Signalman 1 & C - Historic Naval Ships Association

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LIGHTS AND SHAPESRules for lights must be complied with in allweather, from sunset to sunrise, as specified by bothInternational and Inland Rules of the Road.Navigational lights and dayshapes of anothervessel convey information such as clues to the typeand size of vessel, its heading in relation to yourvessel, type of operation in which it may be engaged,and other data that is helpful in determining right ofway and preventing a collision.Various navigational light and dayshape displaysprescribed by the rules are discussed in the followingtopics.Running LightsWhen the rules refer to a power-driven vessel,they mean one propelled by any kind of machinery, asdistinct from a sailing ship under sail. A vessel underway means a ship not at anchor, not made fast to theshore, or not aground. The ship does not actually haveto be making headway.Both rules state that the rules for lights must becomplied with in all weather from sunset to sunrise, andshould also be exhibited from sunrise to sunset inrestricted visibility. These lights may be exhibited in allother circumstances when it is deemed necessary. <strong>Ships</strong>usually are darkened during wartime conditions; buteven then, lights are kept ready for immediate display.MASTHEAD LIGHT.—You are aware that apower-driven vessel underway carries a white light(masthead light) placed over the fore and aft centerlineof the vessel, showing an unbroken light over an arcof the horizon of 225° and so fixed as to show the lightfrom right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either sideof the vessel. The light at the fore masthead, or someother elevated point forward, is between 20 and 40 feetabove the deck. This light must be visible from 2 to 6miles, depending on the length of the vessel. Youknow, too, that under both rules, a power-driven vesselover 50 meters in length shows another white light aft,at least 15 feet higher than the fore masthead light. Thehorizontal distance between these lights should not beless than one-half the length of the vessel but need notbe more than 100 meters. The after light, called the aftmasthead light, is mandatory under both rules exceptfor vessels less than 50 meters in length. Apower-driven vessel less than 12 meters may show anall-round white light in lieu of the masthead light.SIDELIGHTS.—Sidelights mean a green lighton the starboard side and a red light on the port side,each showing an unbroken light over an arc of thehorizon of 112.5° and so fixed as to show the lightfrom right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on itsrespective side. In a vessel of less than 20 meters, thesidelights may be combined in one lantern carried onthe fore and aft centerline of the vessel.Side lights must be visible from 1 to 3 miles,depending on the size of the vessel. A sailing vessel ora ship being towed displays side lights and a stern lightonly—never masthead lights. A vessel under oars or asailing vessel of less than 7 meters in length need carryonly a lantern showing a white light, which it mustexhibit in time to prevent collision. If practicable, asailing vessel of less than 7 meters must exhibit the lightsprescribed for a sailing vessel under way.STERNLIGHT. —A white light placed as nearlyas practicable at the stern, showing an unbroken lightover an arc of the horizon of 135° and so fixed as toshow the light 67.5° from right aft on each side of thevessel.TOWING LIGHT.—The towing light is a yellowlight having the same characteristics as a sternlight.Lights, Pilot VesselsAn OOD or conning officer often is most anxiousto sight the pilot boat and signal it alongside withoutbeing forced to lie to when conditions may be settingthe ship toward a lee shore. Signalmen shouldrecognize a pilot vessel the instant it is sighted.Pilot vessels, when engaged on their stations onpilotage duty, should not show the lights required forother vessels. A pilot vessel should exhibit at or nearthe masthead two all-round lights in a vertical line, theupper being white and the lower red, and when underway (fig. 9-22), in addition, sidelights and a sternlight.When at anchor, in addition to those lights previouslydescribed, the pilot vessel should show the anchorlight, lights, or shape prescribed for anchored vessels.The daytime display for a pilot vessel is the display ofthe HOTEL flag.Pilot vessels, when not engaged on pilotage duty,should exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed forsimilar vessels of their length.Vessel at AnchorA vessel at anchor (fig. 9-23) should show, whereit can best be seen, an all-round white light or one ballin the forepart of the vessel, and, at or near the stern,9-22
Figure 9-22.—Pilot vessel, under way.an all-round white light at a level lower than the lightin the forepart of the vessel. Rule 30 applies here.NOTEA vessel less that 50 meters may substituteone white light where best seen. A vessel100 meters or greater is required to illuminateits decks.Towing VesselsThere are various light signals for towing (fig.9-24). We will discuss a few in the followingparagraphs.LESS THAN 50 METERS.—A power-drivenvessel less than 50 meters that is towing astern and thelength of the tow does not exceed 200 meters isrequired to display two masthead lights, sidelights,and a yellow-over-white sternlight.GREATER THAN 50 METERS.—A powerdrivenvessel greater than 50 meters that is towingastern and the length of tow does not exceed 200meters is required to display two masthead lights, anafter masthead light, sidelights, and a yellow-overwhitesternlight.LESS THAN 50 METERS, TOW EXCEEDS200 METERS.—A vessel less than 50 meters that istowing astern with the length of tow exceeding 200meters must display three masthead lights, sidelights,and a yellow-over-white sternlight. The dayshapedisplay will be a DIAMOND.TOWING, RESTRICTED MOVEMENT.—Avessel unable to deviate from its course and the lengthof tow does not exceed 200 meters is to display twomasthead lights, sidelights, a yellow-over-whitesternlight, and the light signal RED-WHITE-RED.The dayshape display will be BALL-DIAMOND-BALL and a DIAMOND.When the length of tow exceeds 200 meters, thevessel is to display three masthead lights, sidelights, ayellow-over-white sternlight, and the light signalRED-WHITE-RED. The dayshape display will be thesame as above. Rule 24 applies here.Not-Under-Command LightsA vessel not under command (fig. 9-25) shoulddisplay the following lights: RED-RED displayedvertically, sidelights, and a sternlight. The sidelightsand sternlight are only displayed when making waythrough the water. The dayshape signal for a vessel notunder command is two black balls displayedvertically. Rule 27 applies here.9-23
