The Impact of Energy Use on Poor Urban Livelihoods in ... - DfID

A Study <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>of</strong> energy use on poor urban livelihoods in Arusha, Tanzania
Figure 6.2: <strong>Energy</strong> problems - questions and answers (continued)
Solutions
� Creation <strong>of</strong> awareness <strong>of</strong> alternative sources
<strong>of</strong> energy
� Less restriction by government on the use <strong>of</strong>
charcoal
� Income generation activities to raise money
for energy
� Availability <strong>of</strong> s<strong>of</strong>t loans
� Create awareness <strong>of</strong> alternative sources <strong>of</strong>
energy
� Provide enabling environment for economic
activities
� Involve women in IGAs
� Entrepreneurship development
Q6. Implications <strong>of</strong> men making majority <strong>of</strong> household energy decisions?
� Men own and control all means <strong>of</strong> production
and resources at household Level
� Patriarchal systems <strong>of</strong> decision-making
� Cultural practices
� Women’s low education
� Inadequate knowledge <strong>of</strong> women and their
rights
� Lack <strong>of</strong> control <strong>of</strong> resources by women
� Awareness creation on the need for men to
involve women in the decision-making
process
� Women’s rights to be observed by the
community
� Equal rights between men and women at all
levels
� Discourage negative cultural practices
� Legal education for women
� Too expensive
� Irregular supply <strong>of</strong> electricity
� Low income
� Lack <strong>of</strong> knowledge <strong>of</strong> how to use it
Solutions
� Education on its uses and how to use it
� Income generation activities
� Subordination <strong>of</strong> women makes them lose
confidence
� Men own and control resources at household
level
� More men have education compared to women
� Men’s superiority complex
� Cultural practices
� Women’s low education
� Lack <strong>of</strong> confidence in women
Solutions
� Awareness creation on the need for men to
involve women in the decision making process
� Frequent community meetings for exchange <strong>of</strong>
ideas between men and women
� <strong>Use</strong> <strong>of</strong> opinion leaders to create awareness to
men
Q7. Cannot use electricity as we would like to
� Too expensive
� Electricity can be dangerous and harmful
� Low income
� Lack <strong>of</strong> knowledge on how to use it
� Education on its uses and how to use it
Q8. Lack <strong>of</strong> knowledge about different types <strong>of</strong> energy, efficient use <strong>of</strong> energy, and safe and
efficient energy technologies
� Lack <strong>of</strong> exposure to alternative
� Lack <strong>of</strong> exposure to alternative
technologies
technologies
� Low income
� Low education
� Lack <strong>of</strong> energy distribution centres
� Habit
� Lack <strong>of</strong> constant availability
� Lack <strong>of</strong> constant availability
Solutions
� Dept. Of Community Development to design
training programmes on energy technologies
� Economic empowerment
� Dept. <strong>of</strong> Community Development to provide
s<strong>of</strong>t loans for access to technologies
Source: Intervention workshops
6.3 <strong>The</strong> outcomes
<strong>The</strong>re are two main issues which receive consideration here: the nature <strong>of</strong> the action
plans developed in the intervention workshops and the resources and institutional
position required to ensure the implementation <strong>of</strong> sustainable interventions.
Action plans
<strong>The</strong> action plans are set out in figures 6.3 to 6.6. From these it can be seen that the
estimated total cost for the activities identified in the two wards is almost the same at
- 58 -
Development Planning Unit, UCL London
Dr. Sheilah Meikle and Patrice North