Consenting Process for Radiation Facilities - Atomic Energy ...

accelerators are either electron accelerators or charged particle accelerators.
Van de graff generators are example of electro-static accelerator and linear
accelerators and microtrons are examples of electron accelerators. Pelletrons
and cyclotrons are examples of particle ion accelerators. Electron accelerators
are associated with photon generation either directly or as synchrotron
radiation. Therefore shielding should take into consideration the substantial
photon generation. Similarly charged particle accelerators are source of
neutrons and secondary particles such as mesons and pions for which
appropriate shielding is required. High energy particle accelerators may lead
to materials and leave residual radioactivity. Although the radioactive species
are generally of short half-lives, their accumulated activity should be
considered while handling the shielding materials, experimental objects and
collimators that are likely to get activated to significant levels. Activation of
soil and groundwater should also be considered.
Particle accelerators are used for research in nuclear physics, material science,
nuclear chemistry and biology and various other fields. For PARF with beam
energy