Volume 6 – Geotechnical Manual, Site Investigation and Engineering ...

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Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT List of Tables Table Description Page 8.1 Typical Properties and Test Standards Specified For Vertical Drain 8-6 List of Figures Figure Description Page 8.1 Distribution of Alluvium Deposits In Peninsular Malaysia 8-1 8.2 Typical Drainage Directions in Soft Soil During Consolidation Process 8-4 8.3 Typical Drainage Direction with Vertical Drainage System in Soft Soil during Consolidation Process 8-4 8.4 Typical Schematic Diagram For Vertical Sand Drain System In Embankment Construction on Soft Ground 8-5 8.5 Prefabricated Vertical Drain 8-5 8.6 Relationships between Particle Size and Available Vibro Techniques 8-6 8.7 The Schematic Process of Vibro Compaction 8-7 8.8 Schematic Showing the Installation of Stone Columns (Dry Method) 8-8 8.9 Mixer Paddle Used In Deep Soil Mixing 8-9 8.10 Dynamic Compaction 8-10 8.11 Relationships between U and Tv 8A-2 8.12 Relationship Of Uh and Tv For Horizontal/Radial Drainage 8A-2 8.13 Relationship of F(n) and D/dw 8A-4 8.14 Design Chart for Horizontal Consolidation 8A-5 8-ii March 2009
Chapter 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT 8 GROUND IMPROVEMENT 8.1 INTRODUCTION As land becomes scarcer, it is often becomes necessary to erect structures or buildings on sites underlain by poor soils. These sites are potentially troublesome. The most common of these problematic soils are the soft saturated clays and silts often found near the mouths of rivers, along the perimeter of bays, coast lines and beneath wetlands. These soils are very weak and compressible and thus are subjected to bearing capacity and settlement problems. They frequently include organic material which further aggravates these problems. Areas underlain by these soft soils frequently are subject to flooding, so it often becomes necessary to raise the ground surface by placing fill. Unfortunately, the weight of these fills frequently causes large settlements. In Malaysia, deposits of alluvium could be found along the coastal line as should in Figure 8.1 which illustrated the distribution of alluvial deposits in Peninsular Malaysia. In fact, soft to very soft marine clay and silt from a few meters to 25 meter depth can be found in many areas along the coast line stretching from Perlis in the north to Johor in the south, and also along the coast lines in Sarawak and Sabah. Figure 8.1 Distribution of Alluvium Deposits In Peninsular Malaysia March 2009 8-1
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GOVERNMENT OF MALAYSIA DEPARTMENT O
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DID MANUAL Volume 6 Foreword The fi
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DID MANUAL Volume 6 List of Volumes
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CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
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PART 2: SOIL INVESTIGATION
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PART 3: ENGINEERING SURVEY
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CHAPTER 6 CHECKLIST FOR TERRAIN FEA
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