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Volume 6 – Geotechnical Manual, Site Investigation and Engineering ...

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Chapter 3 IN-SITU GEOTECHNICAL TESTING<br />

Point resistance, (MPa)<br />

Cone resistance (kg/cm 2 )<br />

Local friction (kg/cm 2 )<br />

Friction ratio, P H (%)<br />

Figure 3.10 (a) relationship between soil type, cone resistance <strong>and</strong> local friction (Begemann 1956) );<br />

(b) Soil identification chart for a mechanical friction cone (Searle 1979)<br />

The classification of soils is normally carried out on the basis of the value of cone resistance in<br />

combination with the friction ratio. Generally, the diagnostic features of the common soil types are as<br />

given in Table 3.3.<br />

March 2009<br />

3-13

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