A grammar of the Homeric dialect - Wilbourhall.org

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22 TENSES. [2O. Similarly, again, the * analogy of the verbs in -ju/ and especially of those tenses which do not vary the quantity of the stem (as KI'XIMU, arj/u, 77X77-7-0, tyvav) has affected the derivative verbs, and has thus produced the non-thematic forms in question fyiXrmtvai like drjjuewu, aXiTri^vos like KIXWCVOS, and so on. The forms riflrJ-juezxH (II. 23. 83, 247), nOri-^vov (II. 10. 34) are probably due to the influence of the same group of Verbs. A similar process explains the Êolic conjugation of verbs in -juu (ye'Acujut, ûAry/xt, SoKtV^M ^ne difference 1 )' being that in JEolic it was carried much further. In Homer we have nothing answering to the I Sing. (f)i\r]fjLi f the I Plur. , the 3 Plur. (/uAeto-t, or the corresponding Imperfect forms. We cannot be sure, however, that all the examples of this type which appeared in the original text of Homer have been preserved. Wackernagel has observed that nearly all the words now in question are forms which would be unfamiliar in the Greece of classical times. The list is made up chiefly of duals (irpoaavbrjTrjv, (poirrjTrjv, &c.) and Infinitives in -fifvai. It is not improbable (e.g.) that the familiar form TrpoaTjvba has supplanted an original Non-Thematic irpoff^vSr}. On the other hand in II. n. 638 km 5' aiyeiov Kvr\ rvpov the metre points rather to the uncontracted Kvde. 20.] Aorists. Of the Aorist Stems noticed in 13, several are probably derived from Nouns, and do not differ in formation from the Presents discussed in the preceding section : e. g. e-yrjpu (yfjpa-s), /3tw-ro) (/3io-s), 7r-e7rAo)-s (77X00-9), ah&-vai, perhaps cnr-6vr)-To. Regarding the Passive Aorists, see 42-44. 21.] Meaning of the Non-Thematic Pres. and Aor. The Presents formed by Reduplication, and by the Suffixes -vv\ and -w, are nearly always Transitive or ( Causative ' in meaning, as torq-ju, (TKid-pq-juij op-vv-î whereas the simpler Verbs, whether : Present or Aorist, are usually Intransitive, as eo-rrj-z;, $ o-/3 77. Regarding the Tense-meaning, it is enough to point out here that the difference of the Present and Aorist is not given by the form of the Tense : thus the Impf. e-ffrrj-v is the same in formation as the Aor. e-Sr-z; e-crn-zj. The Perfect. 22.] The Perfect-Stem is formed by Reduplication, and is liable to vary with the Person-Endings ( 6). This variation is the rule in the Homeric Perfect. In Attic it survives in a few forms only; it is regular in otda and e'o-rrjKa. The weak form of the Stem is the same (except for the Reduplication) as in the Tenses already discussed. The long Stem is often different, showing a predilection for the O-form. The variation appears in the interchange of
22.] THE PERFECT. (1) tj (d) and a: as re07JA.-et bloomed, Part. Fern. apr/pe is fitting ', dpap-ina; A.eA.rjK-ws', A.eA.aK-wa yelling, jxe/xa/c-tua bleating', AeAaorat (AeAa0-rai, ArJ^-co) ^#s forgotten, aKct)(-juez;os sharpened, Treâ^-rat /to appeared; o-eVijTre w rotten (
Page 3: JS I LIBRARY
Page 6 and 7: HENRY FROWDE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRES
Page 8 and 9: PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY H
Page 11 and 12: PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. IT ma
Page 13 and 14: PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. IX cl
Page 15 and 16: PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XI ne
Page 17 and 18: PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. THE
Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER I. The Person-Endings. PAGE
Page 21 and 22: TABLE OF CONTENTS. xvil CHAPTER III
Page 23 and 24: TABLE OF CONTENTS. xix PAGE 161. Th
Page 25 and 26: TABLE OF CONTENTS. XXI PAGE 243. Th
Page 27 and 28: TABLE OF CONTENTS. xxill CHAPTER XI
Page 29 and 30: HOMEHIC GRAMMAR CHAPTER I. INTRODUC
Page 31 and 32: 5-] PERSON-ENDINGS. , O b b ? o ^>
Page 33 and 34: 5-] PERSON-ENDINGS. 5 suffer Hyphae
Page 35 and 36: 6.] VARIATION OF STEM. 7 Sing. Indi
Page 37 and 38: 8.] MIDDLE VOICE. 9 answering to -a
Page 39 and 40: 10.] THE TENSES. II This we shall c
Page 41 and 42: 12.] NON-THEMATIC PRESENT. 13 Mid.
