Signalman 1 & C - Historic Naval Ships Association

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Figure 8-1.—Locating a ship by use of the formation plot.LOOKOUT DUTIESLEARNING OBJECTIVES: Explain theimportance of maintaining a good visuallookout. Define night vision and darkadaptation.On every ship, the lookout has an extremelyimportant job. A Signalman's duties also requirekeeping a sharp lookout. As a matter of pride, theSignalman should be the first to sight and identifyobjects, even on ships with an assigned lookoutteam.A good lookout has to be plenty sharp on a lot ofthings. Not only must lookouts be able to sight andidentify objects, but they must be able to report themcorrectly, using relative bearings, distances, targetangles, and in the case of aircraft, position angles.Report everything you observe; a normal tendency isto hesitate until you are certain an actual contact hasbeen sighted. Do not hesitate. Many importantsightings have been made on hunches.Navy radar is the best that can be built; but thereare many things that even radar cannot always detect,such as small buoys, planes low on the water, smalllife rafts and flares, and many other kinds of danger tonavigation. There have been a number of occasions8-4
where persons have fallen overboard and have beensaved because of the timely action of a good lookout.Also, as a Signalman, you must be familiar withthe international distress signals (covered in chapter6). Recognition of ships and aircraft, both U.S. andforeign, is another important part of your duties(covered in chapter 13).You also have to know the different aids tonavigation and their purposes; and naturally, as aSignalman, you must keep a sharp eye on the ships incompany for signals. It sounds like a tough job, and ifdone correctly, it is. But remember, it is a part of yourjob, so apply yourself.NIGHT VISIONIf you were to go on night watch directly from alighted compartment, you would be almost blind for afew minutes. As your eyes become accustomed to theweak light, your vision gradually improves. After 10minutes you can see fairly well. After 30 minutes youreach your best night vision. This improvement ofvision in dim light is called dark adaptation.DARK ADAPTATIONEffective dark adaptation must be planned well inadvance. Exposure to excessive glare during the daywill hamper the ability of the eyes to adapt to the dark.This effect may last for several days if severe;therefore, you should wear sunglasses as much aspossible in the daylight.Dark adaptation before going on watch consists ofspending at least 30 minutes in darkness or with theeyes protected by red goggles. Wearing red goggles iseffective because red light does not affect the eyes. Tocomplete adaptation for a night watch, spend 5minutes on deck before relieving the watch. These 5minutes allow your eyes to adjust to the amount ofillumination in which they will work.Once you have your night vision, be careful thatyou do not ruin the effect by looking into a white light.If you have to record a message or make a log entry,always use a light with a red lens. Dim red light doesnot spoil your night vision.Lookout duties, and reporting procedures arediscussed in the training manuals Basic MilitaryRequirements and Lookout Training Handbook.LOGS AND FILESLEARNING OBJECTIVE: Explain proceduresfor maintaining the visual communications log,the visual station file, and the watch-to-watchinventory.Naval Telecommunications Procedures FleetCommunications, NTP 4, requires that an accurate andcomplete record be maintained of all events that occurduring each watch. Included in these records are visuallogs, visual station files, and publications custody logsfor the purpose of maintaining accuratewatch-to-watch publication inventories.VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS LOGThe visual communications log is maintained in aledger-type record book or other bound book printedfor that purpose. The visual log will contain acomplete, accurate, and chronological record of allvisual traffic except operator-to-operator ZWC andservice messages that do not contain the prosign BTsent and received by the command.The visual log is to be safeguarded and maintainedby the watch supervisor when the visual watch is set,and by the duty Signalman or person qualified as theduty Signalman when the visual watch is not set.Before assigning any security classification to thevisual log, consult OPNAVINST 5510.1.The visual log is retained and disposed ofaccording to the SECNAVINST 5212.5 (Disposal ofNavy and Marine Corps Records). At the minimum,the visual log must be retained for 1 month. However,the visual log may be disposed of when the ship isdecommissioned provided the log does not meet anyof the special criteria specified in SECNAVINST5212.5.Visual Log GuidelinesThe guidelines for the visual log entries are basedupon usages. The following guidelines do not coverevery situation. For situations not covered, goodjudgment by the watch supervisor or duty Signalmanshould suffice.Use black ink and print legibly.Leave no blank spaces between lines.8-5
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NONRESIDENTTRAININGCOURSEJuly 1996S
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COMMANDING OFFICERNETPDTC6490 SAUFL
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PREFACEBy enrolling in this self-st
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CONTENTSCHAPTERPAGE1. Introduction
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PASS/FAIL ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURESIf y
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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL COM
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Phonetic AlphabetSome of the words
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SPOTTERThe spotter is the most valu
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CLASSIFICATIONCommunications Proced
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CHAPTER 2SIGNAL EQUIPMENTBefore Sig
