Biomass Feasibility Project Final Report - Xcel Energy

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Clean Energy Resource Teams (CERTs) St. Paul, MN 55108 (612) 624-2293 www.cleanenergyresourceteams.or g Non-profit/ advocacy Working to create regional resources for clean energy and economic development for communities across the state. Website has case studies and resources for developing clean energy projects, including biomass. Cornerstone Partners Minneapolis, MN 55403 (847) 601-3812 www.cornerstonepartners.info Financing Provide financial services to biomass and other power projects, including financial model development and equity and debt placement. Delve Energy Medina, MN 55340 (763) 478-3580 www.delveenergy.com/ Consulting Experience with Combined Heat and Power applications. Department of Energy - Biomass Division Washington, DC 20585 www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass Research Expertise in small biomass, biorefinery technologies and applications. Electric Power Research Institute Palo Alto, CA 94304 (650) 855-2000 www.epri.com Research Funded by utilities, do research on biomass, among other issues. Involved in fuel cell application on Haubenshild Farms digester, near Princeton, MN. Energy Products of Idaho Coeur d'Alene, ID 83815-8928 (208) 765-1611 www.energyproducts.com/ Technology vendor Produce fluidized bed and gasifier biomass conversion technologies. Environomics Salt Point, NY 12578 (845) 635-4206 www.waste2profits.com/index.htm Consulting Consulting and design services for anaerobic digesters. Was involved with Haubenschild digester near Princeton, MN. FibroWatt Newtown, PA 19067 (267) 352 0014 www.fibrowattusa.com Technology vendor Building a turkey litter plant near Benson, MN. Identifying Effective Biomass Strategies: Page B-3 Quantifying Minnesota’s Resources and Evaluating Future Opportunities
Foster Wheeler Clinton, NJ 08809-4000 www.fwc.com Technology vendor Design and build biomass thermal and power plants. Built the U of M steam plant fluidized bed coal/biomass boiler. Fresh Energy St. Paul, MN 55102 (651) 225-0878 www.fresh-energy.org Nonprofit/advoc acy Comprehensive list of state-level biomass policy measures/papers. FVB Energy Minneapolis, MN 55402 (612) 607-4544 www.fvbenergy.com Consulting One of the largest district heating firms in the world, involved with multiple biomass combined heat and power projects. GHD, Inc. Chilton, WI 53014 (920) 849-9797 Consulting Have built and designed multiple digester systems in Wisconsin. Golder and Associates Roseville, MN 55113 (651) 697-9737 www.golder.com Consulting Environmental review and air permitting expertise. Involved with air permitting for several Minnesota biomass projects. Great Plains Institute for Sustainable Development (GPISD) Minneapolis, MN 55407 612) 278-7150 www.gpisd.net Nonprofit/advoc acy Work in Upper Midwest, researching energy crop production and utilization. HDR Minneapolis, MN 55416-1567 (763) 591-5400 www.hdrinc.com Consulting Engineering and environmental review expertise. Did work for former NGPP hybrid popular project near Waseca. HGA Minneapolis, MN 55401 (612) 758-4463 www.hga.com Consulting Designing biomass campus heating system for University of Minnesota Morris. Page B-4 Identifying Effective Biomass Strategies: Quantifying Minnesota’s Resources and Evaluating Future Opportunities
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FINAL REPORT Identifying Effective
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OVERVIEW The profile of bio-power (
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This net-net amount usable for fuel
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Chapter VII: Government Policies, I
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Chapter XI: Project Development Han
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Fuel Selection Considerations......
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Carbon Emissions Policy ...........
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APPENDIX D : DATA SOURCES .........
