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Christian Unity (the book) - The Maranatha Community

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CHAPTER 1CHRISTIAN UNITY IN THE EARLY CHURCHFor nearly <strong>the</strong> first 400 years of <strong>the</strong> Church’s history, <strong>the</strong> Church was abeleaguered minority in <strong>the</strong> Roman Empire, often drawn toge<strong>the</strong>r in afellowship of suffering. This was <strong>the</strong> period of spasmodic outbursts ofpersecution, at first from Judaism, but increasingly from <strong>the</strong> government of <strong>the</strong>Roman Empire, which came to see <strong>Christian</strong>s as anti-social disturbers of societyand a threat to <strong>the</strong> unity of <strong>the</strong> Empire.This was also <strong>the</strong> period of <strong>the</strong> rise of heresies and schisms, heresies which in<strong>the</strong>ir beliefs were inimical to <strong>the</strong> truth of <strong>the</strong> Gospel and schisms in which<strong>Christian</strong> groups split away from <strong>the</strong> main body of believers, hoping to form‘true’ and ‘pure’ churches.Gnosticism, in its various forms, challenged Biblical truth by saying that matterwas evil and had been created by a secondary, lesser god. This had all sorts ofimplications for <strong>the</strong> truth of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Christian</strong>s’ good news, particularly in denying<strong>the</strong> Incarnation and <strong>the</strong> Atonement of Jesus through his death on <strong>the</strong> Cross.Had Gnosticism won <strong>the</strong> day in <strong>the</strong> Church (and <strong>the</strong>re was a claim by some ofits exponents that it revealed <strong>Christian</strong> truth), <strong>the</strong> Church would have had nomessage of liberation from sin for all, no Trinity of <strong>the</strong> Godhead and nosupreme good God totally in charge of his world.<strong>The</strong> Church also had to resist a Judaising tendency, which wished to retainobedience to <strong>the</strong> Mosaic law as a way of salvation and to place Jesus in <strong>the</strong>category of a Jewish teacher with no claim to deity (as <strong>the</strong> Ebionites did). If <strong>the</strong>Judaisers had won <strong>the</strong> day in <strong>the</strong> Early Church, <strong>the</strong> <strong>Christian</strong> faith would havebecome no more than a sect of Judaism, with no message of a universalreconciliation of man and God through <strong>the</strong> mediation of One who was bothMan and God.<strong>Unity</strong> was a prime concern to <strong>Christian</strong> leaders of <strong>the</strong> period just after <strong>the</strong>deaths of <strong>the</strong> apostles and before <strong>the</strong> rise of <strong>the</strong> great Apologists of <strong>the</strong> faith.<strong>The</strong> writer of Clement of Rome’s Epistles to <strong>the</strong> Corinthians (c.95 AD) makesurgent appeals in his first letter for <strong>Christian</strong>s to submit to approved churchleaders who are in a succession of leaders descended from <strong>the</strong> apostles<strong>the</strong>mselves.Page 20

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