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172 Medicinski Glasnik, Volumen 6, Number 2, August 2009 10. Bedenić B, Žagar Ž. Extended-spectrum 11. β-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Zagreb, Croatia. J Chemother 1998;10:449-59. Bedenić B, Randegger CC, Stobberingh E, Hachler H. Molecular epidemiology of extendedspectrum β-lactamases from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in Zagreb, Croatia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2001; 20:505-8. 12. Bedenić B, Schmidt H, Herold S, Monaco M, Plečko V, Kalenić S, Skrlin J. Spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing SHV-5 β-lactamase in Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb. J Chemother 2005; 17:367-75. 13. Queenan AM; Foleno B, Gownley C, Wira E, Bush K. Effects of inoculum and β-lactamase activity in AmpC and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates tested by using NCCLS ESBL methodology. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:269-75. 14. Kang CI, Pai, H, Kim SB, Kim HB, Kim EC, Oh MD, Choe KW. Cefepime and the inoculum effect in tests with Klebsiella pneumoniae producing plasmid-mediated AmpC-type β-lactamase. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004; 54:1130-3. 15. Bedenić B, Beader N, Žagar Ž. Effect of inoculum size on the antibacterial activity of cefpirome and cefepime against Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing SHV extended-spectrum β-lactamases. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001; 7: 626-35. 16. Wiseman LR, Wagstaff AJ, Brogden RN, Bryson HM: Meropenem: A Review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacy. Drugs 1995; 50:73-101. 17. Betriu C, Salso S, Sanchez A, Culebras E, Gomez M, Rodrigez-Avial I, Picazo JJ. Comparative in vitro activity and the inoculum effect of ertapenem against Enterobacteriaceae resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2006; 28:1-5. 18. Amyes SGB, Miles RS. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases: the role of inhibitors in the therapy 1998; 42:415-7.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Comparison of the frequency and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from human infections, retail poultry meat and poultry in Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina Selma Uzunović-Kamberović 1 , Tina Zorman 2 , Ingrid Berce 3 , Lieve Herman 4 , Sonja Smole Možina 2 1 2 Cantonal Public Health Institute Zenica, Laboratory for Clinical and Sanitary Microbiology, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina; University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department for Food science and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Institute of Public Health Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia; 4Agricultural Research Center-Ghent, Department for Animal Product Quality and Transformation Technology, Melle, Belgium; Corresponding author: Selma Uzunović-Kamberović, Cantonal Public Health Institute Zenica, Laboratory for Clinical and Sanitary Microbiology, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina Phone: +387 32 443 580; Fax.: +387 32 443 530; Email: selma_kamb@yahoo.com Original submission: 06 January 2009; Revised submission: 17 March 2009; Accepted: 06 April 2009. Med Glas 2009; 6(2): 173-180 ABSTRACT Aim To compare the frequency of isolation and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among C. jejuni and C. coli isolated in humans, retail poultry meat and poultry. Methods Fifty-three human, 52 retail poultry meat and 15 poultry Campylobacter jejuni/coli isolates were investigated for antibiotic susceptibility to eight antimicrobials by disk-diffusion method. Erythromycin and ciprofloxacin susceptibility were further determined by E-test, and additionally the MICs of erythromycin and ciprofloxacin were determined using the broth microdilution method. Results Prevalence of C. coli in humans, retail poultry meat and poultry was 28.3%, 56.9% and 53.3%, respectively. No significant differences were found in the overall resistance rates between C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from all three sources (p>0.05). Erythromycin and ciprofloxacin resistance was high and similar in humans, retail poultry meat and poultry (26.4%, 35.3%, 26.7%, and 32.1%, 23.5%, 26.7%, respectively) (p>0.05). C. jejuni displayed higher prevalence of resistance to erythromycin than C. coli in all investigated sources (p>0.05). All ciprofloxacin and 94.4% of erythromycin positive isolates were highly resistant (≥ 32 μg/mL and ≥128 μg/mL, respectively). Conclusion The high prevalence of C. coli isolates from humans, poultry meat and poultry and higher both overall and erythromycin-resistance in C. jejuni than in C. coli isolates suggests that there may be a common source in the environment, which might be absent in other geographical regions. Further studies are required to determine the role of efflux mechanism in erythromycin- and ciprofloxacin-resistance related to the level of resistance. Key words: ciprofloxacin-resistance, erythromycin-resistance, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli 173
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284 ERRATUM Quality of the cardiova
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