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Five resistors are connected in par
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Because the lamp contains gas under
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Figure 2-7.—AN/SAT 2 infrared tra
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Figure 2-10.—Power conversion uni
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You were born with the finest optic
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assembly. Take care to keep lubrica
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The following steps are required to
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eye. Each eyepiece is adjustable th
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you may hear the sound of gas escap
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Figure 2-23.—Measuring and taping
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Page 2-24.Figure 2-24.—Completing
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off the remaining tail at this poin
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granted by the officer of the deck
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ADDRESS OF MESSAGEMost messages hav
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Figure 3-3.—Parts of a naval mess
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Figure 3-4.—The precedence of a m
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abbreviated service messages, the B
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Standing alone, prosign C means “
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Voice Call SignsVoice call signs ar
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Figure 3-6.—Numeral pennant call
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SHIPS' BOATS.—The following visua
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types of messages that you will be
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with other civil stations unless it
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Call SignsThe following call signs
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When required, a full answer, consi
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To request repetition of the second
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3. The aircraft should be maneuvere
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the receiving station follows suit
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SECURITYIn the interest of security
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ooks are transmitted by voice radio
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Table4-2.—Prowords—ContinuedPRO
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Table 4-2.-Prowords—ContinuedPROW
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EXECUTIVE METHODThe executive metho
Page 93 and 94: CHAPTER 5ALLIED FLAGHOIST PROCEDURE
Page 95 and 96: Figure 5-2.—Numeral pennants; spe
Page 97 and 98: More information on the hoisting of
Page 99 and 100: to the addressees or to the OTC if
Page 101 and 102: Example:If a junior commanding offi
Page 103 and 104: The SCREEN pennant is spoken, writt
Page 105 and 106: The letter N is also used for minus
Page 107 and 108: executive signal will be made by li
Page 109 and 110: CHAPTER 6INTERNATIONAL SIGNALINGIn
Page 111 and 112: Flashing light or sound signaling:
Page 113 and 114: CallingThe identity signal of the s
Page 115 and 116: These examples illustrate the conve
Page 117 and 118: Figure 6-1.—Morse signaling by ha
Page 119 and 120: 5. MISCELLANEOUS6. METEOROLOGY—WE
Page 121 and 122: Figure 6-2.—Distress signals.A si
Page 123 and 124: Figure 6-3.—Lifesaving signals (p
Page 125 and 126: Figure 6-3.—Lifesaving signals (p
Page 127 and 128: signal is not hoisted to the dip; i
Page 129 and 130: CHAPTER 7CONVOY COMMUNICATIONSAltho
Page 131 and 132: Ships that pass through the MERZONE
Page 133 and 134: Figure 7-1.—Convoy formation grid
Page 135 and 136: TAKING UP FORMATIONWhen forming a c
Page 137 and 138: RADIOTELEGRAPHRadiotelegraph messag
Page 139 and 140: CHAPTER 8WATCHSTANDING DUTIESVisual
Page 141: Signalmen must be alert to respond
Page 145 and 146: Figure 8-2.—Visual communications
Page 147 and 148: Figure 8-3.—Watch-to-watch invent
Page 149 and 150: SIGNALTable 8-2.—Signals from a S
Page 151 and 152: Figure 8-4.-Vari-color signal illum
Page 153 and 154: Multipurpose LampWhen using the por
Page 155 and 156: Approach ShipThe approach ship main
Page 157 and 158: Figure 8-7.—Transfer-station mark
Page 159 and 160: CHAPTER 9NAVIGATIONAL DUTIESNavigat
Page 161 and 162: possible, then, to obtain relative
Page 163 and 164: distance on a Mercator chart, one m
Page 165 and 166: periodical announces new nautical c
Page 167 and 168: CLASS ABBREVIATION GENERAL DESCRIPT
Page 169 and 170: Sectors may be only a few degrees w
Page 171 and 172: Figure 9-12.—IALA Maritime Buoyag
Page 173 and 174: is used to describe any buoy that i
Page 175 and 176: TopmarksBy day, topmarks are the mo
Page 177 and 178: -Spoil ground marksMilitary exercis
Page 179 and 180: Head-on SituationWhen two ships mee
Page 181 and 182: Figure 9-22.—Pilot vessel, under
Page 183 and 184: Figure 9-24.—Towing vessels less
Page 185 and 186: Dredging/Underwater OperationWhen a
Page 187 and 188: Figure 9-28.—Pushing ahead or tow
Page 189 and 190: INTERNATIONALMAKING WAYINLANDMAKING
Page 191 and 192: CHAPTER 10HONORS AND CEREMONIESFrom
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When displayed with foreign ensigns
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way do not half-mast the ensign alt
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Figure 10-2.—Personal flags and c
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concerned, or the senior officer pr
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commission that has no flag officer
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BOAT HAILSBoat hails are used durin
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PresidentTable 10-4.—Passing Hono
