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THE CONNECTIVITY MODELANNEXURE A: THE 5 GIS-BASED MODELSThe Connectivity Model models the degree of spatial integration (or lack thereof) of theGCR as a whole such that one can discern those parts or elements of the GCR that are wellintegrated (and therefore, presumably, showing relatively high levels of urban achievement)and those parts that are relatively disconnected (and therefore, in many instances, likely tobe showing high levels of marginalisation from the urban system). At one level, theconnectivity model is a tool for searching the urban system for diagnostic clues to theeffectiveness or otherwise of the urban structure.More importantly, however, it is a tool for examining the likely effects of additionalinfrastructure aimed at increasing the urban integration of an area. For example, an areasuch as Soweto, despite its very large population, is poorly connected to the wider urbansystem for historical reasons and much of Soweto's future achievement as an importantsector of the GCR (and Johannesburg more particularly) relies substantially on improvingits spatial integration with the wider system. The connectivity model assists in therefore(a) in detecting the lack of connection and (b) testing what infrastructural improvementsin this regard would be most effective.The principle behind the Connectivity Model is that spatial elements (linear movementelements in this case) can be broken down into components, analysed as networks ofchoices, and represented as maps and graphs that describe the relative connectivity andintegration of those spaces.Whilst there are a number of analysis methods of a street network, such as Integration,Choice and Depth Distance, our main concern with the current exercise is the measure ofIntegration and Depth:Integration measures how many turns one has to make from a street segment to reachall other street segments in the network, using shortest paths. The first intersecting segmentrequires only one turn, the second two turns and so on. The street segments that requirethe least number of turns to reach all other streets are called 'most integrate' and are usuallyrepresented with hotter colours, such as red or yellow.Depth, in the context of the Connectivity Model, is a process that measures the lineardistance from the centre point of each street segment to the centre points of all the othersegments. If every segment is successively chosen as a starting point, then a graph ofaccumulative final values is achieved. The streets with lowest Depth Distance values are saidto be nearest to all the other streets.The results of this Connectivity Model provide a spatial representation that shows areas thatare well integrated, and thus more accessible, and areas that are more segregated, withlower levels of accessibility. In the current exercise, the Connectivity Model has been processedwith a number of different structural iterations.The Connectivity and Bid-Rent Models are both concerned with understanding a commonissue: The Social Logic of Space, i.e. how to understand the interrelationships betweendifferent spaces, the factors that define these interrelationships, and the way in which tooperate within these interrelationships.The connectivity model provides a means of exploring the 'metric' properties of a spatialstructure, whilst the bid-value model explores a wider range of 'topological' relationships.107 GAUTENG SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2011 GAUTENG GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
CONNECTIVITY MODEL 1: BASELINEModel 1 reflects the baseline connectivity structure as reflected through the higher-ordermovement routes, such as highways, K-Routes, and some main roads. This iteration of themodel does not include the existing rail network or the proposed 'PWV' Road NetworkProposal/ GSRN.The following issues can be highlighted:• The significance of the East Rand system;• The influence of the East-west (Gold Reef) corridor;• The significance of the Pretoria and Johannesburg CBDs;• The north-south connections (emphasising the economic triangle); and• The JHB Ring Road (N1/N3).ANNEXURE A: THE 5 GIS-BASED MODELSGAUTENG SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2011GAUTENG GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY108
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THE GAUTENG SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRA
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TABLE OF CONTENTSSECTION 1: INTRODU
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Table A.2-iv: Summary - Typical per
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FIGURESSECTION 1: INTRODUCTIONFigur
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Figure A.2.4: Modelling key compone
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FOREWORD
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SECTION1:Introduction
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development framework around which
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SECTION 1: INTRODUCTIONcadastral in
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Not only does it seem necessary to
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SECTION 2: THE GSDF AS A CONCEPTA S
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disasters, shortages and changes in
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are to promote sustainability, equi
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It is legislated that metropolitan
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Similarly, there must be a consiste
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The corridors reflected in the figu
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Similarly, in the United Kingdom, i
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• urban compactness, also noted i
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With Johannesburg as the city syste
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Making sense of, and integrating, t
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Based on this figure, it is suggest
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On this basis, there is no reason w
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SECTION 2: THE GSDF AS A CONCEPTPRI
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SECTION 2: THE GSDF AS A CONCEPTPRI
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SECTION3:The modelling elements of
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value that goes with this can be de
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THE MODELLING THAT UNDERPINS THE GS
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MODEL 2: THE MORPHOLOGICAL MODELaro
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with lower levels of accessibility.
