Silviculture and Cinegetics Review - Societatea Progresul Silvic

FORESTRY BELTS SILVICULTURE AND CINEGETICS REVIEW XVII/30/2012
Agricultură
(culturi agricole, animale)
Agrosilvicultură
Silvicultură
(arbori, arbuşti)
Fig. 1 Schematic representation of agroforestry systems
Agroforestry systems specific to agrosylviculture are composed of crops, animals and trees, bushes, which are associated
on the same field at the same time.
Table. 1. Main criteria for the classification of agroforestry systems and major agroforestry systems
(adapted from Nair, 1985 cited by MacDicken and Vergara, 1990)
Structure and function of agroforestry systems
Spread and organization
Structure
(nature and arrangement of components, especially
of wood component)
Nature of components
Agroforestry systems
(crops and trees / shrubs)
Forest-pastoral systems
(pasture / animals and
trees)
Agroforestry pastoral
systems (crops, pasture /
animals and trees)
Other systems (multi
functional clusters of trees,
apiculture with trees etc.)
Way of placement of
components
IN SPACE (SPACE)
Dense mixed agroforestry
systems (intimately mixed
culture)
Thin mixed agroforestry
systems (grassland with trees)
Agroforestry systems in strips
(protection forest belts,
intercropping)
Agroforestry systems with
milestone trees (trees on the
edge of plots or fields)
IN TIME (TIME)
Identical, common
(intercropping, protection
forest belts)
Partially overlapping, crossed
(intimately mixed culture)
Consecutive (cyclic cultures to
improve soil fertility)
Function
(role and / or benefits
of components)
PRODUCTIVE
FUNCTION
Food (intercropping)
Forage (pasture with trees )
Firewood (mixed cultures
intimately, intercropping)
Adjacent wood products
(protection forest belts)
Other products
PROTECTIVE
FUNCTION
Against winds (protection
forest belts)
Shelter (protection forest
belts)
Soil conservation (grassland
with trees , protection forest
belts)
Moisture conservation
(protection forest belts)
Shade for crops, animals
and humans (protection
forest belts, grassland with
trees )
Land fund use
IN THE FOREST
FUND
Intimately mixed cultures
Sylvicultural access
corridors - a source of
forage mass
IN AGRICULTURAL
FUND
Intercropping
Protection forest belts
Pasture with trees
Agroforestry pastoral
systems
Socio-economic and
management level
BASED ON THE
DEGREE OF
EXISTING
TECHNOLOGIZATION
Low productivity
Average productivity
High productivity
BASED ON SOCIO-
ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Commercial
Intermediate
Subsistence
The simplest and most general classification based on
the three components is as follows: i) agroforestry
systems in which forestry species are cultivated with
agricultural species, ii) forest-pastoral systems that
combine trees with forage species or animals; iii)
agroforestry-pastoral systems in which forest species
are associated both with animals and agricultural
species.
More specific classifications result if we take into
account the structural characteristics of these
associations (spatial and temporal arrangement of
system components, main functions performed by
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