Signalman 1 & C - Historic Naval Ships Association

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7. Rotate the variable-density control knob tocontrol light and glare from the target field. Fullclockwise rotation of the knob brings the polarizingfilter, aligned for maximum light transmission, into thelight paths. Gradual counterclockwise turns reduce lighttransmission to the minimum.8. To lock the binocular assembly in the desiredposition, tighten the azimuth carriage and carriageassembly elevation lock knobs. A slight amount offriction may be introduced by leaving the elevation lockknobs slightly loose.When the binocular is not in use, lower thecarriage to its lowest position, secure all locks, andinstall the canvas cover over the binocular assembly.MaintenanceMaintenance should be performed according tothe MRC. Scheduled maintenance includes routineinspection, cleaning, lubrication, and adjustments thatcan be made without removing the binoculars from theship.CAUTIONThe optical parts sealed within the bodyof binoculars may be seriously damaged bycontamination if the body seal is broken. Anyrepair or adjustment requiring opening thebody should be made by the appropriate facility.Figure 2-14.—Ship’s binoculars arrangement and operatingcontrols.Ship binoculars should be inspected daily to makesure they are in good working order both optically andmechanically. This includes checking the lockingmechanisms, elevation, and rotation; externalsurfaces; rubber components for deterioration; and allcontrols to ensure a snug fit between their respectiveshafts and preformed packing.The objective and eyepiece lenses are to becleaned using appropriate cleaning material accordingto the MRC. However, unnecessary cleaning shouldbe avoided. Wipe the metal parts of the binoculars withfresh water and detergent to prevent accumulation ofsalt and dirt.When lubricating, remove the old lubricant andresidue. Apply new lubricant sparingly as required.The angular elevation clamp, round boss, and lock pinshould be lubricated at each removal or replacement.Remove the access cover to lubricate the gear2-12
assembly. Take care to keep lubricant from the frictiondisc and the locking surfaces. Lubricate the yokeassembly by removing the binocular and removing thethree screws and lift dial support; then lift the yokefrom the carriage post and lightly coat the interiorbearing surface of the yoke.CAUTIONTwo persons should be used to lift eitherthe binocular or yoke assembly.BINOCULARSBinoculars (fig. 2-15) are the most commonlyused of all optical equipment. Although normally only7-power, they give a wide range of vision and are bestsuited for searching over a wide area or for followingmoving targets. They require the use of both eyes and,because both eyes do not always have the same vision,it is better to adjust the focus for each lens individually.Proper focus is essential. If the focus is off, eyestrainis increased greatly, and you will not get maximumefficiency from your optics.To obtain the proper focus for each eye, turn bothbinocular scales to the +4 setting. Hold the binocularsfirmly against your eyebrows. To get the focus foryour left eye (only one eye can be focused at a time),cup the right hand over the right lens, cutting all lightto that eye. Be sure to keep both eyes open, however,because closing one eye will give an incorrect focus.Train the binocular on a small well-defined object.Slowly turn the eyepiece from the +4 setting until theobject stands out in sharp detail.The reading on the scale gives you the correctfocus for your left eye. Now do the same for your righteye. The chances are the setting will be different.Repeat this step several times to make sure the focusesare correct.Once you get the glasses focused properly,remember your settings so you can focus yourbinoculars on a very dark night. The correct nightfocus usually is a -1 setting from your day focus foreach eye.The other adjustment for binoculars is the IPDadjustment. All Navy binoculars have the IPD scaleon the hinges between the barrels. Find out what yourIPD is and remember it. It may already be in yourhealth record. If not, have a medical officer measureyou for it. When you have set your correct IPD scale,you will see a complete circle, never overlappingcircles. At night, if you have the wrong IPD setting,you will cut out a lot of light that should be going toyour eyes.Take a look through a pair of binoculars notadjusted for your eyes, then look through a pair that isadjusted properly. Notice the difference. If possible,always use the same binoculars.Most glasses are treated scientifically to reduceglare, but there are times when the direct rays of thesun are so strong that it is almost impossible todistinguish shapes and colors. To overcome thishandicap, glasses usually have colored lens filters thatcan be inserted over the regular lenses, reducing glareconsiderably.CARE OF OPTICSOptical instruments require great skill andprecision in their manufacture. They are both delicateand expensive. As with all precision equipment,careless handling can render them out of adjustmentor useless. All maintenance should be accomplishedaccording to current MRCs.Figure 2-15.—7 × 50 binoculars.Your optics have many enemies. The major onesare dust, heat, light, and moisture. A severe shock,such as falling to the deck, may cause breakage eitherof lenses and prisms or mechanical parts. A sharpshock invariably causes the prisms and reticles tobecome misaligned.2-13
Page 1 and 2: NONRESIDENTTRAININGCOURSEJuly 1996S
Page 3: COMMANDING OFFICERNETPDTC6490 SAUFL
Page 7 and 8: PREFACEBy enrolling in this self-st
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTSCHAPTERPAGE1. Introduction
Page 11: PASS/FAIL ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURESIf y
Page 15 and 16: CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL COM
Page 17 and 18: Phonetic AlphabetSome of the words
Page 19 and 20: SPOTTERThe spotter is the most valu
Page 21 and 22: CLASSIFICATIONCommunications Proced
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 2SIGNAL EQUIPMENTBefore Sig
Page 25 and 26: Five resistors are connected in par
Page 27 and 28: Because the lamp contains gas under
Page 29 and 30: Figure 2-7.—AN/SAT 2 infrared tra
Page 31 and 32: Figure 2-10.—Power conversion uni
