The Impact of Energy Use on Poor Urban Livelihoods in ... - DfID

Aspirations
To get TSh5,000,000 for improving
education and health for family
members or build a house to rent
as an IGA
To get a pick up truck for use in
household duties, fast and reliable
means <strong>of</strong> getting to various places
including farm.
Improve environment by growing
fruit, trees around house.
Everyone should get strive to
improve their environment (urban
and rural areas).
Case Studies
Assets
Natural
Physical
Financial
A Study <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Energy</strong> on Poor Urban Livelihoods in Arusha, Tanzania
To get a loan <strong>of</strong> TSh1,000,000 to
boost capital or farm.
Lower tariff for domestic electricity.
Lower medical costs and water bills
S<strong>of</strong>t loan <strong>of</strong> TSh 50,000 to open
a business.
Subsidy on energy, especially
electricity tariff for domestic
use.Cheap alternative type <strong>of</strong>
energy.
DARAJA MBILI
MHH FHH
N-P P N-P P
Own land on which house built.
Surveyed plot. Bought in 1974. No
surrounding land.
Stall for 3 (exotic) dairy goats.
Produce 11/2-2 ltr <strong>of</strong> milk per day for
family consumption. Farm Arumeru
District
Own house - built 1974
Connected to urban water
supply/piped water.
Not connected to sewage pipe
Electricity connection. - Main use -
lights; ironing, fridge, radio, TV and
telephone.
Own pit latrine
Well furnished - s<strong>of</strong>as; carpets
No vehicles <strong>of</strong> any kind
Father only wage earner. An
accountant at a seed company –
Popvriend Ltd. a Dutch co. based in
Unga Ltd. Permanent job and
pensionable.
Size <strong>of</strong> income not disclosed.
Problems paying electricity bills
(TSh68,000/month).
Able to borrow money from
employer.
Wife contributes to household
income; sells 'vitenge' from home.
Dependents cook chapati and buns
and sell to neighbours. Goats kept
in a stall within the compound.
Does not like loans because
potential problem <strong>of</strong> repayment if
business fails
Bought land in 1979. Area not
surveyed. No room for garden
or livestock.
.
Own house built <strong>of</strong> cement
blocks; part still under
construction.
No piped water; well or access
to spring water.
Buys from neighbour at Tsh20
for 20 liters.
Have a pit latrine. When full
have to demolish a room and
dig/build a new one.
Minimal furnishings
No vehicles <strong>of</strong> any kind
Husband works at Arusha
Hotel Training Institute as a
night watchman
(Hans Seiziel Foundation).
Like casual labour. No
pension.
Difficulty paying school fees
and medical expenses.
Can try to get a loan from work
but it is not guaranteed and
<strong>of</strong>ten too small. Have to make
do with inferior services.
Owns land on which house
built but area not surveyed.
Bought in 1994 from original
landlord. Previously lived in
rented accommodation.
No room for garden. No
livestock
Owns own house Constructed
from cement blocks. Municipal
trucks can not drain septic
tank when full.
Has a flush toilet but not
connected to water supply at
present (plans to do so once
economic situation better).
Family pit latrine.
Connected to electricity; only
use for lighting.
Basic furnishing and
equipment; no carpet. No
vehicles <strong>of</strong> any kind.
No wage earner other than
herself.
Size <strong>of</strong> income not disclosed
but gardens near railway line
and has a grocery kiosk where
sells garden produce.
Difficulties paying school fees
and medical expenses.
Belongs to 2 groups:
Kibati (40 members -
TSh1,000 or 5,000/month
depending on income.
Draw according to amount
paid in. Women's group (60).
TSh1,000/month. Received
TSh 30,000 non-refundable
when mother sick.
Secure a s<strong>of</strong>t loan from a
financial institution
TSh200,000 to boost
business.
Be connected to electricity
so can use for her IGA.
Price <strong>of</strong> electricity is reduced
Cost <strong>of</strong> medical services
reduced – for easier access.
Education costs reduced
Bought land in 1972 and
construction work on
house began in 1973.
All land used for house -
no garden or livestock.
House mud and poles.
Gradually added
cement/plaster and
marble ash.
No piped water, well or
access to spring water.
Family pit latrine. Septic
tank not yet full but can
be drained by AMC.
Waste water thrown in
street or if very dirty
thrown into small pit.
Electricity disconnected
since 1998. Couldn't pay
after death <strong>of</strong> husband
who was breadwinner.
No curtains. Basic
furnishing and
equipment. No vehicles
<strong>of</strong> any kind.
She has no income
generating activities?
Elder son does casual
labour and contributes
some money. Elder
sister an IGA and
contributes.
Children do some
household chores.
Difficulty with school
fees for grandchildren &
medical expenses
Development Planning Unit, UCL London
Dr. Sheilah Meikle and Patrice North