Final evaluation Netherlands participation in ISAF 2006 - 2010

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health care and lower transport costs. A road survey carried out by GTZshows a threefold increase in traffic. Both projects are carried out by theGerman development organisation GTZ and contribute to the accessibility ofthe province. The main artery from Kandahar to the province of Uruzgancontinued to be a significant problem, as security there still left much to bedesired and warlords had a monopoly on transport security.The Afghan civil airline KamAir carried out three passenger flights a weekbetween Kabul and Tarin Kowt, subsidised by the Netherlands. The fundingwhich was provided between June 2009 and May 2011 was start-up fundingto establish a sustainable air link in an emerging market. From autumn2008, the flights had a capacity of 35 passengers and were generally all butfull. This gave Afghan civil servants, NGOs and businesspeople access tothe province.4.5.10.2 Alternative livelihoodsThanks to Dutch funding, the FAO has been able to distribute wheat seedand fertiliser in Uruzgan. This contributed to sustainable food independencefor the province. In the period from August 2008 through December 2008,18,283 households were provided with more than 900 tonnes of certifiedwheat seed and more than 1,800 tonnes of fertiliser. In the period fromAugust 2009 to January 2011, 17,365 households in Uruzgan and Daykundiwere provided with more than 875 tonnes of certified wheat seed and morethan 1,750 tonnes of fertiliser. This led to a 44% increase in the harvestscompared with the harvests from local wheat seed. The FAO also providedsupport to 2,050 weak rural households in order to make a sustainableimprovement to their income positions. This concerned projects in the areasof fishing, beekeeping, dairy cattle, fruit trees and vegetable cultivation. Inaddition, chickens were distributed to 500 families (widows with children)and 15,000 families received vegetable seed.Dutch market-gardening company Growing Sales Exchange (GSE) applieditself to alternative crops and carried out a saffron project and a fruit andvegetable cultivation project in the province. A total of 500 farmers tookpart in GSE’s saffron project. In 2008, there was a harvest of around 53 kgand in 2009 that grew to 105 kg. In 2010, the yield had increased toaround 200 kg. The quality of the saffron is generally good. The farmershave received training in the various stages of saffron cultivation (planting,cultivation, fertilisation, irrigation, harvesting and processing of thesaffron). Expectations are that the quantity of saffron bulbs will multiply bya factor of two to three over a period of five years.The Netherlands also conducted an extensive cooperation programme withGTZ, focused on integrated rural development in Uruzgan. The introductionof new crops such as saffron, around one million fruit trees (distributed byvarious organisations) and vegetable seed has strongly improved cropdiversity in the province and provided alternatives to poppy cultivation. Theresults and the impact of these perennial crops (saffron and all types offruit tree) can only be determined in the longer term. Of the annual crops(such as wheat and vegetables) it can already be said that, thanks to thisdistribution, the income of many farmers has increased.4.5.10.3 MicrocreditThrough the Microfinance Investment Support Facility of Afghanistan(MISFA), the Netherlands requested that the affiliated microcreditinstitutions submit project proposals in the area of small-scale creditfacilities for Uruzgan. MISFA is the umbrella organisation for all institutionsin the area of microcredit in Afghanistan. In July 2010, 1,874 microcreditloans were provided with a total value of more than USD 1 million. For thePage 74 of 133
purpose of these loans, cooperatives were set up, with a total of 2,204members. Loans were partly issued in cash and partly in kind, for instancein the form of seeds, fertiliser etc. The micro-credit system is widelyaccepted because it suits the local culture, the way of doing business andthe local market well. Entrepreneurs from a variety of sectors - smallfarmers, service providers and tradespeople - have been able to make smallinvestments and thus improve the productivity and quality of theirbusinesses with the aid of this credit.4.5.10.4 Vocational educationThere is a shortage of educated workers in Uruzgan, but there are notechnical education programmes on offer (with the exception of theAustralian technical school within the PRT). The Netherlands thereforefunded and continues to fund GTZ’s establishment of a technical school inTarin Kowt and an agricultural information centre outside Tarin Kowt. Theschool has not yet been completed.In collaboration with the Netherlands Ministry of Agriculture, Nature andFood Safety, at the request of the Afghan government, the WageningenUniversity and Research Centre (WUR) was involved in the formulation ofnational agricultural education and the development of an agriculturaleducation curriculum. This included the establishment of an informationcentre in Uruzgan. This centre and the aforementioned centre eventuallybecame a project. In addition, the Dutch NGO DCA, as part of DCU, set upparaveterinary units and trained