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MODEL 5: THE VIRTUAL MODEL ROOMSECT
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URBAN MANAGEMENT AND SPATIAL DEVELO
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making processes around these (for
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The intricacies of the urban struct
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SECTION 4: OUTCOMES OF APPLICATION:
Page 70 and 71: STEP SIX: URBAN DEVELOPMENT, MANAGE
Page 72 and 73: THE COMPOSITE SPATIAL STRUCTUREThe
Page 74 and 75: SECTION 4: OUTCOMES OF APPLICATION:
Page 76 and 77: FRAMEWORK FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
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Page 80 and 81: TRANSPORTATIONThe principles of urb
Page 82 and 83: URBAN STRUCTURING INITIATIVESSECTIO
Page 84 and 85: SECTION 5: FRAMEWORK FOR THE IMPLEM
Page 86 and 87: It is not enough, however, to simpl
Page 88 and 89: APPENDIXA.1: The urban profile mode
Page 90 and 91: ANNEXURE A: THE 5 GIS-BASED MODELSF
Page 92 and 93: THE IDENTIFICATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL
Page 94 and 95: ANNEXURE A: THE 5 GIS-BASED MODELSU
Page 96 and 97: DEFINING THE MORPHOLOGICAL COMPONEN
Page 98 and 99: • Activity Spines, with a hierarc
Page 100 and 101: ANNEXURE A: THE 5 GIS-BASED MODELSN
Page 102 and 103: comprises specialised trade, such a
Page 104 and 105: • Development Intensity: Land are
Page 106 and 107: THE REGIONAL NODEDevelopment Yield:
Page 108 and 109: THE TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DIMENSION O
Page 110 and 111: TYPICAL DEVELOPMENT PARAMETERS: URB
Page 116 and 117: Figures A.2.13-15 show the same are
Page 122 and 123: CONNECTIVITY MODEL 2This iteration
Page 124 and 125: CONNECTIVITY MODEL 4The fourth iter
Page 126 and 127: CONNECTIVITY MODEL 6The final itera
Page 128 and 129: THE BID-RENT MODELThe Bid-Rent Mode
Page 130 and 131: TOPOGRAPHIC SUITABILITYThe Topograp
Page 132 and 133: THE SPATIAL POLICY SUPPORT INDEXThe
Page 134 and 135: SURFACE CONSTRAINTSThe Surface Cons
Page 136 and 137: APPENDIXA.5Model 5 - the virtualmod
Page 138 and 139: TSHWANE STATIONS123Existing conditi
Page 140 and 141: APPENDIXB.1: Restrictingurban spraw
Page 142 and 143: urban edge, many of the municipal S
Page 144 and 145: ANNEXURE B: POLICY POSITION PAPERSF
Page 146 and 147: APPENDIXB.2: A densification policy
Page 148 and 149: The model that is to guide both res
Page 150 and 151: APPENDIXB.3: Harmonisinghousingprov
Page 152 and 153: housing and mixed-uses can be reali
Page 158 and 159: THE PRINCIPLES GOVERNING THE TRANSP
Page 160 and 161: ANNEXURE B: POLICY POSITION PAPERSi
Page 162 and 163: Possible outer extentsof urban deve
Page 164 and 165: APPENDIXB.5: Thecase principles ofs
Page 166 and 167: sustainable and efficient. A long-t
Page 168 and 169: ANNEXURE B: POLICY POSITION PAPERSB
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APPENDIXC.1: Thefreight and logisti
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overall platform on which more focu
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A further south-eastern regional hu
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ANNEXURE C: POLICY PERSPECTIVESFigu
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APPENDIXC.2: A perspective guidingt
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anges of hills or mountains, whethe
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APPENDIXC.3: Preservationof landhav
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URBAN CONSOLIDATION ZONESThe physic
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APPENDIXC.5: Indicativepatterns ofe
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APPENDIXC.6: Integrationof the rura
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opportunity that goes with being ab
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ANNEXURED: The package of plans
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In order to achieve spatial integri
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LEVEL ESSENTIAL FOCUS AND SCOPE SCA
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LEVEL ESSENTIAL FOCUS AND SCOPE SCA
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ANNEXUREE: Glossary of terms
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Brownfield Land and SitesPreviously
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ANNEXURE E: GLOSSARY OF TERMSTown -
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Development ManagementThe process w
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Geographic Spread Programme (DTI)Th
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ANNEXURE E: GLOSSARY OF TERMSIntegr
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ANNEXURE E: GLOSSARY OF TERMSSpatia
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ANNEXURE E: GLOSSARY OF TERMSUrban
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ANNEXURE E: GLOSSARY OF TERMS• Ur
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