Nasb-and-the-Nawasib

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This term was very often used by the later historians who documented the eventsof that era. 1 Hence when al-Jāḥiẓ wrote his book regarding the issue of Imāmahin which he comprehensively discussed the evidences and views of those whoimpugn ʿAlī I and his Khilāfah, he named his book al-ʿUthmāniyyah.Later on, much of expansion had occurred in the usage and the purport of theterm ‘ʿUthmāniyyah’. As a result, some of its meanings were considered to besynonymous with Naṣb, subsequent to which Naṣb replaced it 2 and it, the termʿUthmāniyyah, no more remained popular.1 Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī 3/503; Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī 2/187; al-Badʾ wa al-Tārīkh 5/123, 209; Tārīkh Dimashq 49/465;al-Muntaẓam 5/150; al-Kāmil fī al-Tārīkh 3/229, 232; Majmūʿ Fatāwā Shaykh al-Islām 35/73; Minhāj al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah 6/199; Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ 3/39; al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah 7/252, 314; Tārīkh IbnKhaldūn 2/641, 4/381.2 When analysing the various usages of the scholars of the term ʿUthmānī it becomes abundantlyclear that its purport was very general and vast and that it passed through various stages. It thereforeincludes a variety of people who all have one thing in common, inclination toward ʿUthmān I.The first usage: It was used to refer to those who respected ʿUthmān I and gave him preferenceover ʿAlī I in merit, but without impugning ʿAlī I and denying his lofty rank. This was the initialusage of this term, for Ibn ʿAbbās I used it as well, as is stated in al-Iḥkām of Ibn Ḥazm 6/315. Andit is probably this meaning which is meant when this term is used to describe many of the scholars,especially those from Baṣrah and Kūfah.Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Ḥajr I has defined a ʿUthmānī in the following way in his book in his book Fatḥ al-Bārī6/191: “A person who give preference to ʿUthmān I over ʿAlī I in virtue”. Also see ʿUmdat al-Qārī15/12.A report which is documented by al-Khallāl in his al-Sunnah (2/324) supports this meaning:Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Bakr al-Shaybānī narrates from Saʿīd ibn Abī ʿArūbah that he said,“When a person would pass by the early scholars and they were told that he is a ʿUthmānīthey would love that.” The narrator says, “I asked Saʿīd, “Why would that be?” He said,“Because he gave preference to ʿUthmān but did not denigrate ʿAlī.”Likewise another report which is documented by al-Fasawī in his al-Maʿrifah wa al-Tārīkh alsosupports this meaning. He says:I heard ʿAṭāʾ saying, “I said to Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, who was a ʿUthmānī, “It seems as thoughyou display more disinterest in the narrations you heard from ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib.” He replied,“Certainly the narrations I have heard from ʿAlī I are more beloved to me than red camels.”continued.....90
11continued frim page 90It is for this reason we find that many a times the term ʿUthmānī is contrasted with the term ʿAlawī, oreven at times Shīʿī. In which case ʿAlawī would refer to a person who believes in giving preference toʿAlī I over ʿUthmān I. To see examples of this contrast refer to: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 3/1120; TārīkhBaghdād 10/201; al-Kāmil fī Ḍuʿafāʾ al-Rijāl 6/236; Tārīkh Madīnah Dimashq 24/199.This is also the reason why many of the Ṣaḥābah M were described as ʿUthmānīs after theoccurrence of the Fitnah, tribulation. Their ʿUthmānī status did not mean anything more than givingʿUthmān I preference over ʿAlī I and being inclined toward him. Hence Abū ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-Barr mentions the following in his book al-Istīʿāb 2/540:ʿUthmān I loved Zayd ibn Thābit I, and Zayd was a ʿUthmānī. He did not participate in any of thebattles with ʿAlī I, but despite that he would give preference to ʿAlī I and display love for him.Ibn Athīr likewise mentions:Zayd ibn Thābit I was a ʿUthmānī. He did not participate in any of the battles with ʿAlī I.But he would respect him tremendously and acknowledge his virtue. (Fayḍ al-Qadīr 2/22).Ḥassān ibn Thābit I was likewise described with the same. See: al-Badʾ wa al-Tārīkh 5/209; Tārīkhal-Ṭabarī 3/67; al-Kāmil fī al-Tārīkh 3/156.So was al-Nuʿmān ibn Bashīr (See: Ibn Saʿd: al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā 6/53), Muʿāwiyah ibn Ḥudayj (See: al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā 7/503; Tarīkh al-Ṭabarī 3/204; Tārīkh Madīnah Dimashq 59/19; al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah8/61), and Busr ibn Arṭāh, if authentically proven (see: al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā 7/409).Furthermore, hereunder are the names of some scholars and transmitters of ḥadīth who were dubbedʿUthmānīs:• Bishr ibn al-Mufaḍḍal al-Raqqāshī ( al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā 7/290)• Qays ibn Ḥāzim (Ibn al-Madīnī: al-ʿIlal 1/50)• Mūsā ibn Ṭarīf ( Suʾālāt Abī ʿUbayd al-Ājurrī 1/141)• Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī ( al-Maʿrifah wa al-Tārīkh 2/240)• ʿĀṣim ibn Abī al-Najūd ( Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ 5/258)• ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAwn ( Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ 6/365)• Ḥammād ibn Zayd ( Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ 7/463)• Masrūq ( Maʿrifah al-Thiqāt 1/460)• Ṭalḥah ibn Muṣarrif al-Yāmī ( Maʿrifah al-Thiqāt 1/479)• ʿAbd Allāh ibn Idrīs ibn Yazīd al-Awdī ( Maʿrifah al-Thiqāt 2/21)• ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī al-Hudhayl ( Maʿrifah al-Thiqāt 2/64)• ʿUthmān ibn ʿĀṣim, Abū Ḥuṣayn al-Asadī ( Maʿrifah al-Thiqāt 2/129)• Fūḍayl ibn Ghazwān al-Ḍabbī ( Maʿrifah al-Thiqāt 2/207)• Muḥammad ibn ʿUbayd al-Ṭanāfisī ( Maʿrifah al-Thiqāt 2/247) continued....91