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NONRESIDENTTRAININGCOURSEJuly 1996S
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COMMANDING OFFICERNETPDTC6490 SAUFL
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PREFACEBy enrolling in this self-st
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CONTENTSCHAPTERPAGE1. Introduction
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PASS/FAIL ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURESIf y
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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL COM
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Phonetic AlphabetSome of the words
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SPOTTERThe spotter is the most valu
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CLASSIFICATIONCommunications Proced
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CHAPTER 2SIGNAL EQUIPMENTBefore Sig
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Five resistors are connected in par
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Because the lamp contains gas under
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Figure 2-7.—AN/SAT 2 infrared tra
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Figure 2-10.—Power conversion uni
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You were born with the finest optic
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assembly. Take care to keep lubrica
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The following steps are required to
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eye. Each eyepiece is adjustable th
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you may hear the sound of gas escap
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Figure 2-23.—Measuring and taping
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Page 2-24.Figure 2-24.—Completing
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off the remaining tail at this poin
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granted by the officer of the deck
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ADDRESS OF MESSAGEMost messages hav
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Figure 3-3.—Parts of a naval mess
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Figure 3-4.—The precedence of a m
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abbreviated service messages, the B
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Standing alone, prosign C means “
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Voice Call SignsVoice call signs ar
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Figure 3-6.—Numeral pennant call
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SHIPS' BOATS.—The following visua
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types of messages that you will be
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with other civil stations unless it
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Call SignsThe following call signs
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When required, a full answer, consi
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To request repetition of the second
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3. The aircraft should be maneuvere
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the receiving station follows suit
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SECURITYIn the interest of security
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ooks are transmitted by voice radio
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Table4-2.—Prowords—ContinuedPRO
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Table 4-2.-Prowords—ContinuedPROW
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EXECUTIVE METHODThe executive metho
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CHAPTER 5ALLIED FLAGHOIST PROCEDURE
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Figure 5-2.—Numeral pennants; spe
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More information on the hoisting of
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to the addressees or to the OTC if
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Example:If a junior commanding offi
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The SCREEN pennant is spoken, writt
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The letter N is also used for minus
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executive signal will be made by li
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CHAPTER 6INTERNATIONAL SIGNALINGIn
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Flashing light or sound signaling:
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CallingThe identity signal of the s
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These examples illustrate the conve
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Figure 6-1.—Morse signaling by ha
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5. MISCELLANEOUS6. METEOROLOGY—WE
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Figure 6-2.—Distress signals.A si
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Figure 6-3.—Lifesaving signals (p
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Figure 6-3.—Lifesaving signals (p
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signal is not hoisted to the dip; i
Page 129 and 130: CHAPTER 7CONVOY COMMUNICATIONSAltho
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Page 133 and 134: Figure 7-1.—Convoy formation grid
Page 135 and 136: TAKING UP FORMATIONWhen forming a c
Page 137 and 138: RADIOTELEGRAPHRadiotelegraph messag
Page 139 and 140: CHAPTER 8WATCHSTANDING DUTIESVisual
Page 141 and 142: Signalmen must be alert to respond
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Page 145 and 146: Figure 8-2.—Visual communications
Page 147 and 148: Figure 8-3.—Watch-to-watch invent
Page 149 and 150: SIGNALTable 8-2.—Signals from a S
Page 151 and 152: Figure 8-4.-Vari-color signal illum
Page 153 and 154: Multipurpose LampWhen using the por
Page 155 and 156: Approach ShipThe approach ship main