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Figure VII-1: A Timeline of Minneso
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CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION Bio-power
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into renewable technologies that su
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BioPET Figure I-2: BioPET Main Scre
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CHAPTER II : BIOMASS FUELS BIOMASS
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when evaluating individual projects
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450,000 Corn Grain Corn Grain 51% 4
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For purposes of this analysis, all
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Billion Btu 70,000 60,000 50,000 40
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Billion Btu 300,000 250,000 200,000
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30,000 Dairy Manure Hog Manure 19%
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Identifying Effective Biomass Strat
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Dedicated Energy Crops Crops raised
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primary purpose, like food, animal
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Manures Variability. Depending on t
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equipment, logistics, soil health,
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Even a limited contribution to Minn
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Since NASS doesn’t provide a simi
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Billion Btu 160,000 140,000 120,000
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Capacity Factor = The amount of tim
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$9.00 $0.06 $8.00 $7.00 $3.16 $ per
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PHYSICAL FACTORS AFFECTING BIOMASS
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Thermal treatment of SSO also invol
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Wood Chipping Trees and logging res
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Baled Agricultural Biomass Preparin
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fuels exceeding the moisture conten
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• Rail. For most biomass plants,
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CHAPTER V : BIO-POWER CONVERSION TE
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Pile Burners Pile burners are a ver
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suspends them as they burn. Spreade
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Technology Type Table V-1: Emission
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Fuel (Gas) COMBUSTOR COMPRESSOR TUR
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• increased thermal to electrical
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Biodiesel has somewhat different ma
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Table V-4: Bio-Power Generation Res
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fuel plant to co-fire biomass than
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Co-Firing Gasified or Liquefied Bio
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esidues leave energy on the table b
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The industry’s most strenuous cha
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pulp from logs. Minnesota’s two c
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The result has been satisfactory, i
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City (plant name) Table VI-6: Ethan
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cut energy consumption 10%. But his
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Laurentian Energy in Hibbing and Vi
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achieve a 50 reduction in overall e
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(Nelson and Lamb, 2002) Figure VI-4
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e a 75 MW plant using alfalfa stems
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District Energy’s intervention re
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Fibrominn Concerns about the enviro
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1994 Legislature - As part of the P
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Minnesota Jobs Opportunities Buildi
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Real Estate Tax Exemptions Since re
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For more information, contact Paul
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Fort Snelling, MN 55111-4007 612-71
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USDA Rural Development Because biom
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egion encompassing approximately 13
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the boundaries of the Taconite Assi
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certain communities located in inel
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Suitable borrowers. For-profit SBCs
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http://www.state.mn.us/portal/mn/js
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NEW POLICY INITIATIVES Community-Ba
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The Energy Act also established the
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Overall Structure Fuel Delivery Pat
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expenses, rate of return, inflation
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$0.350 295 kW CHP $0.300 $0.250 $0.
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plant characteristics and plant exp
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Table VIII-4: Power Plant Financial
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Table VIII-7: Scenario Definitions
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Disregarding the manure digester, t
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CHAPTER IX : OVERCOMING BARRIERS Mi
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Biomass also tends to have a low en
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Learning more about the energy pote
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Recent projects in Minnesota and ne
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e calculated. Plants above 10 MW do
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To realize its goal, a mandate must
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alone. A decade or two from now, ev
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project in South Dakota because it
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surrounding air permits for biomass
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CHAPTER X : SEEKING OPPORTUNITIES W
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OPPORTUNITY 4: RETROFITTING EXISTIN
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for a full-time permit is more comp
Page 182 and 183: While this study did not focus spec
Page 184 and 185: Waste Landfill: a contract with a l
Page 186 and 187: pipelines, city water and sewer con
Page 188 and 189: ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITS A bio-power p
Page 190 and 191: AIR PERMITS The Minnesota Pollution
Page 192 and 193: Rate Agreements Facilities of 10 M
Page 194 and 195: BIBLIOGRAPHY AND RESOURCES The foll
Page 196 and 197: Cinergy Business Solutions - Combin
Page 198 and 199: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Ene
Page 200 and 201: Gordon, G. (2005, December 26). Wat
Page 202 and 203: McNeil Technologies, Inc. (2003). B
Page 204 and 205: Pollution Control Agency, ed. [PCA]
Page 206 and 207: Stephens, W.R. (2006, March). A Bio
Page 208: Xenergy and Energetic Management As
Page 211 and 212: OVERALL STRUCTURE The evaluation to
Page 213 and 214: Field Characteristics Energy Conten
Page 215 and 216: Feedstock Site Processing Yard (opt
Page 217 and 218: Storage Facility Figure A-6: Feedst
Page 219 and 220: “Logs” in the Navigation Menu.
Page 221 and 222: 2001 legislation ordered Minnesota
Page 223 and 224: Figure A-10: Financial Assumption S
Page 225 and 226: Navigation Menu. Note that every ti
Page 227 and 228: Project Comparisons $0.140 $0.135 $
Page 230 and 231: APPENDIX B : INDUSTRY CONTACT LIST
Page 234 and 235: Home Farms Technologies Brandon, Ma
Page 236 and 237: RCM Digesters Berkeley, CA 94704 (5
Page 238 and 239: Table B-2: Categorized List CATEGOR
Page 240 and 241: CONSULTING RW Beck St. Paul, MN 551
Page 242 and 243: NON- PROFIT/ADVOCACY The Minnesota
Page 244: TECHNOLOGY VENDOR Recovered Energy
Page 248 and 249: INTRODUCTION APPENDIX D : DATA SOUR
Page 250 and 251: Sweet Corn Stalks • Inventory/Ava
Page 252 and 253: Sugar Beets • Material Characteri
Page 254 and 255: Aspen 8 • Material Characteristic
Page 256 and 257: FOSSIL FUELS Minnesota Average Coal
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Biomass Feasibility Project Final Report - Xcel Energy

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