MS AR 2018 (1)

Loans and receivables
Loan and receivables are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active
market. These are measured at amortised cost using effective interest method, less impairment (if any). Loans
and receivables comprise of long-term loans to employees, long-term deposits, trade debts, certain loans and
advances, certain deposits, prepayments and other receivables and cash and bank balances.
Financial liabilities and equity instruments
Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liability or as equity in
accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of financial liability and an
equity instrument.
Equity instruments:
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences residual interest in the assets of the Company, after deducting
all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognized at the proceeds received, net of
direct issue costs.
Financial liabilities:
Financial liabilities are generally classified into the following specified categories:
- Financial liabilities ‘at fair value through profit or loss’
- Other financial liabilities
The Company classifies its financial liabilities as ‘other financial liabilities’. The classification depends on the
nature and purpose of the financial liability and is determined at the time of initial recognition.
Other financial liabilities:
The Company initially recognizes these liabilities on the date that they are originated or the date that the Company
becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. The Company derecognizes a financial liability
when its contractual obligations are discharged, cancelled or expired. These financial liabilities are recognized
initially at fair value less any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, these financial
liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Financial liabilities comprise of
long-term financing, certain trade and other payables, unclaimed dividends, accrued profit / interest / mark-up,
short-term loans from banking companies and short-term loans from Directors and their relatives.
Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the statement of financial
position if the Company has a legally enforceable right to setoff the recognized amounts and intends either to
settle on a net basis or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
Impairment
Financial assets are assessed at each reporting date to determine whether there is objective evidence that they
are impaired. A financial asset is impaired if objective evidence indicates that a loss event has occurred after the
initial recognition of the asset, and that the loss event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows
of that asset that can be estimated reliably. Objective evidence that financial assets are impaired may include
default or delinquency by a debtor, indications that a debtor or issuer will enter bankruptcy.
All individually significant assets are assessed for specific impairment. All individually significant assets found
not to be specifically impaired are then collectively assessed for any impairment that has been incurred but not
yet identified. Assets that are not individually significant are collectively assessed for impairment by grouping
together assets with similar risk characteristics.
100 MUGHAL IRON & STEEL INDUSTRIES LIMITED