2012 Ocean Ranger Guidebook Revision 3-7-12 - Alaska ...

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2012 Ocean Ranger Guidebook 3-7-12 have further agreed that the discharge of graywater will comply with all applicable laws and regulations. For vessels whose itineraries are fully within US territorial waters, discharge shall comply fully with U.S. and individual state legislation and regulations. The term graywater is used on ships to refer to wastewater that is generally incidental to the operation of the ship. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) defines graywater as including drainage from dishwasher, shower, laundry, bath and washbasin drains. The US Clean Water Act (formally know as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act) includes galley, bath and shower water in its definition of graywater. The US regulations implementing this act do not include a further definition of gray water. However, the regulations do include a provision that exempts all of the wastewater included in the IMO definition and other discharges incidental to the operation of a ship from the Clean Water Act’s permitting program (formally known as the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program). Finally, the US Coast Guard regulations include provisions that essentially combine the two definitions from the IMO and the Clean Water Act. None of the definitions of graywater include blackwater (discussed below) or bilgewater from the machinery spaces. Recent U.S. Legislation places limits on the discharge of graywater in the Alaska Alexander Archipelago. Handling Method Employed by Member Lines: Graywater is discharged only while ships are underway and proceeding at a speed of not less than 6 knots, in recognition that dispersal of these discharges is desirable and that mixing of these waters, which are discharged approximately 10-14 feet below the surface, by the action of the propellers and the movement of the ship, provides the best dispersal available. O. Blackwater: Waste from toilets, urinals, medical sinks and other similar facilities is called "blackwater." CLIA members have agreed that all blackwater will be processed through a Marine Sanitation Device (MSD), certified in accordance with U.S. or international regulations, prior to discharge. For ships traveling regularly on itineraries beyond the territorial water of coastal states, discharge will take place only when the ship is more than 4 miles from shore and when the ship is traveling at a speed of not less than 6 knots. 1 For vessels whose itineraries are fully within US territorial waters, discharge shall comply fully with U.S. and individual state legislation and regulations. P. Advanced Wastewater Purification Systems: To improve environmental performance, cruise lines are testing and installing wastewater purification systems that utilize advanced technologies. These onboard wastewater treatment systems are designed to result in effluent discharges that are of a high quality and purity; for example, meeting or surpassing standards for secondary and tertiary effluents and reclaimed water. Effluents meeting these high standards would not be subjected to the strict discharge limitations previously discussed. 1 For vessels operating under sail, or a combination of sail and motor propulsion, the speed shall not be less than 4 knots. 144
2012 Ocean Ranger Guidebook 3-7-12 Q. Training and Educational Materials Training is an important and ongoing part of every position and tasking onboard cruise ships. Not only is training necessary for the safe and economical operation of a ship, it is required by numerous international conventions and flag state regulations. The International Convention on Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) for example, sets forth requirements for knowledge, experience and demonstrated competency for licensed officers of the deck and engineering departments and for ratings forming part of the navigation or engineering watch. Equivalent national standards apply to ships in United States registry. These detailed requirements address not only the navigation of the ship but also the proper operation of the shipboard machinery and knowledge of and ability to assure compliance with the environmental protection requirements of MARPOL and the safety regulations of The International Convention on Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). SOLAS also requires that the ship’s training manual (which contents are prescribed by regulation) be placed in the crew messes and recreation rooms or in individual crew cabins. CLIA member lines have developed programs that raise the level of environmental awareness on the part of both the passengers and the crew. Each ship’s crew receives training regarding shipboard safety and environmental procedures. Advanced training in shipboard safety and environmental management procedures is provided for those directly involved in these areas. Those directly responsible for processing wastes are given specific instruction in their duties and responsibilities and in the operation of the various equipment and waste management systems. Specific actions that our member lines have taken to train employees and increase passenger awareness include: a. Announcements over the public address system and notices in ship newsletters that caution against throwing any trash overboard, b. Signage and colorful posters placed in crew and passenger areas encouraging environmental awareness and protection, c. Safety and environmental information booklets in crew cabins and crew lounges, d. Regular meetings of ship safety and environmental committees consisting of officers and crew from all departments to review methods of improving performance, including better and more effective environmental practices. For ships on an international voyage, STCW, SOLAS, the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (ISM Code), require that training be fully documented. Individual training is documented in each crewmember’s file. Ship training exercises, such as fire drills and emergency response exercises, are documented in the appropriate ship’s logs. All of these training documents are required to be available for oversight examination by both the ship’s flag state inspectors and by port state authorities such as the United States Coast Guard. Placards warning of the prohibition of the discharge of oil are posted on all ships operating in the navigable waters of the United States as required by U.S. Coast Guard regulations (33CFR155.450). Additionally, as part of required shipboard waste management plans, both Coast Guard regulations (33CFR151.59) and MARPOL (Annex V Regulation 9) require the posting of placards that notify the passengers and the crew of the disposal requirements for garbage. These placards are to be written in the official language of the State whose flag the ship is entitled to fly and also in English or French if neither of these is the official 145
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