Nasb-and-the-Nawasib

Nabī H married the daughter of Abū Sufyān ibn Ḥarb and did not
marry a Hāshimiyyah; He married only one of his daughters in the Banū
Hāshim and three of them in the Banū Umayyah. As a result Islam did
not exclusively remain on either side so that the other remains a target
of hatred. Rather Allah E united their hearts and by his favour they
became brothers. 1
The Second Cause: Killing of fathers and relatives
This is from two angles:
1. ʿAlī I killing their forefathers in Badr
A group of Twelver scholars, many of the Zaydiyyah 2 and some
contemporary scholars have averred that the hatred of most of the
Umayyads for ʿAlī I 3 did not take root after the murder of ʿUthmān
I specifically. Their hatred for him is rather linked to the many battles
that ensued between Nabī H and the polytheists of Makkah, like the
battle of Badr, in which ʿAlī I managed to kill some of their forefathers
and relatives. They go on to narrate that Muʿāwiyah I said the following
to his people on the day of Ṣiffīn:
ما من أحد إل وقد قتل علي أباه أو أخاه أو ولده
There is not anyone but that ʿAlī has killed his father, brother, or son. 4
These killings had allegedly left them disillusioned and upset with him,
but they were unable to express that previously. Then, as soon as ʿUthmān
I was martyred they found the time opportune to seek revenge from
1 Al-Anwār al-Kāshifah 169, 270.
2 Minhāj al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah 6/331.
3 The Twelvers add that most of the people of the Quraysh and those besides them hated him due to
him killing their children, their brothers, and their relatives. See: Sharḥ Iḥqāq al-Ḥaqq 7/400, 416.
4 Al-Ḥāʾirī: Shajarah Ṭūbā 2/333.
185