Stimulating investment in pearl farming in ... - World Fish Center

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Water Temperature and Cyclone Frequency in the Pacific: Implications for Pearl Farming Final, June 2008http://www.bom.gov.au/cgi-bin/climate/cgi_bin_scripts/tropical_cyclone.cgi. Accessed29 October 2007.Bureau of Meteorology, Australian Government (2007c). Tropical Cyclone Information forSouthern Hemisphere. http://www.bom.gov.au/cgi-bin/silo/cyclones_sh.cgiBureau of Meteorology, Australian Government (2007d). Tropical Cyclones AffectingBroome.http://www.bom.gov.au/weather/wa/cyclone/about/broome/index.shtmlAccessed 30 October 2007.Bureau of Meteorology, Australian Government (2007e). Tropical Cyclones AffectingExmouth.http://www.bom.gov.au/weather/wa/cyclone/about/exmouth/index.shtmlAccessed 30 October 2007.Bureau of Meteorology, Australian Government (2007f). Tropical Cyclones in the NorthernTerritory. http://www.bom.gov.au/weather/wa/cyclone/about/cyclonesnorthern.shtmlAccessed 30 October 2007.Bureau of Meteorology, Australian Government (2008a). Tropical Cyclones in WesternAustralia - Climatologyhttp://www.bom.gov.au/weather/wa/cyclone/about/climatology.shtmlCSIRO (2007). Climate change in Australia. Technical Report 2007. Chapter 5: Regionalclimate change projections (sea level, marine projections, severe weather, ENSO, theSouthern Annular Mode and storm tracks)http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/resources.phpCSIRO Marine Research (2003). Coastal Ocean Temperatures off WA.http://www.cmar.csiro.au/remotesensing/AlanPearce/regional/temp.htmlCumming, R.L., Toscano, M.A., Lovell, E.R., Carlson, B.A., Dulvy, N.K., Hughes, A., KovenJ.F., Quinn, N.J., Sykes, H.R., Taylor, O.J.S. and Vaughan, D. (2000). Mass coralbleaching in the Fiji Islands, 2000. In: Proceedings 9 th International Coral ReefSymposium Bali, Indonesia 23-27 October 2000 Vol. 2: pp. 1161-1167. (eds.) Moosa,M.K., S. Soemodihardjo, A. Soegiarto, K. Romimohtarto, A. Nontji, Soekarno andSuharsono.Department of Primary Industries, Western Australia (2002). Broome Boat Harbour SiteSelection Report.http://www.dpi.wa.gov.au/imarine/coastal_fac/pdf/broome/Broome-Report.pdf.Directorate of Oceanography and Meteorology, Department of Defence, Australia (2007).Surface Temperature Search Tool.http://www.metoc.gov.au/products/data/aussst.phpDoroudi, M.S., Southgate, P.C. and Mayer, R.J. (1999). The combined effects of temperatureand salinity on embryos and larvae of the black-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera(L.). Aquaculture Research 30: pp. 271-277.Emergency Management Australia (2003). EMA Schools. Categories – Cyclones.http://www.ema.gov.au/agd/ema/emaschools.nsf/Page/RWPCA72DA4EF61B6FD0CA256C5C00829C23?OpenDocumentGervis, M.H. and Sims, N.A. (1992). The biology and culture of pearl oysters (Bivalvia:Pteriidae). ICLARM Studies and Reviews 21: pp. 49.The Ecology Lab Pty Ltd – Marine and Freshwater Studies Page 21
Water Temperature and Cyclone Frequency in the Pacific: Implications for Pearl Farming Final, June 2008Hart, A.M. and Joll, L.M. (2006). Growth, mortality, recruitment and sex-ratios in wildstocks of silver-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada maxima (Jameson) (Mollusca: Pteriidae),in Western Australia. Journal of Shellfish Research 25: pp. 201-210.Hynd, J.S. (1955). A revision of Australian pearl shells, genus Pinctada (Lamellibranchia).Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 6: pp. 98-137.Jones, D.S. (2004). The Burrup Peninsula and Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia: anintroduction to the history of its discovery and study, marine habitats and their floraand fauna. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement No. 66: pp. 27–49.Leslie, L.M., Karoly, D.J., Leplastrier, M. and Buckley, B.W. (2007). Variability of tropicalcyclones over the Southwest Pacific Ocean using a high resolution climate model.Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 97: pp. 171-180.Macpherson, C. (2000). Oasis or mirage: the farming of black pearls in the northern CookIslands. Pacific Studies 23 pp.33-55.McInerney, R., Farlow, J., Henry, E., Lynch, B., Shepherd, I., Smith, T. and Cleland, S.J.(2006). Australian Meteorology Magazine 55: pp. 313-323.McKenzie, E. (2004). A cost-benefit analysis of projects implemented to assist the black pearlindustry in Manihiki Lagoon, Cook Islands. SOPAC Technical Report 371 pp. 57.Metoffice UK (undated). Sea surface temperatures for climate.http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/nwp/satellite/infrared/sst/sst_climate.htmlNASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (2007). Sea surface temperature products.http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov maintained by the NASA JPL Physical OceanographyDAAC, Pasadena, CA.NASA Oceanography (2005). Sea surface temperature.http://science.hq.nasa.gov/oceans/physical/SST.html Viewed 30 November 2007.National Atlas of the United States (2007). Article. What is AVHRR? http://wwwatlas.usgs.gov/articles/mapping/a_avhrr.html#two.Viewed 29 November 2007Neumann, C.J. (1993): "Global Overview" - Chapter 1" Global Guide to Tropical CycloneForecasting, WMO/TC-No. 560, Report No. TCP-31, World MeteorologicalOrganization; Geneva, SwitzerlandNicholls, N. (1984). The Southern Oscillation, sea-surface temperature and interannualfluctuations in Australian tropical cyclone activity. Journal of Climatology 4: pp. 661-670.NIWA (1997). Press release. 27 November 1997 El Niño predicted to cause more frequenttropical cyclones in South Pacific.http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/MET/Enso/peu/update.dir/NIWA-TCPR.htmlNOAA Coastal Services Centre (undated). Sea surface temperature. What is sea surfacetemperature? http://www.csc.noaa.gov/crs/cohab/hurricane/sst.htmNOAA (2007). NOAA Coral Reef Watch. SST/DHW Time Series and Satellite BleachingAlerts. http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/sst_series_24reefs.htmlPass, D.A., Dybdahl, R. and Mannion, M.M. (1987) Investigations into the causes ofmortality of the pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima (Jamson), in Western Australia.Aquaculture 65: pp.149-169.The Ecology Lab Pty Ltd – Marine and Freshwater Studies Page 22
