A grammar of the Homeric dialect - Wilbourhall.org

1 15.]
ACCENT. 107
Neuters in -ap, -wp, Gen. -dr-os, as Tretpap, -arc? (for Trep-fap,
-Fv-T-o$) :
also in Neuters in -pd, Gen. -jadr-os (for -fxy-T-os).
(d) It is probable that the Neuters in -wp viz. #co/>, e'Acop,
n-e'Awp, eeAScop, reK/jia>p, vvKTup (Ace. used adverbially) were
originally Collective or Abstract nouns (Joh. Schmidt, Pluralb.
p. 193).
On this view waters tfScop (Germ, gewdsser) is properly
a different word from the stem *vba or *vbap which we infer
from the oblique Cases :
is
re'/c/xcop originally a Collective or
Abstract from re/cjuap
: and similarly e'Acop, eeAScop, Tre'Aoop, vvnTap
(cp. vvKTp-is), which only occur in the Nom. Ace., are nouns
formed like xei/zcoz; (xei//a),
atScos (atSeo--
in aiSeojutat, av-aibris),
ye'Ao)? (yeAao-- in yeAaco), &c. When #5cop, &c. were brought into
use as Nominatives answering to Neuter oblique Cases, they
naturally followed these in respect of gender. Cp.
1 10 (adfin.).
115.] Accentuation. The accent is often connected with the
form of the Suffix, and sometimes varies with the meaning.
But the rules that can be given on this subject are only
partial.
1. Stems in -o are generally oxytone when they denote an
agent, barytone when they denote the thing done ; e. g. (^opo-s
bearer, but $o'po-s that which is brought ; dyo-j leader, dpcoyo-s
helper, O-KOTT-OS watcher, rpo^o-s nurse, TOKO-S offspring.
But
ro/xo-s pasture, Aotyo-s pestilence (perhaps thought of as an
agent, '
destroyer'').
2. Stems in -rj
are generally oxytone, but there are many
exceptions (as 8tK-r;, jutax.-^).
3. Most stems in -18, and all in -a8, are oxytone. But those
which admit an Ace. in -iv are all barytone.
4. Adjectives in -u-s are oxytone; except Ofj\-v-s arid the
isolated Fern. 0aAeia. Substantives in -u-s are mostly oxytone ;
but see 116, 4.
5. Neuters with Stems in -eo- (Nom. Ace. -05) are barytone,
but Adjectives in -rjs,
and Fern. Nouns in -&>s,
Gen. -oos, are
oxytone.
6. Nouns in -rjp
and -t\v
are oxytone, except juTJrryp, Bvyar-qp
(but see HI, 2), aparjv, Ttpr)v.
Nouns in -wp and -WK are mostly barytone, but there are
many exceptions, esp. the Abstract Nouns in -8wf, the Substantives
in as -jAwy, baLTv^v, fjyefjLtov, Kr^e/xwz;,
and most Nouns
in -w, Gen. -iovos as
} ayvv, dy/ccoz;, )(eiju(oi>, reAajuwr.
7. Stems in -TO with the O-form are barytone, with the weak
form oxytone e. ; g. KOI-TO-J, VOO--TO-S, but ora-ro'-s, &c.
8. Stems in are -TT] mostly oxytone. Accordingly the Prim-