NAVFAC, 1986b). For walls that have a sloping backface and sloping backfill, the passive earth pressuree coefficient can be calculated as indicated in Figure 7.9 and 7.10 by using δ = ′/3. For granular soils, the coefficients of earth pressure can be deived from Figure 7.11 7-10 March 2009
Page 1 and 2:
GOVERNMENT OF MALAYSIA DEPARTMENT O
Page 3 and 4:
DID MANUAL Volume 6 Foreword The fi
Page 5 and 6:
DID MANUAL Volume 6 List of Volumes
Page 7 and 8:
DID MANUAL Volume 6 Registration of
Page 9 and 10:
DID MANUAL Volume 6 List of Symbols
Page 11 and 12:
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Page 13 and 14:
Chapter 1 GENERAL (This page is int
Page 15 and 16:
Chapter 1 GENERAL (This page is int
Page 17 and 18:
Chapter 2 GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN PROCE
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
CHAPTER 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
Page 29 and 30:
Chapter 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Li
Page 31 and 32:
Chapter 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Ta
Page 33 and 34:
Chapter 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES 3.
Page 35 and 36:
Chapter 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Th
Page 37 and 38:
Chapter 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES M-
Page 39 and 40:
Chapter 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Ta
Page 41 and 42:
Chapter 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES [2
Page 43 and 44:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT Table of
Page 45 and 46:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT 4 SOIL SE
Page 47 and 48:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT Poulos &
Page 49 and 50:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT 4.3.1 Nor
Page 51 and 52:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT Figure 4.
Page 53 and 54:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT Example 4
Page 55 and 56:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT Where δ
Page 57 and 58:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT Raft foun
Page 59 and 60:
Chapter 4 SOIL SETTLEMENT [19] Dona
Page 61 and 62: CHAPTER 5 BEARING CAPACITY THEORY
Page 63 and 64: Chapter 5 BEARING CAPACITY THEORY L
Page 65 and 66: Chapter 5 BEARING CAPACITY THEORY 5
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 5 BEARING CAPACITY THEORY T
Page 69 and 70: Chapter 5 BEARING CAPACITY THEORY D
Page 71 and 72: Chapter 5 BEARING CAPACITY THEORY R
Page 73 and 74: Chapter 5 BEARING CAPACITY THEORY (
Page 75 and 76: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY Table of
Page 77 and 78: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY List of T
Page 79 and 80: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY 6 SLOPE S
Page 81 and 82: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY 6.3 GENER
Page 83 and 84: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY Table 6.1
Page 85 and 86: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY 6.5.4 Req
Page 87 and 88: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY Instabili
Page 89 and 90: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY Table 6.4
Page 91 and 92: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY The facto
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY Steel pla
Page 95 and 96: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY [19] Lamb
Page 97 and 98: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY APPENDIX
Page 99 and 100: Chapter 6 SLOPE STABILITY A.2 PROBL
Page 101 and 102: CHAPTER 7 RETAINING WALL
Page 103 and 104: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL List of Ta
Page 105 and 106: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Some of th
Page 107 and 108: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL K Kp K p (
Page 109 and 110: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Figure 7.
Page 111: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL 7.4.2.2 Co
Page 115 and 116: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Figure 7.1
Page 117 and 118: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL 7.4.3 Late
Page 119 and 120: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Figure 7.1
Page 121 and 122: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Definition
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL 7.5.3 Bear
Page 125 and 126: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Surface Wa
Page 127 and 128: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL The applic
Page 129 and 130: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL 7.6.2 Type
Page 131 and 132: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL In general
Page 133 and 134: 7.6.3.3 Design of Anchor - General
Page 135 and 136: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL d) Design
Page 137 and 138: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Note: As g
Page 139 and 140: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL Take momen
Page 141 and 142: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL REFERENCES
Page 143 and 144: Chapter 7 RETAINING WALL (This page
Page 145 and 146: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT Table
Page 147 and 148: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT 8 GROU
Page 149 and 150: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT Remova
Page 151 and 152: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT 8.2.3.
Page 153 and 154: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT The vi
Page 155 and 156: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT binder
Page 157 and 158: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT c) Soi
Page 159 and 160: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT [20] O
Page 161 and 162: Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT APPEND
Page 163 and 164:
Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT t = (D
Page 165 and 166:
Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT % of C
Page 167 and 168:
CHAPTER 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
Page 169 and 170:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING 9.
