Biomass Feasibility Project Final Report - Xcel Energy

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Xenergy and Energetic Management Associates. (2003). Securing a Place for Biomass in the Northeast United States: A Review of Renewable Energy and Related Policies. Retrieved August 5, 2007 from http://www.nrbp.org/pdfs/nrbp_final_report.pdf Zeman, N. (2006, April). Pure Green Power. Biodiesel Magazine. Identifying Effective Biomass Strategies: Page 187 Quantifying Minnesota’s Resources and Evaluating Future Opportunities
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FINAL REPORT Identifying Effective
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OVERVIEW The profile of bio-power (
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This net-net amount usable for fuel
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Chapter VII: Government Policies, I
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Chapter XI: Project Development Han
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Fuel Selection Considerations......
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Carbon Emissions Policy ...........
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APPENDIX D : DATA SOURCES .........
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Figure VII-1: A Timeline of Minneso
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CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION Bio-power
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into renewable technologies that su
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BioPET Figure I-2: BioPET Main Scre
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CHAPTER II : BIOMASS FUELS BIOMASS
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when evaluating individual projects
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450,000 Corn Grain Corn Grain 51% 4
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For purposes of this analysis, all
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Billion Btu 70,000 60,000 50,000 40
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Billion Btu 300,000 250,000 200,000
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30,000 Dairy Manure Hog Manure 19%
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Identifying Effective Biomass Strat
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Dedicated Energy Crops Crops raised
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primary purpose, like food, animal
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Manures Variability. Depending on t
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equipment, logistics, soil health,
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Even a limited contribution to Minn
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Since NASS doesn’t provide a simi
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Billion Btu 160,000 140,000 120,000
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Capacity Factor = The amount of tim
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$9.00 $0.06 $8.00 $7.00 $3.16 $ per
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PHYSICAL FACTORS AFFECTING BIOMASS
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Thermal treatment of SSO also invol
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Wood Chipping Trees and logging res
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Baled Agricultural Biomass Preparin
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fuels exceeding the moisture conten
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• Rail. For most biomass plants,
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CHAPTER V : BIO-POWER CONVERSION TE
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Pile Burners Pile burners are a ver
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suspends them as they burn. Spreade
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Technology Type Table V-1: Emission
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Fuel (Gas) COMBUSTOR COMPRESSOR TUR
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• increased thermal to electrical
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Biodiesel has somewhat different ma
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Table V-4: Bio-Power Generation Res
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fuel plant to co-fire biomass than
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Co-Firing Gasified or Liquefied Bio
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esidues leave energy on the table b
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The industry’s most strenuous cha
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pulp from logs. Minnesota’s two c
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The result has been satisfactory, i
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City (plant name) Table VI-6: Ethan
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cut energy consumption 10%. But his
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Laurentian Energy in Hibbing and Vi
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achieve a 50 reduction in overall e
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(Nelson and Lamb, 2002) Figure VI-4
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e a 75 MW plant using alfalfa stems
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District Energy’s intervention re
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Fibrominn Concerns about the enviro
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1994 Legislature - As part of the P
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Minnesota Jobs Opportunities Buildi
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Real Estate Tax Exemptions Since re
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For more information, contact Paul
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Fort Snelling, MN 55111-4007 612-71
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USDA Rural Development Because biom
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egion encompassing approximately 13
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the boundaries of the Taconite Assi
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certain communities located in inel
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Suitable borrowers. For-profit SBCs
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http://www.state.mn.us/portal/mn/js
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NEW POLICY INITIATIVES Community-Ba
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The Energy Act also established the
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Overall Structure Fuel Delivery Pat
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expenses, rate of return, inflation
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$0.350 295 kW CHP $0.300 $0.250 $0.
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plant characteristics and plant exp
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Table VIII-4: Power Plant Financial
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Table VIII-7: Scenario Definitions
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Disregarding the manure digester, t
Page 158 and 159: CHAPTER IX : OVERCOMING BARRIERS Mi
Page 160 and 161: Biomass also tends to have a low en
Page 162 and 163: Learning more about the energy pote
Page 164 and 165: Recent projects in Minnesota and ne
Page 166 and 167: e calculated. Plants above 10 MW do
Page 168 and 169: To realize its goal, a mandate must
Page 170 and 171: alone. A decade or two from now, ev
Page 172 and 173: project in South Dakota because it
Page 174 and 175: surrounding air permits for biomass
Page 176 and 177: CHAPTER X : SEEKING OPPORTUNITIES W
Page 178 and 179: OPPORTUNITY 4: RETROFITTING EXISTIN
Page 180 and 181: for a full-time permit is more comp
Page 182 and 183: While this study did not focus spec
Page 184 and 185: Waste Landfill: a contract with a l
Page 186 and 187: pipelines, city water and sewer con
Page 188 and 189: ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITS A bio-power p
Page 190 and 191: AIR PERMITS The Minnesota Pollution
Page 192 and 193: Rate Agreements Facilities of 10 M
Page 194 and 195: BIBLIOGRAPHY AND RESOURCES The foll
Page 196 and 197: Cinergy Business Solutions - Combin
Page 198 and 199: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Ene
Page 200 and 201: Gordon, G. (2005, December 26). Wat
Page 202 and 203: McNeil Technologies, Inc. (2003). B
Page 204 and 205: Pollution Control Agency, ed. [PCA]
Page 206 and 207: Stephens, W.R. (2006, March). A Bio
Page 210 and 211: APPENDIX A : BIOPET MANUAL (version
Page 212 and 213: BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKS Figure A-3: Main
Page 214 and 215: harvest, the extent to which the fu
Page 216 and 217: Processing Yard Figure A-5: Feedsto
Page 218 and 219: Figure A-7: Feedstock to Power Plan
Page 220 and 221: Capital Cost Users must estimate th
Page 222 and 223: Expenses A number of common expense
Page 224 and 225: General Economic Inflation Rate The
Page 226 and 227: variables, while holding all other
Page 228: RESOURCE DIRECTORY Additionally, a
Page 231 and 232: Table B-1: Alphabetized List Compan
Page 233 and 234: Foster Wheeler Clinton, NJ 08809-40
Page 235 and 236: Market Street Energy St. Paul, MN 5
Page 237 and 238: University of Minnesota, Dept. of B
Page 239 and 240: CONSULTING Golder and Associates Ro
Page 241 and 242: FINANCING Northland Securities Minn
Page 243 and 244: RESEARCH University of Minnesota, D
Page 246: APPENDIX C : FEEDSTOCK CHARACTERIST
Page 249 and 250: o o o o Barge hauling to storage pl
Page 251 and 252: • Prices o Farm Gate o (UMES, 200
Page 253 and 254: o Glycerol production is assumed to
Page 255 and 256: o Manure inventories are based on N
Page 257: Propane • Material Characteristic
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Biomass Feasibility Project Final Report - Xcel Energy

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