Signalman 1 & C - Historic Naval Ships Association

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Figure 13-24.—Sail placementFigure 13-25.—Bow profiles.group is composed of conversions and experimentalprototypes that bridge the gap between the irregularshapes of World War II versions and the streamlinedsails of the nuclear age. If the sail topline is brokenand has an obvious step measuring one-fourth of thegroup sail height or more, it falls within groups 7through 9 (fig. 13-23), depending on the position ofthe sail.TYPES OF SUBMARINESFor the purpose of our discussion, we willcategorize submarines into three distinct groups:attack, cruise missile, and ballistic. All three groupscan be either conventionally powered (diesel/electric)or nuclear-powered.13-18
Attack SubmarinesAttack submarines (SS and SSN) are usedprimarily against shipping, both surface andsubsurface. These submarines are designed for speedand maneuverability. Attack submarines use torpedotubes, usually located forward and aft, to launchtorpedoes, mines, and missiles.Cruise Missile SubmarinesCruise missile submarines (SSG and SSGN) aredesigned primarily to attack surface ships. Theirarmament usually consists of surface-to-surfaceantiship missiles, torpedoes, and mines.Ballistic Missile SubmarinesBallistic missile submarines (SSB and SSBN) areprobably the most notorious of all submarines.Ballistic missile submarines usually maintain constantpatrols that place their long-range surface-to-surfacemissiles within range of intended targets, such asmajor military and industrial installations.MERCHANT SHIP IDENTIFICATIONLEARNING OBJECTIVE: Explain theprocedures for the identification of merchantships, including appearance groups, hull types,and sequence of uprights.As a <strong>Signalman</strong>, you must be able to identify andreport the various types of merchant ships. Thepurpose of this section is to acquaint you with theprimary identification features unique to merchantships. The two primary publications that will help youin your identification of merchant ships are MerchantMarine Identification Guide—World and theCommunist Merchant Marine Identification Guide.Any system used for identifying and reportingmerchant ships during peacetime must be adaptable towartime as well. Such ordinary aids to identificationas stack markings, hull and superstructure paintcombinations, striping, and house flags (all of whichare of great assistance in peacetime identification) areeasily camouflaged or painted over. Consequently, wemust rely on those physical characteristics that arereadily seen and difficult to alter or disguise.IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURESTo identify a merchant ship, you must classify itby appearance group, hull type, and upright sequence.The appearance group is determined by the size,shape, and location of the superstructure. The hull typeis determined by the shape of the hull and the numberand location of islands. The upright sequence includesthe identification and location of the masts, gantries,king posts, cranes, and funnels. Using these featuresand consulting Merchant Marine IdentificationGuide—World and Communist Merchant MarineIdentification Guide, you can identify a merchant shipquickly and accurately.APPEARANCE GROUPThe size, shape, and location of the superstructureon merchant ships depend on the functions of the ship.This identification feature is used to place the ship inone of three appearance groups (fig. 13-26.)Group 1Group 1 is the large superstructure appearancegroup. The superstructure exceeds one-third theoverall length of the ship. Passenger ships generallybelong in this group.Group 2Group 2 is the composite superstructure. Thecomposite superstructure is located amidships and isless than one-third the overall length. These shipsgenerally have a small blocklike superstructure withdeck spaces devoted to cargo-handling equipment andhatches.Group 3Group 3 is stack aft. Stack aft means ships withfunnels located within the after-third of the ship.However, if the superstructure exceeds one-third theoverall length, the ship will be in appearance group 1.HULL TYPE<strong>Ships</strong> in appearance group 1 are placed under hulltype 1. The determination of hull type for ships inappearance groups 2 and 3 is based on hull profile.Table 13-1 is a matrix of hull profiles and appearancegroups that reflects hull-type numbers.13-19
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NONRESIDENTTRAININGCOURSEJuly 1996S
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COMMANDING OFFICERNETPDTC6490 SAUFL
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PREFACEBy enrolling in this self-st
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CONTENTSCHAPTERPAGE1. Introduction
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PASS/FAIL ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURESIf y
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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL COM
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Phonetic AlphabetSome of the words
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SPOTTERThe spotter is the most valu
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CLASSIFICATIONCommunications Proced
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CHAPTER 2SIGNAL EQUIPMENTBefore Sig
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Five resistors are connected in par
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Because the lamp contains gas under
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Figure 2-7.—AN/SAT 2 infrared tra
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Figure 2-10.—Power conversion uni
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You were born with the finest optic
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assembly. Take care to keep lubrica