Page 33: You were born with the finest optic
Page 38 and 39: The following steps are required to
Page 40 and 41: eye. Each eyepiece is adjustable th
Page 42 and 43: you may hear the sound of gas escap
Page 44 and 45: Figure 2-23.—Measuring and taping
Page 46 and 47: Page 2-24.Figure 2-24.—Completing
Page 48 and 49: off the remaining tail at this poin
Page 50 and 51: granted by the officer of the deck
Page 52 and 53: ADDRESS OF MESSAGEMost messages hav
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3-3.—Parts of a naval mess
Page 56 and 57: Figure 3-4.—The precedence of a m
Page 58 and 59: abbreviated service messages, the B
Page 60 and 61: Standing alone, prosign C means “
Page 62 and 63: Voice Call SignsVoice call signs ar
Page 64 and 65: Figure 3-6.—Numeral pennant call
Page 66 and 67: SHIPS' BOATS.—The following visua
Page 68 and 69: types of messages that you will be
Page 70 and 71: with other civil stations unless it
Page 72 and 73: Call SignsThe following call signs
Page 74 and 75: When required, a full answer, consi
Page 76 and 77: To request repetition of the second
Page 78 and 79: 3. The aircraft should be maneuvere
Page 80 and 81: the receiving station follows suit
Page 82 and 83: SECURITYIn the interest of security
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ooks are transmitted by voice radio
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Table4-2.—Prowords—ContinuedPRO
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Table 4-2.-Prowords—ContinuedPROW
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EXECUTIVE METHODThe executive metho
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CHAPTER 5ALLIED FLAGHOIST PROCEDURE
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Figure 5-2.—Numeral pennants; spe
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More information on the hoisting of
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to the addressees or to the OTC if
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Example:If a junior commanding offi
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The SCREEN pennant is spoken, writt
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The letter N is also used for minus
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executive signal will be made by li
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CHAPTER 6INTERNATIONAL SIGNALINGIn
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Flashing light or sound signaling:
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CallingThe identity signal of the s
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These examples illustrate the conve
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Figure 6-1.—Morse signaling by ha
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5. MISCELLANEOUS6. METEOROLOGY—WE
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Figure 6-2.—Distress signals.A si
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Figure 6-3.—Lifesaving signals (p
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Figure 6-3.—Lifesaving signals (p
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signal is not hoisted to the dip; i
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CHAPTER 7CONVOY COMMUNICATIONSAltho
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Ships that pass through the MERZONE
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Figure 7-1.—Convoy formation grid
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TAKING UP FORMATIONWhen forming a c
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RADIOTELEGRAPHRadiotelegraph messag
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CHAPTER 8WATCHSTANDING DUTIESVisual
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Signalmen must be alert to respond
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where persons have fallen overboard
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Figure 8-2.—Visual communications
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Figure 8-3.—Watch-to-watch invent
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SIGNALTable 8-2.—Signals from a S
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Figure 8-4.-Vari-color signal illum
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Multipurpose LampWhen using the por
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Approach ShipThe approach ship main
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Figure 8-7.—Transfer-station mark
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CHAPTER 9NAVIGATIONAL DUTIESNavigat
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possible, then, to obtain relative
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distance on a Mercator chart, one m
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periodical announces new nautical c
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CLASS ABBREVIATION GENERAL DESCRIPT
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Sectors may be only a few degrees w
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Figure 9-12.—IALA Maritime Buoyag
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is used to describe any buoy that i
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TopmarksBy day, topmarks are the mo
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-Spoil ground marksMilitary exercis
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Head-on SituationWhen two ships mee
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Figure 9-22.—Pilot vessel, under
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Figure 9-24.—Towing vessels less
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Dredging/Underwater OperationWhen a
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Figure 9-28.—Pushing ahead or tow
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INTERNATIONALMAKING WAYINLANDMAKING
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CHAPTER 10HONORS AND CEREMONIESFrom
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When displayed with foreign ensigns
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way do not half-mast the ensign alt
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Figure 10-2.—Personal flags and c