Page 43 and 44: I4-] NON-THEMATIC AORIST. 15 (Hes.
Page 45 and 46: 1 6.] NON-THEMATIC TENSES. T; i8-ju
Page 47 and 48: 1 8.] THEMATIC FORMS. 19 ebibovs, e
Page 49: 1 9.] NON-THEMATIC CONTRACTED VERBS
Page 53 and 54: 2,2,.] THE PERFECT. ' 25 When the S
Page 55 and 56: 24-] REDUPLICATION. 2/ (4) Temporal
Page 57 and 58: 26.] PARTICIPLE. 29 weak Stem, but
Page 59 and 60: 28.] MEANING. 31 Pluperfects Sci'Si
Page 61 and 62: 30.] THEMATIC PRESENT. 33 The forms
Page 63 and 64: 31.] THEMATIC AORIST. 35 The forms
Page 65 and 66: 33-] THEMATIC AORIST. 37 48, 51). W
Page 67 and 68: 36.] REDUPLICATED PRESENT AND AORIS
Page 69 and 70: 39-] AORIST IN -2A. 41 acu ', eVay,
Page 71 and 72: 41.] AORIST IN -SE(O). 43 sionally
Page 73 and 74: 45-] THEMATIC PRESENT WITH SUFFIX.
Page 75 and 76: 49-] ITERATIVE CLASS. 47 in mjut-Tr
Page 77 and 78: 53-] /-CLASS. 49 (3) -iw : TrvOi-To
Page 79 and 80: 55-] ASSIMILATION. 51 (d) With leng
Page 81 and 82: 55-] ASSIMILATION. 53 have been ret
Page 83 and 84: 57-] CONTRACTION SYNIZESIS. 55 2. V
Page 85 and 86: 63.] FUTURE. 57 0VT) 1 stay waiting
Page 87 and 88: 66.] FUTURE. 59 the accent ot the F
Page 89 and 90: 68.] AUGMENT. 6l (2) In several wor
Page 91 and 92: 71.] IMPERFECT. 63 instances of the
Page 93 and 94: 7
Page 95 and 96: 79-1 AORIST MEANING. 67 speaker put
Page 97 and 98: 8l.] SUBJUNCTIVE. 69 For 6iSo, &c.,
Page 99 and 100: 82.] SUBJUNCTIVE. 71 (II. 3. 353).
Page 101 and 102:
84.] VERBAL NOUNS. 73 The so-called
Page 103 and 104:
87.] PARTICIPLE. 75 (Sanscr. vid-ma
Page 105 and 106:
89.] ACCENT. 77 following the Prepo
Page 107 and 108:
93-] CASE-ENDINGS. 79 which forms t
Page 109 and 110:
96.] SINGULAR. 8l 95.] Original d a
Page 111 and 112:
99-] SINGULAR. 83 98.] Genitive Sin
Page 113 and 114:
102.] PLURAL. 85 Stems in -u, Gen.
Page 115 and 116:
105.] CONTRACTION, &C. 87 vav-(f)iv
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106] STEM VARIATION. 89 a ' strong
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107.] HETEROCLITE NOUNS. 9! ovbas,
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109.] ADVERBS. 93 In the Compound O
Page 123 and 124:
110.] ADVERBS. 95 confirmed by the
Page 125 and 126:
III.] ACCENT. 97 avrrjv (avTiov, tv
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IT3-] NOUN FORMATION. 99 CHAPTER VI
Page 129 and 130:
II4-] PRIMARY SUFFIXES. IOI Note ho
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114.] PRIMARY SUFFIXES. 103 -ex, -I
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JI4*.] VARIATION OF SUFFIXES. form.
