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Rehabilitation programme (photo by UNDP BCPR)
CHAPTER 5 TRACK C PROGRAMMING: LONG-TERM EMPLOYMENT CREATION AND INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC GROWTH Contents 5.1 Capacity development support 84 5.1.1 Introduction 84 5.1.2 Capacity development in the early recovery stage 84 5.1.3 Capacity development in the medium term 85 5.1.4 Capacity development in the long term 85 5.1.5 Addressing common pitfalls in capacity development programming86 5.2 Support for good governance 87 5.2.1 Introduction 87 5.2.2 Importance of governance for livelihoods and economic recovery 87 5.2.3 Impact of crises on governance 88 5.2.4 UNDP’s role in supporting governance in crisis and post-crisis situations 90 5.2.5 Governance programming in the assessment and early recovery stage 90 5.2.6 Programming for inclusive and participatory governance processes 91 5.2.7 Programming for institutional development 93 5.2.8 Programming for responsive, pro-poor policy development 95 (a) Priority areas for policy reform 95 (b) Fiscal policy development 96 (c) Monetary policy development 97 (d) Trade policy development 97 Within the three-track approach to programming in crisis and post-crisis situations (see section 1.3.2 above), Track C programming focuses on long-term employment creation and inclusive economic growth. A tendency to focus exclusively on the short-term is almost inevitable in the early stages of a crisis or post-crisis situation, but UNDP’s experience demonstrates that programmes in all three tracks should start early. Simultaneous and complementary programming for all three tracks will ease the translation of initial emergency interventions into economic recovery and inclusive growth. Track C interventions will typically pick up pace and become more prevalent at a relatively late stage in the recovery process. Such interventions help to strengthen the capacities, processes, institutions, and policies that are needed in order to sustain the progress achieved in Tracks A and B. Track C interventions usually entail substantial preparation and consensus building before results are realized, so the earlier they start, the better. This chapter presents the basic knowledge that UNDP has accumulated with regard to two main areas of Track C programming: capacity development support (section 5.1) and support for good governance (section 5.2). The section on capacity development considers staff retention in the public sector, professionalizing the judiciary, effectiveness and accountability of the police and security forces, recovery planning capacities of communities and local governments, the research and advocacy roles of local universities and think tanks, and other areas in which capacity development is often central to employment creation and inclusive economic growth. The governance section focuses on processes, institutions, and policies where support for reforms is often appropriate. Key governance processes include participatory assessment, the activities of participatory forums, and national-local interaction. Institutional development is considered for state institutions (including government bodies, justice sector institutions, Parliament, police and security forces, and local government bodies), civil society organizations (including NGOs, community-based organizations, and academia), the media, and the private sector. Finally, the chapter presents the areas in which policy reform is often needed, with a focus on macroeconomic policies. References and suggested further reading are provided at the end of each section.
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UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMM
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UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMM
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ii Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 READ
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iv Table of Contents BOXES 1.1 Area
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Kenyan Women Selling Products (Phot
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2 1.1 About this Guide 1.1.1 What t
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4 and local economies—contribute
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6 UNDP’s experience has shown tha
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8 1.3.2 Three-track approach to pro
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10 equality and women’s empowerme
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Community Meeting with Future Strat
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14 2.1 What information does a live
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16 Markets for goods and services
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18 tensions, access to resources an
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20 A livelihoods and economic recov
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22 face. Communities can agree with
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Crop Production for food security (
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26 3.1 Emergency employment creatio
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28 Figure 3.1 Flow chart for choosi
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30 The implementing partner recruit
Page 42 and 43: 32 Figure 3.2(a) Matrix for calcula
Page 44 and 45: 34 groups and local authorities agr
Page 46 and 47: 36 Emergency employment projects pr
Page 48 and 49: 38 References and suggested further
Page 50 and 51: 40 big risks (reputational and secu
Page 52 and 53: 42 cially important when a financia
Page 54 and 55: 44 whose enterprises are to be supp
Page 56 and 57: 46 monitoring the number of enterpr
Page 60 and 61: 50 Assessment reports, where these
Page 62 and 63: 52 Box 3.5. Summary of timesaving a
Page 64 and 65: 54 tion and transportation infrastr
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Page 70 and 71: 60 4.1 VOCATIONAL AND SKILLS TRAINI
Page 72 and 73: 62 4.1.2 (b) Identification of targ
Page 74 and 75: 64 Apprenticeship opportunities sho
Page 76 and 77: 66 have a conflict of interest with
Page 78 and 79: 68 4.2 INCLUSIVE private sector dev
Page 80 and 81: 70 grant sources. UNCDF and UNDP ha
Page 82 and 83: 72 4.2.3 (b) Suggested intervention
Page 84 and 85: 74 into a “fund for inclusive fin
Page 86 and 87: 76 4.2.3 (c) Monitoring and evaluat
Page 88 and 89: 78 legally binding agreements that
Page 90 and 91: 80 4.3 conditional cash transfers C
Page 94 and 95: 84 5.1 capacity development Support
Page 96 and 97: 86 lawyers, prosecutors, and/or gov
Page 98 and 99: 88 enabled by a secure environment.
Page 100 and 101: 90 terms of foreign exchange; at th
Page 102 and 103: 92 government officials. Such decis
Page 104 and 105: 94 • Support to national justice
Page 106 and 107: 96 policy issues involve the protec
Page 108 and 109: 98 • Strengthening the capacity o
Page 110 and 111: Women Enterpreneurship in DRC (Phot
Page 112 and 113: 102 6.1 Gender Equality and Women
Page 114 and 115: 104 Gender and the assessment proce
Page 116 and 117: 106 Table 6.1. Example of outputs,
Page 118 and 119: 108 Conflict and disaster tend to w
Page 120 and 121: 110 example is the belief in some s
Page 122 and 123: 112 Box 6.3. Kenya National Youth T
Page 124 and 125: 114 6.3.2 Programming livelihoods f
Page 126 and 127: 116 Box 6.4. Profiling for Liveliho
Page 128 and 129: 118 in ways that do no harm—bears
Page 130 and 131: Ex-Combatant running a successful r
Page 132 and 133: 122 Box 7.1. Fundamental principles
Page 134 and 135: 124 policymakers to support program
Page 136 and 137: 126 References and suggested furthe
Page 138 and 139: 128 References and suggested furthe
Page 140 and 141: 130 mobilization. When formulating
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132 For outputs, including both pro
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Men and Women Cleaning the Rubble a
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136 GUIDE ON LIVELIHOODS AND ECONOM
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138 UNDP. “Role of UNDP in Crisis
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140 Community infrastructure consis
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142 Inclusive economic growth aims
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144 Payments for ecosystem services
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146 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The developmen
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148 • Inclusive Economic Growth a
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150 York; Casper Sonesson, Policy A
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152 DAC DCED DDR DEX DFID DIM DPA D
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154 POSC PPP PRA PRS PRSP PSD PSD P
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156 ANNEX: Discussion Papers on Liv
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Livelihoods & Economic Recovery in
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