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The following steps are required to
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eye. Each eyepiece is adjustable th
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you may hear the sound of gas escap
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Figure 2-23.—Measuring and taping
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Page 2-24.Figure 2-24.—Completing
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off the remaining tail at this poin
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granted by the officer of the deck
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ADDRESS OF MESSAGEMost messages hav
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Figure 3-3.—Parts of a naval mess
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Figure 3-4.—The precedence of a m
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abbreviated service messages, the B
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Standing alone, prosign C means “
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Voice Call SignsVoice call signs ar
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Figure 3-6.—Numeral pennant call
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SHIPS' BOATS.—The following visua
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types of messages that you will be
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with other civil stations unless it
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Call SignsThe following call signs
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When required, a full answer, consi
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To request repetition of the second
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3. The aircraft should be maneuvere
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the receiving station follows suit
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SECURITYIn the interest of security
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ooks are transmitted by voice radio
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Table4-2.—Prowords—ContinuedPRO
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Table 4-2.-Prowords—ContinuedPROW
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EXECUTIVE METHODThe executive metho
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CHAPTER 5ALLIED FLAGHOIST PROCEDURE
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Figure 5-2.—Numeral pennants; spe
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More information on the hoisting of
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to the addressees or to the OTC if
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Example:If a junior commanding offi
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The SCREEN pennant is spoken, writt
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The letter N is also used for minus
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executive signal will be made by li
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CHAPTER 6INTERNATIONAL SIGNALINGIn
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Flashing light or sound signaling:
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CallingThe identity signal of the s
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These examples illustrate the conve
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Figure 6-1.—Morse signaling by ha
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5. MISCELLANEOUS6. METEOROLOGY—WE
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Figure 6-2.—Distress signals.A si
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Figure 6-3.—Lifesaving signals (p
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Figure 6-3.—Lifesaving signals (p
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signal is not hoisted to the dip; i
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CHAPTER 7CONVOY COMMUNICATIONSAltho
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Ships that pass through the MERZONE
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Figure 7-1.—Convoy formation grid
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TAKING UP FORMATIONWhen forming a c
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RADIOTELEGRAPHRadiotelegraph messag
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CHAPTER 8WATCHSTANDING DUTIESVisual
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Signalmen must be alert to respond
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where persons have fallen overboard
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Figure 8-2.—Visual communications
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Figure 8-3.—Watch-to-watch invent
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SIGNALTable 8-2.—Signals from a S
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Figure 8-4.-Vari-color signal illum
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Multipurpose LampWhen using the por
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Approach ShipThe approach ship main
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Figure 8-7.—Transfer-station mark
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CHAPTER 9NAVIGATIONAL DUTIESNavigat
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possible, then, to obtain relative
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distance on a Mercator chart, one m
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periodical announces new nautical c
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CLASS ABBREVIATION GENERAL DESCRIPT
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Sectors may be only a few degrees w
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Figure 9-12.—IALA Maritime Buoyag