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1 15.] ACCENT. 107 Neuters in -ap,
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II 6.] GENDER. 109 3. Stems in -ia,
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II 8*.] SECONDARY SUFFIXES. Ill ',
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120.] DENOMINATIVE FORMS. 113 12O.]
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I2I-] DEGREES OF COMPARISON. 115 pe
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124-] PREFIXED STEM. 1 17 that whil
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1 24.] PREFIXED STEM. 119 But in ma
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1 25.] SECOND STEM. 121 Neuters in
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I27-] MEANING OF COMPOUNDS. 123 is
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130.] PROPER NAMES NUMERALS. 125 No
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131.] ADVERBIAL WORDS. 127 CHAPTER
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I35-] ACCUSATIVE. 129 do not expres
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I37-] ACCUSATIVE. 131 hast thou rec
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140.] ACCUSATIVE. 133 yevos /ca/cos
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I43-] DATIVE. 135 The notion ' doin
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I44-] INSTRUMENTAL DATIVE. 137 In t
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1 45-] LOCATIVAL DATIVE. 139 also w
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147-] GENITIVE. 141 the predicate g
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150.] GENITIVE. 143 This use of the
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151.] GENITIVE. 145 The Gen. in thi
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152] ABLATIVAL GENITIVE. 147 o-Y]|j
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156.] FORMS IN -*I(N). 149 fixed co
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1 59-] FORMS IN -0EN AND -112. 151
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162.] NOMINATIVE. 153 ' ' notion th
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164.] VOCATIVE. 155 163.] Interject
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1 66.] ADJECTIVES. 157 expresses qu
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170.] SINGULAR. 159 binations such
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I73-] NEUTER PLURAL DUAL. l6l gener
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176.] PREPOSITIONS. 163 CHAPTER IX.
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178.] TMESIS USE WITH CASES. 165 17
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l8o.] ACCENTUATION. 167 Cases, the
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l8o*.] ACCENTUATION. 169 as wept 6e
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183.] 'AM*I. 171 273, H. Ven. 243 ;
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1 86.] 'AM*I, HEPI. 173 186.] The D
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190.] KEPI, IIAPA. 175 l \ffvxys as
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1 94.] IIAPA, META. be seen in Empe
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198.] META, "EIII. 179 write jjicTa
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aoi.] "Em, Tno. 181 4. The instance
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204.] "rno. 183 In one or two place
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210.] IIPOTI, 'ANA. 185 (3) before,
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2 1 5.] KATA, AIA. 187 (5) to expre
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221.] AIA, "rilEP, ENI, 2TN. 189 1
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225-] EI 2, 'EB, 'AHO, HPO. 191 con
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228.] IMPROPER PREPOSITIONS. 193 In
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230.] INFINITIVE AND PARTICIPLE. 19
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231.] INFINITIVE. 197 Od. 4. 634 5e
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234-] INFINITIVE AS SUBJECT, &C. 19
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237-] WITH RELATIVES WITH HPIN. 2OI
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238.] ACCUSATIVE WITH INFINITIVE. 2
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ATTRACTION. 240.] 205 may have a Pr
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242.] ORIGIN OF THE INFINITIVE. 207
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243-] PARTICIPLE. 209 ceased to be
Page 239 and 240:
244-] TENSES. 211 a preceding Prono
Page 241 and 242:
246.] GENITIVE ABSOLUTE. 213 the ti
Page 243 and 244:
248.] PRONOUNS. 215 CHAPTER XL USES
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*OAE, KEINOS, O'TTOS. 21 J is the w
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253.] ATTO5 REFLEXIVE PRONOUN. 219
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255-] ^02. 221 original force of th
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255-] "E^. 223 Od. 13. 320 (where t
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257-] THE SUBSTANTIVAL ARTICLE. 225
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259-] THE ATTRIBUTIVE ARTICLE. 227
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2.61.] THE ATTRIBUTIVE ARTICLE. 229
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262.] THE ARTICLE AS A RELATIVE. 23
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264.] HOMERIC AND ATTIC ARTICLE. 23
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266.] THE RELATIVE. 235 the Correla
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267.] RELATIVE CLAUSES. 237 2. The
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267.] RELATIVE CLAUSES. 239 how we
Page 269 and 270:
269.] 'O, C OTI, 'O TE. 241 my daug
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269.] f O, 'OTI, 'O TE. 243 causes
Page 273 and 274:
271.] ORATIO OBL1QUA. 245 It may be
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272.] FORMS OF THE RELATIVE CLAUSE.