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Naṣb and the NawāṣibA doctrina
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ContentsIntroduction 7The Reason fo
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The Seventh Cause: The Effects of t
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IntroductionAll praise is for Allah
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The Reason for Choosing the Topic1.
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c. The areas of Naṣb.d.The effort
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arranged according to chapters. Whe
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belongs all praise in the beginning
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Hereunder are the various positions
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Allah E has deemed His Nabī H a co
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are like stars, whoever you will fo
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This position is attributed to Jā
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2.3.4.5.Placing the condition of on
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لما كان لفظ الصحبة
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In order to gauge their merit and l
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Verse 2:لَ‏ يَسْ‏ تَو
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Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī I narrates
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Indeed, the soul is a persistent en
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Abū Nuʿaym 1 says:الواجب ع
Page 39 and 40: Whoever reviles the Ṣaḥābah of
Page 41 and 42: that reviling can lead to either di
Page 43 and 44: Firstly, delving into this topic ca
Page 45 and 46: حدثناهم بغضب صحاب م
Page 47 and 48: has kept my hands pure. Hence I wou
Page 49 and 50: The Ahl al-Bayt and their Status ac
Page 51 and 52: In addition to that, the word Āl h
Page 53 and 54: Hence Ibn ʿAbbās L would say:نز
Page 55 and 56: O Prophet, say to your wives, “If
Page 57 and 58: O Allah make the sustenance of the
Page 59 and 60: من سره أن يكتال بال
Page 61 and 62: When the dates would be harvested t
Page 63 and 64: Firstly, this ḥadīth explicitly
Page 65 and 66: For instance, consider the followin
Page 67 and 68: سئل رسول الله صلى ا
Page 69 and 70: ConclusionIn conclusion, the prefer
Page 71 and 72: sufficient to note that Allah E rev
Page 73 and 74: No one besides Allah and then you h
Page 75 and 76: Masjid of Rasūl Allāh H, commit a
Page 77 and 78: him being the relative of Rasūl Al
Page 79 and 80: أما القول برفع العق
Page 81 and 82: The First DiscussionThe Concept of
Page 83 and 84: من قال:‏ فالن مشبه
Page 85 and 86: 304 A.H., al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdād
Page 87 and 88: This is stated by Ibn Sīdah, 1 Ibn
Page 89: specifically applies to the Khawār
Page 93 and 94: This transition conveys to us the d
Page 95 and 96: However, it should be noted that in
Page 97 and 98: not deem them Nawāṣib and did no
Page 99 and 100: The reason for this confusion is th
Page 101 and 102: Ibn Muṭahhar al-Ḥillī 1 has st
Page 103 and 104: in the Dīn according to them. The
Page 105 and 106: المراد به ‏)أي النا
Page 107 and 108: Likewise when one of the poets said
Page 109 and 110: Therefore some of them have accused
Page 111 and 112: 5. A person who rejects a tradition
Page 113 and 114: Al-Jawāhirī has likewise consider
Page 115 and 116: Therefore, we find that al-Mufīd h
Page 117 and 118: In this regard there are two views:
Page 119 and 120: And al-Khājūʾī says:جل الم
Page 121 and 122: The Second Sub-ChapterThe History o
Page 123 and 124: H due to him waging war against the
Page 125 and 126: Probably the reason why these exhor
Page 127 and 128: Thereafter in the latter part of hi
Page 129 and 130: Without a doubt, it is not valid to
Page 131 and 132: Basrah, amongst others. 1 Why shoul
Page 133 and 134: His Absence in the Pledge of Riḍw
Page 135 and 136: Hence this initiative of ʿUthmān
Page 137 and 138: Thereafter the dispute shifted to
Page 139 and 140: كان القوم يختلفون إ
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Al-Subkī mentions:ل نحفظ عن
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O Allah, will all my blood ever suf
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And ʿAbd Allah ibn Salām I said t
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Could not get translation for this
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Ṭalḥah was the first person to
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كان إذا سئل عنه ‏)ي
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is ʿĀʾishah J cursing the killer
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to be murdered and that ʿAlī I or
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make him a sign and a lesson today.
