Silviculture and Cinegetics Review - Societatea Progresul Silvic

FORESTRY BELTS SILVICULTURE AND CINEGETICS REVIEW XVII/30/2012
shelterbelts will not benefit from the forest
microclimate, the component species being forced to
grow in more severe aridity conditions than those
normally reflected by the forest vegetation in the
region (Chiriţă et al., 1977; Geambaşu and Dănescu,
2004; Stănescu et al., 1997). To establish the
afforestation compositions, the technical norms have
been taken into consideration (***, 2000).
Therefore, in case of forest shelterbelts, the species
choice and their participation proportion for different
types of afforestation solutions are made according to
the bioclimatic framing and the corresponding soil
and ecological site conditions (Antonescu et al., 1969;
Coteţ, 1973; Mihăilescu, 1969; ***, 2005), taking into
consideration especially the basic indigenous and
representative species that are part of fundamental
natural forest types in these areas (pubescent oak –
Quercus pubescens, greyish oak – Quercus
pedunculiflora, common oak – Quercus robur,
Turkish oak – Quercus cerris, Hungarian oak –
Quercus frainetto), as well as other indigenous species
(silver lime – Tilia tomentosa, plane maple – Acer
platanoides, hedge maple – Acer campestre, manna
ash – Fraxinus ornus, pear tree – Pirus pyraster,
cherry plum – Prunus cerasifera, different shrubs) or
even exotical (Turkestan elm – Ulmus pumila,
Russian olive – Eleagnus angustifolia), well known as
drought-resistant.
In the Danube Plain and Dobrogea, the variation of
the ecological site conditions (soil and climate) within
the territory allows the identification (differentiation)
of eight soil and site situations to which the following
afforestation compositions correspond:
In Dobrogea
I. Areas with kastanozioms (kastanozems – WRB –
SR, 1998) in the steppe area
In order to fit into an appropriate ecological site the
areas covered with kastanozioms in which will be
placed forest shelterbelts the following site type is
recommended: „Dobrogean plain steppe (Quercus
pubescens ± Quercus pedunculiflora), low
productivity, long low inclined slopes, blunt tops of
the hill or flat lands, kastanozioms, highly edaphic
volumes, physiologically shallow-medium deep“.
For the afore-mentioned ecological site situation the
use of the following afforestation composition is
recommended: 40Stp 20Ult 20Sl 20arb.
II. Areas with calcaric and typical chernozems
(calcaro-calcic and calcic chernozems – WRB – SR,
1998) in the steppe area
The steppe areas with chernozems can be framed
under the following ecological site type: ”Dobrogean
plain steppe (Quercus pedunculiflora, Quercus
pubescens), low productivity, long low inclined
slopes, blunt tops of the hill or flat lands, calcaric and
typical chernozems, high edaphic volumes,
physiologically medium deep”. The following
afforestation composition is recommended: 20Stb
20Stp 20Ult 20Sl 20arb.
III. Areas with cambic chernozems (haplic
chernozems – WRB – SR, 1998) in the silvosteppe
area (plain) and depressions in the steppe area
(saucers, very large saucers)
To frame into ecological forest site the areas of steppe
and silvosteppe with cambic cernozioms the following
ecological site type is recommended: ”Dobrogean
plain silvosteppe and depressions in the steppe
(Quercus pedunculiflora - Quercus pubescens),
medium to low productivity, long and slight slopes,
blunt tops of the hill, flat terrains and depression
zones, cambic chernozems, slightly decarbonated,
highly edaphic, physiologically medium deep”. In this
situation the following afforestation composition is
recommended: 40Stb 20Mj(Pă) 20Sl 20arb.
In the Danube Plain
IV. Areas with calcaric and typical chernozems
(calcaro-calcic and calcic chernozems – WRB – SR,
1998) and kastanozioms (kastanozems – WRB – SR,
1998) in the external silvosteppe and medium
silvosteppe
These areas are recommended to be framed in the
following ecological forest site type: ”External and
medium silvosteppe, medium productivity (Quercus
pedunculiflora), calcaric and typical chernozems and
kastanozioms on loess substatum, physiologically
medium deep to shallow, highly edaphic, loamy,
medium humus content, with carbonates in the first 50
cm, rarely carbonatic under 50 cm (with Cca horizon
under the depth of 50-70 cm)”.
Recommended composition: 40Stb 20Ult 20Sl 20arb.
V. Areas with cambic chernozems (haplic chernozems
– WRB – SR, 1998) in the middle silvosteppe The
following ecological forest site is recommended for
framing this areas: ”Medium silvosteppe, mediumhigh
productivity (Quercus pedunculiflora), cambic
chernozems on loess substratum, physiologically very
deep (rare deep), high edaphic volume, loamy -
clayey-loamy to maximum clayey-loamy soils (rare
entirely loamy), moderate content in humus (rare
medium to weak humiferous), without carbonates in
the first 70 cm”.
54