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concerned, or the senior officer pr
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commission that has no flag officer
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BOAT HAILSBoat hails are used durin
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PresidentTable 10-4.—Passing Hono
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termination of the call, ruffles an
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Page 10-19Figure 10-5.—Personal f
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RED CROSS FLAGThe Red Cross (Geneva
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NOTEOn a flagship where the command
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Formulate and coordinate the comman
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such as “This page is unclassifie
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assigned duties. Personnel authoriz
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Precautionary measures must be take
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In setting a combination, numbers s
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have served their purposes, or are
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ehind pictures and radiators, and u
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A person about to be relieved will
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security should holdings fall into
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would be suitable for use as a seco
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These craft are capable of beaching
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CONTROL AREASLine of Departure (LOD
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station by displaying the designate
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ASSISTANT BOAT GROUPCOMMANDER (ABGC
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Figure l2-8.—Beach flags, markers
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Figure 12-9.—Standard flags and i
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a. Ships, Boats, and Landing CraftC
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In addition to megaphone, radio, an
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circle to the beach. The last 1,000
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Transmit the grid position using le
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Figure 12-16.—Arm and hand contro
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Figure 12-16.—Arm and band contro
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completed. At the end of start and
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wingspan provides the final clue fo
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Figure 13-8.—Fuselage shapesFigur
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SURFACE SHIPSThere are many types o
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Figure 13-13.—Classes of cruisers
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Figure 13-16.—Classes of frigates
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Figure 13-19.—Recognition silhoue
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Figure 13-19.—Recognition silhoue
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Figure 13-22.—Modern submarine.on
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Figure 13-24.—Sail placementFigur
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Figure 13-26.—Appearance groups.T
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Deckhouses are not raised. An islan
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Figure 13-32.—Types of king posts
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Figure 13-35.—Types of funnels.Fi
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CHAPTER 14TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIONV
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the text on a page and improper cla
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From: Communications OfficerTo: All
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APPENDIX IGLOSSARYABEAM—Bearing 9
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PRECEDENCE—The relative order in
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Figure AII-1.—Formation of charac
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Drill 6This exercise contains all t
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Figure AII-2.—Semaphore alphabet
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Drill 2Practice sending and receivi
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APPENDIX IIIREFERENCE LISTChapter 1
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Replenishment at Sea, NWP 14, Chief
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Clearances, 11-4access, 11-6eligibi
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Flashing light procedure—Continue
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Radiotelephone—Continuedgeneral p
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Assignment QuestionsInformation: Th
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1-12. The multipurpose light is des
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1-40. What does an overscore over a
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1-65.1-66.1-67.1-68.1-69.1-70.In vi
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2-13. By which of the following mea
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2-40.2-41.2-42.2-43.What maneuver f
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2-66. What signals are reserved for
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3-12.3-13.3-14.3-15.3-16.3-17.You a
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3-38. What term denotes the positio
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3-63. You observe the following lig
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4-11.4-12.4-13.Your ship is receivi
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4-37.4-38.4-39.4-40.4-41.4-42.The O
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4-64.4-65.Grades assigned to exerci
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