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Jackson2013-Status and Trendsof Caribbean Coral Reefs

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NAVASSA<br />

ISLAND<br />

Coauthors: Margaret Miller, David McClellan<br />

<strong>and</strong> M<strong>and</strong>y Karnauskas<br />

Fig. 23.1 Map of Navassa Isl<strong>and</strong>, codes represent studies listed in Table 23.1. Missing map code(s) due to unavailable coordinates.<br />

Table 23.1 Data sources from<br />

Navassa Isl<strong>and</strong>. Map codes<br />

represent individual studies. For<br />

exact location of study, refer to Fig.<br />

23.1; * denotes original data; for<br />

full references, refer to published<br />

literature sources in the last section.<br />

Map<br />

Code<br />

Contributor Location Time Period Year<br />

Count<br />

<strong>Coral</strong><br />

Diadema<br />

antillarum<br />

Macroalgae<br />

2002, 2004,<br />

1 Miller, Margaret;<br />

5 X X<br />

McClellan, David* 1,2 2006, 2009,<br />

2012<br />

2 Miller, 2002 3 2000 1 X<br />

Fish<br />

Timeline<br />

July – August<br />

1998: Initial ecological characterization of Navassa <strong>Reefs</strong> by the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC)<br />

1999: Comprehensive fish inventory <strong>and</strong> terrestrial inventory including geological assessments by CMC<br />

2000: Surveys on echinoderms, molluscs, crustaceans <strong>and</strong> general reef status in shallow shelf habitats; initial<br />

documentation of artisanal fishing via hook-<strong>and</strong>-line <strong>and</strong> Antillean Z-traps.<br />

2002: Comprehensive reef assessment including fish counts, benthic community description <strong>and</strong> fishery<br />

description; first observation of net fishing<br />

2004: Hurricanes Charley <strong>and</strong> Ivan (Category 4)<br />

November<br />

2004: Severe disease outbreak; elevated fishing activity observed including extensive use of triple mesh entangling nets<br />

204 STATUS AND TRENDS OF CARIBBEAN CORAL REEFS: 1969-2012

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