Jackson2013-Status and Trendsof Caribbean Coral Reefs

Map
Code
Contributor Location Time Period Year
Count
1 Alvarado et al.
2004 1 Cahuita
National
Park
2 Cortés, Jorge;
Fonseca, Ana/
CARICOMP* 2
Cahuita
National
Park
3 Cortés 1981 3 , Cahuita
1994 4 National
Park
4 Fonseca et al. Cahuita
2006 5 National
Park
5 Fonseca, Ana/
AGRRA* 6,7
Cahuita
National
Park
6 Myhre & Acevedo-Gutiérreca-Man-
Gando-
2007 8 zanillo
National
Wildlife
Refuge
Coral
Diadema
antillarum
1980, 1992 2 X
1999-2000,
2004-2011
1980-1981,
1992
Macroalgae
10 X X X
3 X X
Fish
2004 1 X X X X
1999-2000 2 X X X
2000, 2004 2 X
Table 10.1. Data sources from
Costa Rica. Map codes represent
individual studies. For exact
location of study, refer to Fig.
10.1; * denotes original data; for
full references, refer to published
literature sources in the last
section.
Fig. 10.2 Average percent cover of
live corals (A) and macroalgae (B),
density of Diadema antillarum (C),
and biomass of parrotfishes and
groupers (D) in Cahuita, Costa Rica.
Dotted line represents the average
of Caribbean data collected for this
report; solid lines are drawn through
data presented. (Codes same as in
Table 10.1 and Figure 10.1)
Timeline
1970: First documentation with description of coral reefs in Costa Rica (Caribbean coast), indicates presence
of sediments
1970-1980: Fish traps used on the reefs
1977: First study of Diadema antillarum (3.6-8.8/m 2 )
1978: First scientific publication describing reefs at Cahuita National Park (CNP), impact of sediments is high
but high diversity of coral species
1979-81: Detailed study of reefs at CNP, sediment is the main impact on reefs
1982-83: Bleaching event
1983: Mass mortality of Diadema antillarum; coral deaths due to high temperature
1984: Massive die off of sea fans
STATUS AND TRENDS OF CARIBBEAN CORAL REEFS: 1969-2012
153