Solid Radioactive Waste Strategy Report.pdf - UK EPR

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EPR UK N° NESH-G/2008/en/0123 REV. A PAGE 66 / 257 7.3.9 Solid Waste Shredding A shredder will be used to reduce the volume of waste. This form of size reduction increases the mass of waste that can be placed into a container. Packaged shredded items can then be further volume reduced through supercompaction [Ref. 36]. Application · Dry solids such as paper, clothes, plastics, wood and some light metal. Advantages · Cost effective; · Easy to use; · Facilitates compaction. FIGURE 14: USE OF A SHREDDER TO TREAT SOLID WASTE 7.3.10 Solid Waste Decontamination A stationary decontamination system consists of a decontamination booth for large components and an ultrasonic bath for the decontamination of smaller components. Larger items of waste will be segregated in the decontamination booth and cleaned using high pressure water. Smaller parts will be placed directly into the ultrasonic bath. Any contaminated liquids arising from decontamination will be sent to the liquid treatment system for processing. Following treatment the decontaminated parts can be reused, classified as LLW, VLLW or exempt from regulatory control. Application · Solid waste items with surface contamination.
EPR UK N° NESH-G/2008/en/0123 REV. A PAGE 67 / 257 Advantages · Suitable for hard to reach contamination; · High decontamination factors for loose contamination. Disadvantages · Produces large volumes of waste water that must be treated. 7.3.11 Solid Waste Treatment By Melting Metal, especially redundant steel components that are within the specified activity levels, or have reduced activity levels following up-stream decontamination, can be routed to an off-site melting facility [Refs.41 and 42]. In this technique the metal is melted and dependent on its final activity level is either released as exempt from regulatory control or recycled for future use within the nuclear industry, for example as shielding blocks or cast iron waste disposal containers. Application · Metal wastes (e.g. steel components). Advantages · Can be used for volume reduction; · Removes areas of high contamination by forming a homogenised material; · The metal product may be suitable for recycling; · Concentrates radionuclides in the slag. Disadvantages · Energy and infrastructure requirements. 7.3.12 Controlled Clearance Of Solid Waste Solid wastes that have been decontaminated will be sent to a monitoring system that forms an integral part of the solid waste management process. The system is typically housed within a transport container and scans the content of a package to monitor the content for the presence of residual contamination. Once the waste under scrutiny has been verified as exempt from regulatory control, it is shipped off-site as non-radioactive material [Ref.43].
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