A grammar of the Homeric dialect - Wilbourhall.org

262.]
THE ARTICLE AS A RELATIVE. 23!
function as with a Possessive (jutot
rov Traiba = Tov e/utov TratSa) ;
it
reinforces the Pronoun which conveys the idea of possession.
This account does not apply to TTJS tvvfjs (II. 9. 133, 275., 19.
176), and rfjs apery? (Od. 2. 206). But here the Art. is probably
substantival :
rrjs VVTJ her couch^ r?}? aper?} her perfection. In
23. 75 KO.L IJLOL 86s TT]v x W a the Art. *s quite anomalous.
262.] The Article as a Relative. The Article at the beginning-
of a clause may often be translated either as a Demonstrative
or as a Relative. It has the character of a Relative when
the clause which it introduces is distinctly subordinate or parenthetical
:
as
II. I.
36 'ATToAAooin dvaKTL, rbv rjiJKOfjLOs Te'Ke ATJTCO
Apollo son of the fair-haired Leto.
The use of 6 rj
TO as a Relative is less common in Homer than
that of 09 rjf o, and is restricted in general to clauses which refer
to a definite antecedent. Thus in the line just quoted the clause
rov rivKonos Tece A^rw does not define Apollo,
i. e. does not show
who is meant by the name ;
it assumes that a definite person is
meant, and adds something further about him.
From this principle it evidently follows that
(1) The Art. when used as a Relative must follow the Noun or
Pronoun to which it refers ;
whereas a Relative Clause often
precedes.
The only exceptions are
II. I.
125 AAa ra juez;
TroAtW ee7rpa00juez>, ra Se'Saarai.
Od. 4. 349 (=17. 140) dAAa ra jueV /xot eeiTre . . r&v KrA.
We may perhaps read aAAa 0' a juey ( 332).
(2)
The Art. cannot stand as correlative to a Demonstrative
we must have (i.e. TO o that which^ not TO Hence in
TO).
II. 7- 452 TOV 5' TTl\.r]0t/3o? 'ATTo'AAo)^ KTA.
Toi; TO are not meant as correlatives : the sense is and will forget
the other
(a wall) which But
fyc.
some MSS. have o T eyco. So
Od. 13. 263 (rrjs A?7t8o9) TTJS etz/CK* eyo> iraOov ciAyea 0uju,tA' eo-^e TCL TTOV 0eos Iv (frptcrl drJKev,
19. 573 TOI;? TrcAeKeas TOI;? KTA. (perhaps also Od. 9. 334).
(3) The Art. is not used in epexegetic clauses, as II. 2. 338
l?, OtS OV TL fji\l KTA., II. 5^ 63 CLp^KCLKOVSy
at 7Ta(TL KaKOV
KTA., II. 15. 5^^ AafMTer&tySj o^ Aa/xTroj tyeivaro.
Instances at variance with the general principle are to be
found in II. 5- 747 ^P^coz; roivlv TC KOTeo-o-eTat (olo-iv
T in some
MSS.), II. 9. 592 K?]8e' oV* av0p(t)TroLO"L TreAet T