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^ 273-] KINDS OF SENTENCE. 249 2. P
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2 75-] SUBJUNCTIVE IN PRINCIPAL CLA
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277-] PRINCIPAL CLAUSES. 253 II. 18
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280.] PROHIBITION SUBORDINATE CLAUS
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282.] RELATIVE CLAUSES FINAL. 257 S
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283.] RELATIVE CLAUSESCONDITIONAL.
Page 289 and 290:
286.] 'fls, 'onns, 'INA. 261 1 Rega
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289.] '0*PA, 'EH2, 'OTE, 'OHOTE. 26
Page 293 and 294:
. 292.] CLAUSES WITH El. 265 Od. II
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294-] CLAUSES WITH EL 267 Od. II. 1
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297-] 'EIIEI IIPIN. 269 tion of re.
Page 299 and 300:
299-] OPTATIVE IN PRINCIPAL CLAUSES
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300.] WITH KEN OR 'AN. 273 Od. 14.
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303.] DEPENDENT DELIBERATIVE USE. 2
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304.] RELATIVE CLAUSES FINAL. 277 s
Page 307 and 308:
306.] RELATIVE CLAUSES CONDITIONAL.
Page 309 and 310:
307.] '&2, e onn2, f iNA, 'Ens, 'O*
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310.] 'OTE, 'OHOTE, 'EIIEI, HPIN. 2
Page 313 and 314:
313-] CLAUSES WITH El. 285 312.] Op
Page 315 and 316:
316.] SUMMARY OF USES. 287 So in th
Page 317 and 318:
317.] ORIGINAL MEANING. 289 (6? OVK
Page 319 and 320:
320.] EI-CLAUSES. 291 (3) Wish, wit
Page 321 and 322:
3*3-] INDICATIVE. 293 imply a corre
Page 323 and 324:
324-*] CONDITIONAL CLAUSES. 295 a C
Page 325 and 326:
326.] FUTURE. 297 II. I. 522 dAAa (
Page 327 and 328:
329-] PARTICLES. 299 328.] Prohibit
Page 329 and 330:
332.] KAI, TE. 301 whole condition
Page 331 and 332:
332.] TE. 303 aypta iravra, ra re r
Page 333 and 334:
334-] AE. 305 vovcrov ava (rrparbv
Page 335 and 336:
3350 AE. 307 more than the ordinary
Page 337 and 338:
339-] 'AAAA, ATTAP, 'ATAP, AT, 'H.