Page 157 and 158: Figure 8-7.—Transfer-station mark
Page 159 and 160: CHAPTER 9NAVIGATIONAL DUTIESNavigat
Page 161 and 162: possible, then, to obtain relative
Page 163 and 164: distance on a Mercator chart, one m
Page 165 and 166: periodical announces new nautical c
Page 167 and 168: CLASS ABBREVIATION GENERAL DESCRIPT
Page 169 and 170: Sectors may be only a few degrees w
Page 171 and 172: Figure 9-12.—IALA Maritime Buoyag
Page 173 and 174: is used to describe any buoy that i
Page 175 and 176: TopmarksBy day, topmarks are the mo
Page 177 and 178: -Spoil ground marksMilitary exercis
Page 179: Head-on SituationWhen two ships mee
Page 183 and 184: Figure 9-24.—Towing vessels less
Page 185 and 186: Dredging/Underwater OperationWhen a
Page 187 and 188: Figure 9-28.—Pushing ahead or tow
Page 189 and 190: INTERNATIONALMAKING WAYINLANDMAKING
Page 191 and 192: CHAPTER 10HONORS AND CEREMONIESFrom
Page 193 and 194: When displayed with foreign ensigns
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Page 197 and 198: Figure 10-2.—Personal flags and c
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Page 209 and 210: Page 10-19Figure 10-5.—Personal f
Page 211 and 212: RED CROSS FLAGThe Red Cross (Geneva
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Page 220 and 221: assigned duties. Personnel authoriz
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Page 224 and 225: In setting a combination, numbers s
Page 226 and 227: have served their purposes, or are
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A person about to be relieved will
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security should holdings fall into
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would be suitable for use as a seco
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These craft are capable of beaching
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CONTROL AREASLine of Departure (LOD
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station by displaying the designate
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ASSISTANT BOAT GROUPCOMMANDER (ABGC
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Figure l2-8.—Beach flags, markers
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Figure 12-9.—Standard flags and i
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a. Ships, Boats, and Landing CraftC
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In addition to megaphone, radio, an
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circle to the beach. The last 1,000
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Transmit the grid position using le
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Figure 12-16.—Arm and hand contro
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Figure 12-16.—Arm and band contro
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completed. At the end of start and
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wingspan provides the final clue fo
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Figure 13-8.—Fuselage shapesFigur
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SURFACE SHIPSThere are many types o
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Figure 13-13.—Classes of cruisers
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Figure 13-16.—Classes of frigates
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Figure 13-19.—Recognition silhoue
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Figure 13-19.—Recognition silhoue
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Figure 13-22.—Modern submarine.on
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Figure 13-24.—Sail placementFigur
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Figure 13-26.—Appearance groups.T
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Deckhouses are not raised. An islan
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Figure 13-32.—Types of king posts
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Figure 13-35.—Types of funnels.Fi
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CHAPTER 14TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIONV
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the text on a page and improper cla
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From: Communications OfficerTo: All
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APPENDIX IGLOSSARYABEAM—Bearing 9
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PRECEDENCE—The relative order in
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Figure AII-1.—Formation of charac
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Drill 6This exercise contains all t
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Figure AII-2.—Semaphore alphabet
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Drill 2Practice sending and receivi
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APPENDIX IIIREFERENCE LISTChapter 1
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Replenishment at Sea, NWP 14, Chief
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Clearances, 11-4access, 11-6eligibi
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Flashing light procedure—Continue
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Radiotelephone—Continuedgeneral p
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Assignment QuestionsInformation: Th
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1-12. The multipurpose light is des
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1-40. What does an overscore over a
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1-65.1-66.1-67.1-68.1-69.1-70.In vi
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2-13. By which of the following mea
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2-40.2-41.2-42.2-43.What maneuver f
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2-66. What signals are reserved for
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3-12.3-13.3-14.3-15.3-16.3-17.You a
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3-38. What term denotes the positio
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3-63. You observe the following lig
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4-11.4-12.4-13.Your ship is receivi
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4-37.4-38.4-39.4-40.4-41.4-42.The O
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4-64.4-65.Grades assigned to exerci
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