Racism - A Short History - George M Fredrickson.pdf - WNLibrary

NOTES to Pages 11–28
8. See Philip Mason, Patterns of Dominance (London, 1970),
13–20.
ONE Religion and the Invention of Racism
1. Ivan Hannaford, Race: The History of an Idea in the West (Baltimore,
1996), 17–57.
2. Lloyd A. Thompson, Romans and Blacks (London, 1989).
3. Frank M. Snowden, Jr., Before Color Prejudice: The Ancient
View of Blacks (Cambridge, Mass., 1983), 101–107 and passim. See
also Snowden’s Blacks in Antiquity: Ethiopians in the Greco-Roman Experience
(Cambridge, Mass, 1970).
4. Léon Poliakov, The History of Anti-Semitism, vol. I, From the
Time of Christ to the Court Jews, trans. Richard Howard (New York,
1965), 21.
5. For somewhat differing views of the transformation from
anti-Judaism to antisemitism, see Gavin I. Langmuir, Toward a
Definition of Antisemitism (Berkeley, 1990), 63–133; and Robert Chazan,
Medieval Stereotypes and Modern Antisemitism (Berkeley, 1997),
129–138.
6. On the power of conversion, see Gavin I. Langmuir, History,
Religion and Antisemitism (Berkeley, 1990), 292; and Norman
Cohn, The Pursuit of the Millennium: Revolutionary Millenarians and
Mystical Anarchists of the Middle Ages (New York, 1970), 70, 80. See
Mark R. Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle
Ages (Princeton, 1994), 77–88, for a succinct account of the changing
economic role of medieval Jewry.
7. Langmuir, Toward a Definition, 209–281. See also Miri
Rubin, Gentile Tales: The Narrative Assault on Medieval Jews (New
Haven, 1999).
8. Poliakov, History of Anti-Semitism, 1:137–144.
9. Quoted in Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross, 172.
10. Joshua Trachtenberg, The Devil and the Jews: The Medieval
Conception of the Jew and Its Relation to Modern Antisemitism (Philadelphia,
1983; orig. pub. 1943), 18.
11. See the forward by Marc Saperstein to the 1983 edition of
The Devil and the Jews.
172