A grammar of the Homeric dialect - Wilbourhall.org

I35-] ACCUSATIVE. 129
do not express the external Object of an action may be explained
in nearly the same way. The real difficulty arises when we
try to find a principle which will explain these different Accusatives
and at the same time exclude the relations expressed
by other Cases or Adverbial forms. No such principle can be
laid down. The fact seems to be that the Accusative originally
had a very wide '
Adverbial ' use, which was encroached upon by
the more specific uses of other Cases. The different constructions
included under the ' Internal Object ' have all the appearance of
fragments of an earlier more elastic usage.
133.] Neuter Pronouns may be used in the Accusative ' adverbially/
to define the action of the Verb as II. i. 289 a
:
i. e.
TLV ov 7Tia-eor0ai 6ia> in which 1 think that some one will not obey ;
II. 14. 249 aAAo 7rivv(r(rv gave another lesson ; Od. 23. 24 TOVTO
ovria-ei will do this benefit; Od. 10. 75
ro'6' LK&VCLS comest as thou
dost; II. 5. 827 pjre (TV y "Aprja TO ye 8et'8i0i fear not Ares as to
this ; Tobt x
e an 9r y at this; ra8e juaiz/erai does these mad
things (
= is mad with these acts).
This use includes the Adverbial rt
why ? (e. g. TL rjAfle? in regard
to what have you come?=wh&t means your coming?) : TO
therefore ( 262, 3), o, OTL because, that ( 269) : rt in any way,
ovbtv not at all, a/xcpa, abiva, fiapv, /3ape'a, 6v, rap^ea, VTrep/xopa, hbe&a, ox.a,
*X a >
an(^ man y more.
In general there is no difference perceptible between the Neut.
Sing, and Neut. Plur. But compare TVT06v for a little space,
and TVT0a Kedo-at split into little pieces (Od. 12. 388).
Note the combination of Pronoun and Adjective in TO irpuTov,
TCL Trpwra, ro TPLTOV, TO TTapTov also in TCL aAAa in other respects.
:
This construction is
very common in Homer, and may almost
be said to be the usual Homeric mode of forming an Adverb.
It has been already observed that Adverbs in -ws are comparatively
rare in Homer (
no).
135.] Cognate Accusative. This term denotes that the Verb