paraveterinarians. As part of EQUIP, ateacher’s training course has begun in the province and, as has beenmentioned earlier, with Australian funding a training course trainee civilservants was started in 2010, with training being provided through theAfghan Independent Civil Service Commission (AICSC).4.5.11 Water and energyThe population of Uruzgan is dependent on agriculture for its food andincome. Good water management is very important for agriculture. Water isscarce in Uruzgan and unfair distribution may lead to conflicts.Thanks to the efforts of the PRT and CIMIC, and making use of sustainabledevelopment projects, the Netherlands has put a considerable effort intosmall-scale, local projects throughout Uruzgan, such as water pumps andirrigation channels. On a slightly larger scale, with Dutch funding, microdamsand riverbank protection works were constructed and karezes(underground channels) were repaired. In addition, the Netherlandssupported the provincial administration and local communities in solvingwater conflicts peacefully through dialogue.From 2006 to 2009, a total of 54 projects were carried out in the area ofirrigation and 97 projects to improve the water supply and sanitation. Thisdoes not include DCU’s work.GTZ also carried out various water projects for the Netherlands. Theseprojects included digging 108 wells for 2,100 households, constructingfifteen micro-dams, building ten micro-hydroelectric plants and buildingthree bridges and five water reservoirs. The population now has betteraccess not only to cleaner water, but also to more drinking water. Improvedirrigation has increased the farmers’ harvests and made more wheat andcorn available for sale at the market. Crop diversity has also increased.The Netherlands also funded an assessment of water management inUruzgan, carried out by a consortium comprising Royal Haskoning,Page 75 of 133
Page 1 and 2:
Final evaluationNetherlands contrib
Page 3 and 4:
High mountainsLow mountainsPlains a
Page 5 and 6:
Table of ContentsDutch military per
Page 7 and 8:
Dutch military personnel deceased i
Page 9 and 10:
Page 9 of 133
Page 11 and 12:
1 IntroductionThe government would,
Page 13 and 14:
The structure of the final evaluati
Page 15 and 16:
2 The international presence in Afg
Page 17 and 18:
insurgents in, particularly, the ea
Page 19 and 20:
3 Netherlands policy for participat
Page 21 and 22:
Netherlands’ presence. Furthermor
Page 23 and 24: “The objectives of this stabilisa
Page 25 and 26: In December 2005, the Netherlands g
Page 27 and 28: The expectation is that meaningful
Page 29 and 30: 3.6.2 Implementation of national pr
Page 31 and 32: 4 Implementation of the mission and
Page 33 and 34: tasks to fulfil in the area of secu
Page 35 and 36: such as the Bushmaster, that was be
Page 37 and 38: Afghan partner unit, at all times o
Page 39 and 40: northern part of Deh Rawod in 2007.
Page 41 and 42: in large and small bases, while con
Page 43 and 44: previously thought and comprised a
Page 45 and 46: Apart from facilitating training an
Page 47 and 48: If operations in close proximity of
Page 49 and 50: As previously mentioned, the preven
Page 51 and 52: - Between 2006 and 2010, the number
Page 53 and 54: government of Chora in January 2010
Page 55 and 56: At the beginning of the Dutch missi
Page 57 and 58: intermediary of TLO and political a
Page 59 and 60: interest for filling judicial posit
Page 61 and 62: During the Uruzgan mission, a great
Page 63 and 64: structurally change governance in U
Page 65 and 66: development programmes. Before the
Page 67 and 68: also the way in which Afghans perce
Page 69 and 70: tailored to the real needs of the p
Page 71 and 72: Gizab had increased and there was a
Page 73: The DCU programme devoted and still
Page 77 and 78: In view of the lack of enthusiasm a
Page 79 and 80: 5 Expenditure for the mission and i
Page 81 and 82: Overview of long-term expenditure a
Page 83 and 84: expenditure related to the deployme
Page 85 and 86: Multi-year expenditure, Foreign Aff
Page 87 and 88: explosive ordnance disposal, armour
Page 89 and 90: this situation as constraining, for
Page 91 and 92: organised at a later stage. In addi
Page 93 and 94: occupational social workers and the
Page 95 and 96: Mercedes Benz terrain vehicle, the
Page 97 and 98: 6 ConclusionsThis chapter begins wi
Page 99 and 100: The first part of the central quest
Page 101 and 102: At the end of 2005, the Afghan auth
Page 103 and 104: province. This, too, was done by me
Page 105 and 106: area, increased sales of agricultur
Page 107 and 108: ISAF and the OEF led to extra coord
Page 109 and 110: d. The recommendations from advisor
Page 111 and 112: Page 111 of 133
Page 113 and 114: Annex A, Afghanistan Compact Benchm
Page 115 and 116: end-2010, reforms will strengthen t
Page 117 and 118: Afghan Cultural HeritageA comprehen
Page 119 and 120: Private Sector Development and Trad
Page 121 and 122: Annex B, Results of the socio-econo
Page 123 and 124: EducationTLO data:• In 2006 there
Page 125 and 126:
Overview of the number of children
Page 127 and 128:
Annex C, Chronology200522 December:
Page 129 and 130:
July: microcredit provider World Co
Page 131 and 132:
Annex D, List of abbreviations3DADZ
Page 133:
Page 133 of 133
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