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Assessment and Future Directions of Nonlinear Model Predictive ...

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148 M. Srinivasarao, S.C. Patwardhan, <strong>and</strong> R.D. GudiC b(mol/l)0.560.540.520.50.48ProcessSetpointMeasurements40 60 80 100 120 140Cai (mol/l)1.31.21.110.9Step40 60 80 100 120 140Sampling instantFig. 3. Regulatory responses <strong>of</strong> multi-rate NMPCC b(mol/Lt)0.50.450.4ProcessSetpointMeasured50 100 150 200 2500.17Level(m)0.160.150.1450 100 150 200 250Sampling instantFig. 4. Servo responses <strong>of</strong> multi-rate NMPCThe identified NOE+NARMA was further used to formulate an multi-rateNMPC scheme. The NMPC controls reactor level (h) <strong>and</strong> reactor concentration(C b ) by manipulating inlet flow rate (F i ) <strong>and</strong> inlet feed temperature (T i ). Ourmain focus here was to asses the regulatory <strong>and</strong> servo performances <strong>of</strong> the proposedNMPC scheme. The operating point was chosen as the peak point, whichis a singular point where steady state gain reduces to zero <strong>and</strong> changes it signacross the peak point. The simulations studies are carried out with predictionhorizon <strong>of</strong> p = 40,control horizon <strong>of</strong> q =1,W u = I <strong>and</strong> W e = diag [ 1 100 ] .Toassess the regulatory performance, we introduce a step jump in the input concentrationat 50 th sampling instant <strong>of</strong> magnitude 0.15. From Figure 3, it can beobserved that the controller quickly rejects the step jump in (C ai ) <strong>and</strong> maintainthe concentration at the desired setpoint. The servo performance <strong>of</strong> the NMPC,

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