Page 339 and 340:
Kt0' 341.] 'HE, TL 311 1 would say
Page 341 and 342:
345-] MAN > can only suppose that a
Page 343 and 344:
346.] MEN, TOI. 315 oovs v(TL (=by
Page 345 and 346:
348.] 'APA, TAP. 317 apa more commo
Page 347 and 348:
350.] TAP, OTN, AH, NY, 0HN. 319 th
Page 349 and 350:
354-] nE P, TE. 321 So with Relativ
Page 351 and 352:
357-] or, MH. 323 The general use o
Page 353 and 354:
359-] lest she have persuaded thee
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362.] MH, KEN, 'AN. 327 I. 37 eTret
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362.] 'AN IN HOMER. 329 and are lir
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363.] KEN, 'AN. 331 II. 4. 164 eao-
Page 361 and 362:
363.] KEN, 'AN. 333 av, on the othe
Page 363 and 364:
"" 365.] KEN, 'AN' ORDER OF PARTICL
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AtyuTrroVSe ORDER. 337 a line which
Page 367 and 368:
irjArfiaSeo) 367.] THE HEXAMETER. 3
Page 369 and 370:
ty/foiou 369.] QUANTITY OF SYLLABLE
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37-] POSITION. 343 p : in 'AQpo&in)
Page 373 and 374:
373-] LENGTHENING BEFORE LIQUIDS. 3
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375-] SHORT FINAL SYLLABLES. 347 ir
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376.] ELISION. 349 In Homer vowel,
Page 379 and 380:
378*.] SYNIZESIS CONTRACTION. 351 m
Page 381 and 382:
378*0 CONTRACTION. 353 II. 4. 161 e
Page 383 and 384:
3 8 -] HIATUS. 355 II. 13. 22 (afyQ
Page 385 and 386:
383.] HIATUS DOUBTFUL SYLLABLES. 35
Page 387 and 388:
384.] DOUBTFUL VOWELS. 359 in i, co
Page 389 and 390:
389-] DIGAMMA. 361 The reason may b
Page 391 and 392:
39-] INITIAL DIGAMMA. 363 original
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39-] INITIAL DIGAMMA. 365 Note, how
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39-] INITIAL DIGAMMA. 367 clXuw. Be
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39-] INITIAL DIGAMMA. 569 In the on
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393-] INITIAL 7- FOR s o(f)\v OCLVC
Page 401 and 402:
393-] LOSS OF EIGAMMA. 373 chariot
Page 403 and 404:
396.] 8F-, Fp-, MEDIAL F. 375 395.]
Page 405 and 406:
401.] THEORIES OF THE DIGAMMA. 377
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404.] THEORIES OF THE DIGAMMA. 379
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404.] DIGAMMA IN THE DIALECTS. 381
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405.] DIGAMMA IN IONIC. 383 KvF6$,
Page 413 and 414:
H AND El IN HOMER. 385 5. The Attic
Page 415 and 416:
PICK'S THEORY. 387 laid in Êolis ;
Page 417 and 418:
FICK'S THEORY. 389 Homer, it is nec
Page 419 and 420:
PICK'S THEORY. 391 (AdiYo?, AaoKpir
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FICKS THEORY. 393 5. In his earlier
Page 423 and 424:
FICK'S THEORY. 395 ( /) Many Attic
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NOTES AND CORRECTIONS. 397 explains
Page 427 and 428:
NOTES AND CORRECTIONS. 399 decided,
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NOTES AND CORRECTIONS. 401 similar
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INDEX I. OF HOMERIC FORMS. N.B. The
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INDEX. 405 dvovrrjri IIO. dai 32. I
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8e (use) 257 (i), 259 INDEX. 407
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ip.aprai 22 (6), 23 (2). INDEX. 409
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INDEX. fppT)a 67, 395. 64. 1 eppiya
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m 390- INDEX. 413
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INDEX. 415
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INDEX. 417 * '/* X
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. INDEX. 419 124 c. 7T\r)cri(rTios
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INDEX. 421 55.(9). 82. rpooxao) 55
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INDEX II. OF SUBJECTS. N.B. The fig
Page 453 and 454:
INDEX. 425 Deictic Pronouns 247 : o
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INDEX. 427 Defining Art. 261 (i, 3)
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INDEX. 429 Supposition: Opt. of 299
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85 INDEX. 43 1
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574 INDEX. 433
Page 463 and 464:
INDEX. 435 140
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21/5/98 (Llarenbon press, rforb. SE
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STANDARD GREEK WORKS. 2. STANDARD G
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STANDARD GREEK WORKS. Euripides. An
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MISCELLANEOUS STANDARD WORKS. 3. MI
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