Stimulating investment in pearl farming in ... - World Fish Center

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Abundance, Size Structure and Quality of Silver-lip Pearl Oysters in the Solomon Islands Final, June 2008The Ecology Lab Pty Ltd – Marine and Freshwater StudiesTABLE OF CONTENTSSummary ................................................................................................................................................i1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................11.1 Background and Aims...............................................................................................................11.2 Existing Information..................................................................................................................21.2.1 History of Exploitation.......................................................................................................21.2.2 Pearl Oyster Cultivation.....................................................................................................31.2.3 Previous Surveys of Pearl Oyster Stocks .........................................................................32.0 Study Methods ..............................................................................................................................52.1 Preliminary Investigations and Site Selection.......................................................................52.1.1 Pre-Survey Visit to Island Communities ........................................................................52.1.2 Current Exploitation..........................................................................................................52.1.3 Site Selection .......................................................................................................................52.2 Underwater Visual Census......................................................................................................62.3 Remote Video Census...............................................................................................................62.4 Statistical Methods....................................................................................................................72.5 Estimates of Population Size ...................................................................................................73.0 Results..............................................................................................................................................83.1 Recent and Ongoing Exploitation of Pearl Oysters..............................................................83.1.1. Recent and Ongoing Exploitation....................................................................................83.1.2 Current Distribution ..........................................................................................................83.2 Underwater Visual Census......................................................................................................93.2.1 Abundance ..........................................................................................................................93.2.2 Population Size Structure..................................................................................................93.2.3 Quality and Colour of shell and nacre ............................................................................93.3 Remote Video Census.............................................................................................................103.4 Estimates of Population Size .................................................................................................104.0 Discussion ....................................................................................................................................125.0 Conclusions..................................................................................................................................156.0 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................167.0 References ....................................................................................................................................17Tables ...................................................................................................................................................20Figures .................................................................................................................................................24Plates....................................................................................................................................................36Appendices .........................................................................................................................................40
Abundance, Size Structure and Quality of Silver-lip Pearl Oysters in the Solomon Islands Final, June 2008SUMMARYThe European Union has funded a project entitled ‘Stimulating investment in pearl farmingin the Solomon Islands’. The objective of this project is to provide offshore pearl companieswith sufficient information to determine the potential for long-term investment in pearlfarming in the Solomon Islands. The WorldFish Centre sub-contracted The Ecology Lab Ptyto:• participate in underwater visual census and remote video census of the majorhistorical fishing grounds for silver-lip pearl oysters (Pinctada maxima) in theSolomon Islands;• analyse data from these surveys and calculate the abundance of silver-lip pearloyster stocks, the number of sustainable quotas of silver-lip pearl oysters that couldbe allocated for pearl farming and the proportion of oysters at each site with thepreferred silver nacre; and• prepare a report describing the results of the surveys and analyses performed.Divers equipped with surface-supplied compressed air (hookah) conducted visual censusesof silver-lip oyster stocks on eight historical fishing grounds: Malaita, Marau Sound, MboliPassage, Sandfly Passage, Telina Island, Kia and Waghina. These censuses were based on ahierarchical sampling design with four randomly-positioned transects being swum at threeseparate sites within each location. Individual sites with these locations were based oninterviews with fishers who had previously taken part in commercial pearl collection. Basedon those interviews, all locations had and still do support silver-lip pearl oysters, butexploitation was best developed at Kia and Waghina.Silver-lip pearl oysters were found on 33 of the 96 transects surveyed, yielding a total of 117oysters. Waghina, Kia and Mboli Passage (Narula Passage) had the largest populations,with mean densities of 1.23 ± 0.38, 1.03 ± 0.27 and 0.66 ± 0.27 pearl oysters per 400m 2transect. Pearl oysters were not found at Mbili Passage and Telina and were scarce (i.e. hadan average density of
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Stimulating investment in pearlfarm
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Appendix IAppendix IIAppendix IIIAp
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various project elements to describ
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PNGSolomon IsPNGCook IsVanuatuFijiF
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Figure 2. Typical coastal habitat f
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to work alongside WorldFish science
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least two weeks before the main sur
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duration of the dive, maximum botto
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3.7 Natural disastersEnvironmental
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• Legislative review is underway
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− Manning Strait islands− Suava
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incentive treatment that fits the l
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continuing to enter the market. Thi
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Provisions for further aquaculture
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• licences will relate to a parti
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species in Australia are 5 - 10 tim
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6.3 Investor’s recommendations fo
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Report on an EU project grant to th
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Summary• Historically, the blackl
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1. IntroductionBlacklip pearl oyste
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3. Nationwide surveysIn May-June 20
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10 spat collectors were attached at
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On a local scale, it was found that
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3025Normalised catch201510500 2 4 6
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30Spat collector -125201510a. NoroL
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Figure 10. The number of Cymatium,
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Figure 11. Intermediate culture tra
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% survival10090HatcheryWild80706050
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Thus, under the regime developed in
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7.3 Retention and mortality after s
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7.5 Seeding of hatchery-produced sp
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have used average values of $25, $3
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9. ReferencesBraley, R.D. 1997. Fin
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depend mainly on the quality of the
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Report to:World Fish CenterSuitabil
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Suitability of Habitats for Growth
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Report to:World Fish CenterWater Te
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Water Temperature and Cyclone Frequ
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1. Governance and political stabili
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Despite its present weaknesses, eff
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payments, but the authorities have
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to recede and presumably vanish und
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outcome is far from certain. There
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existing links, at locations within
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6. Forms of co-investment6.1 Partne
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8. Taxation and incentives8.1 Direc
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10. Labour laws10.1 Foreign workers
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GILLETT, PRESTON AND ASSOCIATES INC
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Page 21. EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPearl far
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Page 42. BACKGROUNDPast research su
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Page 6million; in 2002, it exported
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Page 8the bead in an even, uniform
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Page 10alternative products. Most m
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Page 12fisheries-related activities
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Page 144.3. PolicyThe current gover
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5.2. Stocking densityPage 16Mature
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Page 18or harmful fouling organisms
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Page 20In addition to licensing und
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Page 22Much of this work will have
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Page 24provide them with technical
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Page 26management, disease control,
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Page 28Ministry of Development Plan
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Page 30‘seeding’ means the impl
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Page 326. Provision of statistical
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Page 3414. Aggrieved person may app
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Page 36Division V. Importation, mov
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Page 38(2) Separate fees are payabl
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Page 40Other forms of government su
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Page 42Solomon IslandsPEARL FARMING
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