Solid Radioactive Waste Strategy Report.pdf - UK EPR

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EPR UK N° NESH-G/2008/en/0123 REV. A PAGE 48 / 257 6.3.9 Metal Maintenance Waste TABLE 11: WASTE STREAM DATASHEET FOR METAL MAINTENANCE WASTE Waste Steam Metal Maintenance Waste Waste Origin During maintenance operations a variety of metals wastes can be generated. These arise from the replacement of engineering components. Redundant metal components / equipment arising from maintenance operations in the nuclear island may be contaminated. Waste Physical Description Metal wastes will consist of components of engineering equipment that have been replaced during maintenance operations. Nature of Radioactive Material Surface contaminated metal components. Annual Arising 6 m 3 Total Arising 360 m 3 Waste Classification at Time of Generation LLW / VLLW Main Radionuclides Cobalt-58 Iron-55 Cobalt-60 Silver-110m Manganese-54 Hazardous Substances None identified.
EPR UK N° NESH-G/2008/en/0123 REV. A PAGE 49 / 257 6.4 Storage of Radioactive Waste to Allow Reclassification A major factor in the management of radioactive wastes is the time period for which they remain hazardous. It is uniquely inherent in the nature of radioactive materials that, through the passage of time, they become less radioactive. For radioactive wastes where the activity is dominated by relatively short lived isotopes, the waste can be reclassified to a lower hazard category after a suitable period of interim storage. The radioactivity of operational ILW arising from the operation of the UK EPR is dominated at the time of arising by relatively short lived radionuclides. After a period of safe interim storage, the radioactivity of some of this waste will have decayed to such levels that the waste would no longer be classified as ILW. This would present the opportunity to manage the waste as LLW. Decay storage is an important technique for the re-classification or exemption of radioactive wastes. Decay storage is often used for wastes arising from medical uses of radioactive material or for some sealed sources [Ref. 29] where the radioactive material is typically pure and has a short half-life (e.g. less than one hundred days). Decay storage is a robust strategy for waste management as it does not require any mechanical or chemical waste treatment, and thus does not generate any secondary radioactive discharges. The site operator must simply ensure that the waste is securely and safely stored for the period needed for decay. With regard to the UK EPR, some of the waste generated during operations is classified as ILW at the time of generation. The dominant radioisotopes at the time of generation in these wastes are cobalt-60 (half life of 5.27 years), caesium-137 (half life of 30.2 years) and iron-55 (half-life of 2.7 years). The design lifetime of the EPR interim waste store is 100 years, with operational wastes being interim stored for a maximum period of between 40 years (for wastes arising at the end of operations) and 100 years (for wastes arising near the beginning of operations). This storage period is greater than the half lives of the dominant radioisotopes within most operational wastes streams at the time of waste generation. A portion of the waste that is categorised as ILW at the time of generation will have decayed sufficiently during the period of interim storage on site that it could be reclassified as LLW at the time of disposal. The paragraphs below illustrate this strategy with respect to EPR operational waste arisings.
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