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is used to describe any buoy that i
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TopmarksBy day, topmarks are the mo
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-Spoil ground marksMilitary exercis
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Head-on SituationWhen two ships mee
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Figure 9-22.—Pilot vessel, under
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Figure 9-24.—Towing vessels less
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Dredging/Underwater OperationWhen a
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Figure 9-28.—Pushing ahead or tow
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INTERNATIONALMAKING WAYINLANDMAKING
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CHAPTER 10HONORS AND CEREMONIESFrom
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When displayed with foreign ensigns
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way do not half-mast the ensign alt
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Figure 10-2.—Personal flags and c
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concerned, or the senior officer pr
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commission that has no flag officer
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BOAT HAILSBoat hails are used durin
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PresidentTable 10-4.—Passing Hono
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termination of the call, ruffles an
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Page 10-19Figure 10-5.—Personal f
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RED CROSS FLAGThe Red Cross (Geneva
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NOTEOn a flagship where the command
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Formulate and coordinate the comman
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such as “This page is unclassifie
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assigned duties. Personnel authoriz
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Precautionary measures must be take
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In setting a combination, numbers s
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have served their purposes, or are
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ehind pictures and radiators, and u
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A person about to be relieved will
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Page 234 and 235: would be suitable for use as a seco
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Page 238 and 239: CONTROL AREASLine of Departure (LOD
Page 240 and 241: station by displaying the designate
Page 242 and 243: ASSISTANT BOAT GROUPCOMMANDER (ABGC
Page 244 and 245: Figure l2-8.—Beach flags, markers
Page 246 and 247: Figure 12-9.—Standard flags and i
Page 248 and 249: a. Ships, Boats, and Landing CraftC
Page 250 and 251: In addition to megaphone, radio, an
Page 252 and 253: circle to the beach. The last 1,000
Page 254 and 255: Transmit the grid position using le
Page 256 and 257: Figure 12-16.—Arm and hand contro
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Page 264 and 265: completed. At the end of start and
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Page 268 and 269: Figure 13-8.—Fuselage shapesFigur
Page 270 and 271: SURFACE SHIPSThere are many types o
Page 272 and 273: Figure 13-13.—Classes of cruisers
Page 274 and 275: Figure 13-16.—Classes of frigates
Page 276 and 277: Figure 13-19.—Recognition silhoue
Page 278 and 279: Figure 13-19.—Recognition silhoue
Page 280 and 281: Figure 13-22.—Modern submarine.on
Page 284 and 285: Figure 13-26.—Appearance groups.T
Page 286 and 287: Deckhouses are not raised. An islan
Page 288 and 289: Figure 13-32.—Types of king posts
Page 290 and 291: Figure 13-35.—Types of funnels.Fi
Page 293 and 294: CHAPTER 14TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIONV
Page 295 and 296: the text on a page and improper cla
Page 297 and 298: From: Communications OfficerTo: All
Page 299 and 300: APPENDIX IGLOSSARYABEAM—Bearing 9
Page 301: PRECEDENCE—The relative order in
Page 304 and 305: Figure AII-1.—Formation of charac
Page 306 and 307: Drill 6This exercise contains all t
Page 308 and 309: Figure AII-2.—Semaphore alphabet
Page 310 and 311: Drill 2Practice sending and receivi
Page 313 and 314: APPENDIX IIIREFERENCE LISTChapter 1
Page 315: Replenishment at Sea, NWP 14, Chief
Page 318 and 319: Clearances, 11-4access, 11-6eligibi
Page 320 and 321: Flashing light procedure—Continue
Page 322 and 323: Radiotelephone—Continuedgeneral p
Page 325: Assignment QuestionsInformation: Th
Page 328 and 329: 1-12. The multipurpose light is des
Page 330 and 331: 1-40. What does an overscore over a
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1-65.1-66.1-67.1-68.1-69.1-70.In vi
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2-13. By which of the following mea
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2-40.2-41.2-42.2-43.What maneuver f
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2-66. What signals are reserved for
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3-12.3-13.3-14.3-15.3-16.3-17.You a
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3-38. What term denotes the positio
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3-63. You observe the following lig
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4-11.4-12.4-13.Your ship is receivi
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4-37.4-38.4-39.4-40.4-41.4-42.The O
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4-64.4-65.Grades assigned to exerci
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