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termination of the call, ruffles an
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Page 10-19Figure 10-5.—Personal f
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RED CROSS FLAGThe Red Cross (Geneva
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NOTEOn a flagship where the command
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Formulate and coordinate the comman
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such as “This page is unclassifie
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assigned duties. Personnel authoriz
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Precautionary measures must be take
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In setting a combination, numbers s
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have served their purposes, or are
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ehind pictures and radiators, and u
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A person about to be relieved will
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security should holdings fall into
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would be suitable for use as a seco
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These craft are capable of beaching
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CONTROL AREASLine of Departure (LOD
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station by displaying the designate
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ASSISTANT BOAT GROUPCOMMANDER (ABGC
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Figure l2-8.—Beach flags, markers
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Figure 12-9.—Standard flags and i
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a. Ships, Boats, and Landing CraftC
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In addition to megaphone, radio, an
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circle to the beach. The last 1,000
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Transmit the grid position using le
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Figure 12-16.—Arm and hand contro
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Figure 12-16.—Arm and band contro
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completed. At the end of start and
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wingspan provides the final clue fo
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Figure 13-8.—Fuselage shapesFigur
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SURFACE SHIPSThere are many types o
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Figure 13-13.—Classes of cruisers
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Figure 13-16.—Classes of frigates
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Figure 13-19.—Recognition silhoue
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Figure 13-19.—Recognition silhoue
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Figure 13-22.—Modern submarine.on
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Figure 13-24.—Sail placementFigur
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Figure 13-26.—Appearance groups.T
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Deckhouses are not raised. An islan
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Figure 13-32.—Types of king posts
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Figure 13-35.—Types of funnels.Fi
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CHAPTER 14TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIONV
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the text on a page and improper cla
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From: Communications OfficerTo: All
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APPENDIX IGLOSSARYABEAM—Bearing 9
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PRECEDENCE—The relative order in
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Figure AII-1.—Formation of charac
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Drill 6This exercise contains all t
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Figure AII-2.—Semaphore alphabet
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Drill 2Practice sending and receivi
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APPENDIX IIIREFERENCE LISTChapter 1
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Replenishment at Sea, NWP 14, Chief
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Clearances, 11-4access, 11-6eligibi
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Flashing light procedure—Continue
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Radiotelephone—Continuedgeneral p
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Assignment QuestionsInformation: Th
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1-12. The multipurpose light is des
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1-40. What does an overscore over a
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1-65.1-66.1-67.1-68.1-69.1-70.In vi
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2-13. By which of the following mea
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2-40.2-41.2-42.2-43.What maneuver f
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2-66. What signals are reserved for
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3-12.3-13.3-14.3-15.3-16.3-17.You a
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3-38. What term denotes the positio
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3-63. You observe the following lig
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4-11.4-12.4-13.Your ship is receivi
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4-37.4-38.4-39.4-40.4-41.4-42.The O
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4-64.4-65.Grades assigned to exerci
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Signalman 1 & C - Historic Naval Ships Association

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