Page 171 and 172:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING (T
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING Ta
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING Ta
Page 181 and 182:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING Wh
Page 183 and 184:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING to
Page 185 and 186:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING Th
Page 187 and 188:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING Fi
Page 189 and 190:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING A
Page 191 and 192:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING In
Page 193 and 194:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING b)
Page 195 and 196:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING δ
Page 197 and 198:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING It
Page 199 and 200:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING po
Page 201 and 202:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING No
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING Po
Page 209 and 210:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING De
Page 211 and 212:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING wh
Page 213 and 214:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING P
Page 215 and 216:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING E
Page 217 and 218:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING (e
Page 219 and 220:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING RE
Page 221 and 222:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING [3
Page 223 and 224:
Chapter 9 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING [6
Page 225 and 226:
Chapter 10 SEEPAGE Table of Content
Page 227 and 228:
Chapter 10 SEEPAGE 10 SEEPAGE 10.1
Page 229 and 230:
Chapter 10 SEEPAGE 10.3 FLOWNETS Th
Page 231 and 232:
Chapter 10 SEEPAGE Factor of safet
Page 233 and 234:
Chapter 10 SEEPAGE REFERENCES [1] B
Page 235 and 236:
DID MANUAL Volume 6 Acknowledgement
Page 237 and 238:
DID MANUAL Volume 6 Table of Conten
Page 239 and 240:
PART 2: SOIL INVESTIGATION
Page 241 and 242:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE Table
Page 243 and 244:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE 1 PLAN
Page 245 and 246:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE ii. ii
Page 247 and 248:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE monkey
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE 1.6.2
Page 253 and 254:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE 2L H D
Page 255 and 256:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE throug
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE The ke
Page 261 and 262:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE Figure
Page 263 and 264:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE Figure
Page 265 and 266:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE KKK BB
Page 267 and 268:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE Limita
Page 269 and 270:
Chapter 1 PLANNING AND SCOPE REFERE
Page 271 and 272:
CHAPTER 2 SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DIS
Page 273 and 274:
Chapter 2 SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DIS
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Chapter 3 IN-SITU GEOTECHNICAL TEST
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
CHAPTER 4 LAB TESTING FOR SOILS
Page 319 and 320:
Chapter 4 LABORATORY TESTING FOR SO
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Chapter 5 INTERPRETATION OF SOIL PR
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
DID MANUAL Volume 6 Acknowledgement
Page 371 and 372:
DID MANUAL Volume 6 Table of Conten
Page 373 and 374:
PART 3: ENGINEERING SURVEY
Page 375 and 376:
Chapter 1 GEOMATICS AND LAND SURVEY
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
Page 383 and 384:
CHAPTER 2 MAP PROJECTION
Page 385 and 386:
Chapter 2 MAP PROJECTION List of Fi
Page 387 and 388:
Chapter 2 MAP PROJECTION 2.2 MAP PR
Page 389 and 390:
Chapter 2 MAP PROJECTION Latitude
Page 391 and 392:
CHAPTER 3 TYPES OF SURVEY
Page 393 and 394:
Chapter 3 TYPES OF SURVEY (This pag
Page 395 and 396:
Chapter 3 TYPES OF SURVEY 3.2.5 Bas
Page 397 and 398:
Chapter 3 TYPES OF SURVEY Appendix
Page 400 and 401:
Chapter 3 TYPES OF SURVEY APPENDIX
Page 402 and 403:
Chapter 3 TYPES OF SURVEY (This pag
Page 404 and 405:
Chapter 4 REFERENCES ON GEOMATICS A
Page 406 and 407:
Page 408 and 409:
Page 410 and 411:
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
Page 416 and 417:
Page 418 and 419:
Page 420 and 421:
Page 422 and 423:
Page 424 and 425:
Page 426 and 427:
Page 428 and 429:
Page 430 and 431:
Page 432 and 433:
Page 434 and 435:
Page 436 and 437:
Page 438 and 439:
Page 440 and 441:
Page 442 and 443:
Page 444 and 445:
Page 446 and 447:
Page 448 and 449:
Page 450 and 451:
Page 452 and 453:
Page 454 and 455:
Page 456 and 457:
Page 458 and 459:
Page 460 and 461:
Page 462 and 463:
Page 464 and 465:
Page 466 and 467:
Page 468 and 469:
Page 470 and 471:
Page 472 and 473:
Page 474 and 475:
Page 476 and 477:
Page 478 and 479:
Page 480 and 481:
Page 482 and 483:
Page 484 and 485:
Page 486 and 487:
Page 488 and 489:
Page 490 and 491:
Page 492 and 493:
Page 494 and 495:
Page 496 and 497:
CHAPTER 5 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SY
Page 499 and 500:
Chapter 5 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SY
Page 501 and 502:
Chapter 5 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SY
Page 503 and 504:
CHAPTER 6 CHECKLIST FOR TERRAIN FEA
Page 506 and 507:
Chapter 6 CHECKLIST FOR TERRAIN FEA
Page 508 and 509:
Page 510 and 511:
show all

Volume 6 – Geotechnical Manual, Site Investigation and Engineering ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?