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However, it should be noticed that
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That is why Anas I would say:إن
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This was the case of most of the pe
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وزادنا حنقا قتلى تذ
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Ibn Taymiyyah has alluded to this w
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Reality attests that extremism is o
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And when it is said to them, “Fol
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On the other hand, in Iraq as well
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people would mention in their gathe
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Likewise Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam wou
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whose first priority was leadership
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message which brought their glory a
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he would never have confided in the
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Nabī H married the daughter of Ab
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ما بال هذا المر في أ
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in order to take revenge from his f
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completely normal when referring to
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accusations he will come across, fo
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• Kūfah and BaṣrahAlthough the
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وقد قامت لإلباضية د
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1• Zanjibār (Zanzibar)The Ibā
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1• KarkūyahYāqūt al-Ḥamawī
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There were two primary reasons whic
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However, in a very short time they
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Al-Idrīsī 1 has made mention of t
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1• The Zīzwā IslandAl-Idrīsī
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1• QābisIbn al-Athīr 2 and al-A
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The Second Category: Areas where Na
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Similarly its prevalence was not li
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In addition, probably the greatest
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إذا كنت في الشام فا
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له ذرية في العراق ي
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Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī 1 has alluded
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of Ijtihād (application of oneself
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The Fourth DiscussionThe Efforts of
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Ibn Taymiyyah says:يجب المر
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The second principle: They were not
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Akin to his situation was the situa
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Hence, they would not suffice on re
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them in Baṣrah and Shām, 1 Ibn a
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the scholars of the Ahl al-Sunnah e
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rightly guided Khulafāʾ, or the m
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in specific. Hence many of them com
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The narrations about fighting the K
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rationale behind debating them was
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كان شديدا على الخوا
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Likewise in Kūfah, Saʿīd ibn Zay
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Similarly, some of the Ṣaḥābah
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May Allah have mercy upon ʿAlī. I
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At another occasion a similar incid
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إن سليمان بن عبد ال
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He again demanded, “By Allah you
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متى بلغك أن الله تع
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كيف يكون من قتل الح
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حريز بن عثمان ليس ب
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That is why Abū Khaythamah 1 disca
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The Third Sub-ChapterThe Stance of
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The Umayyads are considered to be t
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Likewise, due to their immense hatr
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the influence of these interests is
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However, this does not exonerated t
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slave who was falsely attributed to
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mentioned. If he repented from them
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which case they still remained Musl
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So it was the familial ties which p
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ما ولدت أم محفز ألم
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was because they conceded the merit
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Furthermore, just as people fight f
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ولست بقاتل رجال يصل
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كان محمد بن علي بن أ
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lashed and crucified. 1 He also ord
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Hishām ibn Ḥassān 1 says:أحص
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هذا من جرأة الحجاج
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ما بقيت حرمة إل وقد
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for Saʿīd has died,” (this will
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to the advice of Rasūl Allah H reg
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Ibn Ḥazm has stated that after th
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noting that the Alawids throughout
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إن أهل البيت من بني
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of the Alawids becoming propelled b
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that you refrain?” If it is becau
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In all probability, Muʿāwiyah I h
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Even after the demise of Ḥasan I,
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centred around advancing the merits
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Upon which the former said:أما
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diminishing, depending on the surro
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He replied:أما الشعبي فل
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From the changes that he effected,
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أنت نزهتنا عن السب
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Every nation has a highbred and the
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They brought him down from the pulp
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From all the aforementioned, it is
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it is reported that he would exceed
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1• ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī La
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Ibn Ḥajr states, “The reason wh
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they believed that they were disbel
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These brutal measures had surely pu
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The question might arise as to the
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was due to latter promising office
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these matters politically demanding
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Probably the most outstanding proof
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Three people are very odd: an Alawi
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And Al-Muktafī bī Allāh 1 also c
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1continued from page 3641 ➢➢ Th
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1continued from page 3661 ➢➢He
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infuriated with the Umayyads. 1 Thi
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of your rights as long as you ackno
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ʿAlī were one due to them both be
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Abū Jaʿfar himself had alluded to
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This brutality, confinement and app
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And another said:تالله ما ف
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Probably the first indication towar
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or the pre-Islamic era in this worl
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Al-Mahdī rewarded him with seventy
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The impugning and tarnishing of ʿA
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Inheritance is not for anyone besid
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This conflict was not going to carr
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Much importance was paid to the pro
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