Stimulating investment in pearl farming in ... - World Fish Center

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$20 per harvested pearl. The evaluation (Appendix 1) does, however, suggest that thevalue and size of the pearls could be expected to increase as production proceeds.The low value is reflected in the large proportion of pearls with low lustre, moderateto heavy pitting and poor (non-round) shape.Table 6. Yield of pearls for various seedings and categories of oyster.Seeding Shell Type NumberoperationsNumberpearls% Pearl Averageweight (g)1997 Virgin 1644 886 54 ?1999 Virgin 1494 912 61 1.481 st re-seed 695 490 70 1.762000 Virgin 1292 338 26 1.681 st re-seed 506 463 81 1.602 nd re-seed 157 88 56 2.89Keishi re-seed 77 44 57 1.84Table 7. Properties of pearls grown at the Nusa Tupe research station extracted fromtwo commercial evaluations. All are given as percentage of total crop evaluated. The1997 seeding yielded 886 pearls for assessment and from the 1999 seeding 514.Property Category 1997 1999Value None 17 61Low 82 39Moderate
7.5 Seeding of hatchery-produced spatA single trial seeding of 400 hatchery reared oysters was attempted. Unfortunatelythis was in 2002, when overall seeding results were very poor. Overall, the hatcheryderivedshell suffered a 68% nucleus rejection (compared to 57% for wild-caughtspat) and a 23% post-operative mortality (compared to 21% in wild spat).7.6 Improving yield from Solomon Island pearl farmsThe rate of growth of blacklip pearl oysters in Solomon Islands appears to be fasterthan at some other pearling locations. This may relate to the more fertile water (morerun-off and upwelling close to the large landmasses) and the near-constant warmtemperatures. This growth advantage may allow two strategies to be considered forSolomon Islands. Firstly, the size at first seeding could be increased, potentiallyallowing a larger bead to be inserted. By delaying from first reaching 100 mm to thesecond October after spat was collected, the shell is likely to have grown to >130 mm.Secondly the high rate of growth is also likely to apply to the pearl itself, and it maybe possible to harvest the pearl earlier than at other sites, perhaps after less than oneyear, which is likely to improve the chance of a round, low-blemish pearl with goodlustre.8. Bio-economic model of pearl farming in SolomonIslandsIn 1997, Friedman et al. prepared a draft budget for pearl farming in Solomon Islandsas part of a report to ACIAR (Friedman et al., 1997). This was based on the bestbiological and economical information available at the time, and was for a farmdeploying 5000 spat collectors every year and employing up to six staff (manager,foreman and four labourers). The model considered start-up and operating costs,together with pearl yield and value, and predicted that a profit would be returned aftersix years of operation, that would rise to over AUD1m after 10 years. It assumes thatthe pearl company would undertake all operations, from spat collector deployment topearl harvesting, using a contracted seeding technician. No costs were included forrental of onshore land for construction of facilities, nor costs of agreements withowners of foreshore and seabed for use of the customary land. These issues will becovered in subsequent reports from this project, dealing with conditions of operatingbusinesses in Solomon Islands, policy and legislation.In hindsight, and with the benefit of more data, several of the parameters, bothbiological and economic, that were used in the budget can be improved on, changesthat affect the net outcome of the budgeting exercise in both directions. As aconclusion to this review, we have revisited the Friedman budget and attempted to useupdated values for key parameters. Table 8 shows how most of the biologicalparameters, that is the parameters that relate to the performance of oysters, have beenadjusted downwards.23
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Stimulating investment in pearlfarm
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Appendix IAppendix IIAppendix IIIAp
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various project elements to describ
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PNGSolomon IsPNGCook IsVanuatuFijiF
Page 9 and 10: Figure 2. Typical coastal habitat f
Page 11 and 12: to work alongside WorldFish science
Page 13 and 14: least two weeks before the main sur
Page 15 and 16: duration of the dive, maximum botto
Page 17 and 18: 3.7 Natural disastersEnvironmental
Page 19 and 20: • Legislative review is underway
Page 21 and 22: − Manning Strait islands− Suava
Page 23 and 24: incentive treatment that fits the l
Page 25 and 26: continuing to enter the market. Thi
Page 27 and 28: Provisions for further aquaculture
Page 29 and 30: • licences will relate to a parti
Page 31 and 32: species in Australia are 5 - 10 tim
Page 33 and 34: 6.3 Investor’s recommendations fo
Page 35 and 36: Report on an EU project grant to th
Page 37 and 38: Summary• Historically, the blackl
Page 39 and 40: 1. IntroductionBlacklip pearl oyste
Page 41 and 42: 3. Nationwide surveysIn May-June 20
Page 43 and 44: 10 spat collectors were attached at
Page 45 and 46: On a local scale, it was found that
Page 47 and 48: 3025Normalised catch201510500 2 4 6
Page 49 and 50: 30Spat collector -125201510a. NoroL
Page 51 and 52: Figure 10. The number of Cymatium,
Page 53 and 54: Figure 11. Intermediate culture tra
Page 55 and 56: % survival10090HatcheryWild80706050
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Page 59: 7.3 Retention and mortality after s
Page 63 and 64: have used average values of $25, $3
Page 65 and 66: 9. ReferencesBraley, R.D. 1997. Fin
Page 67 and 68: depend mainly on the quality of the
Page 69 and 70: Report to:World Fish CenterSuitabil
Page 71 and 72: Suitability of Habitats for Growth
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Suitability of Habitats for Growth
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Report to:World Fish CenterWater Te
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Water Temperature and Cyclone Frequ
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Report on an EU project grant to th
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1. Governance and political stabili
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Despite its present weaknesses, eff
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payments, but the authorities have
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to recede and presumably vanish und
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outcome is far from certain. There
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existing links, at locations within
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6. Forms of co-investment6.1 Partne
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8. Taxation and incentives8.1 Direc
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10. Labour laws10.1 Foreign workers
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GILLETT, PRESTON AND ASSOCIATES INC
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Page 21. EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPearl far
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Page 42. BACKGROUNDPast research su
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Page 6million; in 2002, it exported
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Page 8the bead in an even, uniform
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Page 10alternative products. Most m
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Page 12fisheries-related activities
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Page 144.3. PolicyThe current gover
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5.2. Stocking densityPage 16Mature
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Page 18or harmful fouling organisms
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Page 20In addition to licensing und
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Page 22Much of this work will have
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Page 24provide them with technical
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Page 26management, disease control,
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Page 28Ministry of Development Plan
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Page 30‘seeding’ means the impl
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Page 326. Provision of statistical
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Page 3414. Aggrieved person may app
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Page 36Division V. Importation, mov
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Page 38(2) Separate fees are payabl
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Page 40Other forms of government su
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Page 42Solomon IslandsPEARL FARMING
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