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Stimulating investment in pearlfarm
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Appendix IAppendix IIAppendix IIIAp
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various project elements to describ
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PNGSolomon IsPNGCook IsVanuatuFijiF
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Figure 2. Typical coastal habitat f
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to work alongside WorldFish science
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least two weeks before the main sur
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duration of the dive, maximum botto
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3.7 Natural disastersEnvironmental
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• Legislative review is underway
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− Manning Strait islands− Suava
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incentive treatment that fits the l
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continuing to enter the market. Thi
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Provisions for further aquaculture
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• licences will relate to a parti
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species in Australia are 5 - 10 tim
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6.3 Investor’s recommendations fo
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Report on an EU project grant to th
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Summary• Historically, the blackl
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1. IntroductionBlacklip pearl oyste
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3. Nationwide surveysIn May-June 20
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10 spat collectors were attached at
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On a local scale, it was found that
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3025Normalised catch201510500 2 4 6
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30Spat collector -125201510a. NoroL
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Figure 10. The number of Cymatium,
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Figure 11. Intermediate culture tra
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% survival10090HatcheryWild80706050
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Thus, under the regime developed in
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7.3 Retention and mortality after s
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7.5 Seeding of hatchery-produced sp
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have used average values of $25, $3
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9. ReferencesBraley, R.D. 1997. Fin
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depend mainly on the quality of the
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Report to:World Fish CenterSuitabil
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Suitability of Habitats for Growth
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Page 98 and 99: Suitability of Habitats for Growth
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Abundance, Size Structure and Quali
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Report on an EU project grant to th
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1. Governance and political stabili
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Despite its present weaknesses, eff
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payments, but the authorities have
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to recede and presumably vanish und
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outcome is far from certain. There
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existing links, at locations within
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6. Forms of co-investment6.1 Partne
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8. Taxation and incentives8.1 Direc
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10. Labour laws10.1 Foreign workers
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GILLETT, PRESTON AND ASSOCIATES INC
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Page 21. EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPearl far
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Page 42. BACKGROUNDPast research su
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Page 6million; in 2002, it exported
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Page 8the bead in an even, uniform
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Page 10alternative products. Most m
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Page 12fisheries-related activities
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Page 144.3. PolicyThe current gover
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5.2. Stocking densityPage 16Mature
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Page 18or harmful fouling organisms
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Page 20In addition to licensing und
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Page 22Much of this work will have
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Page 24provide them with technical
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Page 26management, disease control,
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Page 28Ministry of Development Plan
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Page 30‘seeding’ means the impl
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Page 326. Provision of statistical
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Page 3414. Aggrieved person may app
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Page 36Division V. Importation, mov
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Page 38(2) Separate fees are payabl
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Page 40Other forms of government su
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Page 42Solomon IslandsPEARL FARMING
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