Business Potential for Agricultural Biotechnology - Asian Productivity ...

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Business Potential for Agricultural Biotechnology Products in the Philippines Process Regula- Specific concern Agency Requirement tion involved Biotech products (BP) EO 240 •Import for contained use •NCBP •Permit Laboratory evaluation EO 240 •Use of GMO in lab •NCBP •Permit experiments •Lab facilities Committee Greenhouse evaluation EO 240 Contained field trial EO 240 •Limited release in field – 151 – •DOST, DENR, DA •BPI implements monitoring •Certification Commercialization AO 8 •Import for direct use •Permit Market •local —Food safety RA 3720 •Evaluate protein (identify, function, dietary exposure, nutrition, digestibility, toxicity, allergenic factor) —Feed safety •Feeding trial •Nutritional equivalent —Env. safety •Susceptibility to insects/disease •Impact on beneficiation/nontarget organisms •foreign Consumer’s acceptance •labeling •risk communication Utilization •seed •food •feed •others Imported BP RA 7394 •Out-crossing •Monitoring •DTI RA 7394 •Labeling •Risk communication •Ethical clearance •DA-STRP, BAFPS, BPI, BFAD Figure 4. Process Flow of Regulating Biotechnology Products •Expertise •Laboratory •BAI •Expertise •Laboratory •DENR •Expertise •DTI •Advocacy Source: Faylon et. al., 2003 The guidelines for the implementation of the Plant Variety Protection Law were formulated in 2004. The law recognizes plant breeders’ rights; breeders include individuals who have generated varieties using the required criteria. REGULATORY CONSUMER’S CHOICE
Business Potential for Agricultural Biotechnology Products Public Acceptance Public acceptance of modern biotechnology was clearly attained last year when the Philippines joined for the first time the mega-country group producing agricultural biotech products. The Philippines now ranks 14 among mega-countries producing agricultural biotech products (Table 3). This was made possible by the contributions of the various advocates for modern biotechnology and the growing policy support provided by the government. The advocacy activities paved the way for a more open and transparent dialogue among key stakeholders—government, the private sector, academia, NGOs, and farmers. It also blocked the passage of bills and resolutions in Congress attempting to impose a moratorium on activities related to biotechnology and GMOs. Particularly in 2000, during the height of anti-biotech sentiments, Senate Report No. 397 recommended that the proposed moratorium on activities related to biotechnology and GMOs would in effect stifle the impetus of human innovation and inventiveness and exclude the Philippines from the tide of technological advances now prevalent elsewhere in the world. Table 3. Mega-countries Producing Agricultural Biotechnology (Bt corn) Products Country Million hectares (planted to Bt corn) Percent USA 47.6 59 Argentina 16.2 20 Canada 5.4 6 Brazil 5.0 6 China 3.7 5 Paraguay 1.2 5 India 0.5 1 South Africa 0.5 1 Uruguay 0.3 less than 1 Australia 0.2 less than 1 Romania 0.1 less than 1 Mexico 0.1 less than 1 Spain 0.1 less than 1 Philippines 0.1 less than 1 Source: Philippines Today, 2005 Among the different actors who played major roles in biotechnology advocacy were, in no particular order, the various professional groups and nongovernment organizations, such as the Biotechnology Coalition of the Philippines and the Philippine Maize Farmers Association, private companies like Monsanto Philippines and Pioneer-Dupont, regional and international organizations like the Southeast Asia Regional Center for Agriculture-Biotechnology Information Center and the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications, public research institutions such as the University of the Philippines National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology and Institute of Plant Breeding, and government departments such as the DOST–National Academy of Science and Technology and the Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD) as well as the Department of Agriculture DA–Biotechnology Implementation Unit Policy Support The key government policy support that set the stage for the application of modern biotechnology was direct funding support for R&D and capability building. Five projects in genetic engineering were approved by former President Fidel V. Ramos in 1997. From 1998 to 2002, a – 152 –
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From: Business Potential for Agricu
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Report of the APO Multi-country Stu
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Part IV Appendices 5. Agricultural
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Part I Summary of Findings
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Business Potential for Agricultural
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1. WHY AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY?
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2. GLOBAL STATUS AND TRENDS OF COMM
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Global Status and Trends of Commerc
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Frontiers and Advances in Transgeni
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Frontiers and Advances in Transgeni
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4. DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF B
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Development and Application of Biof
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Development and Application of Biof
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Current Status of the Transgenic Ap
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6. COMMERCIAL-SCALE PRODUCTION OF V
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Commercial-scale Production of Valu
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7. COMMERCIALIZATION OF AGRICULTURA
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Commercialization of Agricultural C
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1. MARCHING TOWARDS THE MARKET: THE
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The Business Potential of Agricultu
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2. THE BUSINESS POTENTIAL AND DEVEL
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The Developmental Strategy for Agri
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R&D Priorities for Biopesticide and
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R&D Priorities for Biopesticide and
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