A grammar of the Homeric dialect - Wilbourhall.org

348 USE OF CASES. [153.
X fxe tpa>v, &c.), but only with Verbs which imply
separation or distance from a point, or which are compounded with
Prepositions such as e, OTTO', &c.
Later poets seem to be more free in this respect (probably because they
treated the usage as an archaism, adopted as being poetical) : e. g. Soph. 0. T.
142 ftaPpcav 'iffraaOf, Ant. 418 xO v s ddpas, Phil. 630 rea-s d-yovra, &c. Further
extensions are, the use for the place from which something is seen, as Soph.
El. 78, 324, and for the agent, Eur. Or. 497, El. 123.
153.] Gen. of Price. Verbs meaning to change places with
take an Ablatival Gen., as yovv yovvos CL^L^U^V (quoted
in the
last section)
: hence the constructions
II. 6.
235 re^x/ afjLifi \pva-a xa\Kuoz> exchanged armour,
golden (passing in exchange] for bronze.
II. I. ill XpvoTj&os ayAa' airowa ... 6eao-#at to accept a splendid
ransom for Chryseis ; so Od. n. 327 77 \pvo-ov ^tAou avopbs
e8ea,TO who took gold for (to betray)
her husband.
II. n. 1 06 eAucre^ aTToivcov released for a ransom.
Hence we may explain the construction with Verbs meaning
to value at, set off against (a price) ; as II. 23. 649 TI/XT/S rjs re' jtx'
TtrifjifjcrOai so with the Adjectives cbraftoy, &c.
;
It is possible however that a word expressing value or price may be construed
as a Gen. with a Noun. As we can say reject 4aTo^j3oia armour worth
a hundred oxen, we might have rtvx^a (Karov &owv (as in Attic prose, e. g. Se/ca
JJLVUJV \(apiov a plot worth ten minae) ; cp. the Latin magni emere, magnifacere, &c.
Case-forms
154.] The Case-Ending -4>i(0
is found in a number of
Homeric forms which appear to be construed indifferently as
Datives or Genitives. It will be shown, however, that there is
ground for believing these forms to have been used for the Dat.
only in the instrumental and locatival senses (the latter being
comparatively rare), and for the Gen. only in the ablatival
sense. They formed, therefore, a * mixed Case/ composed of the
same elements as the Latin Ablative, viz. the original Instr.
Abl. and Loc.
In respect of usage these forms are archaic that is to : say,
they are confined for the most part to lines and phrases of a
in