The Impact of Energy Use on Poor Urban Livelihoods in ... - DfID

A Study <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>of</strong> energy use on poor urban livelihoods in Arusha, Tanzania
Figure 5.15 Preferred fuels, households in percentages
Daraja Mbili Kaloleni
Non-poor Poor Non-poor Poor
FHH MHH FHH MHH FHH MHH FHH MHH
Electricity 20 60 14 67 40 93 67 87
LPG - - - - 0 7 0 7
Kerosene 7 0 0 13 0 7 0 7
Charcoal 0 0 0 7 0 0 7 0
Solar 0 7 0 0 0 0 7 0
Biogas 0 0 0 7 - - - -
Firewood 0 0 0 7 - - - -
Source: semi-structured interviews
5.4.3 Available physical energy assets
<strong>The</strong> study team observed the use, or presence, <strong>of</strong> the following pieces <strong>of</strong> equipment
that are used domestically.
� Fridges (these were mostly reported in female headed non-poor households in
both wards)
� Iron (electric) and iron (charcoal) which one poor female headed household
reported borrowing from a neighbour
� One gas stove , which was owned by a male headed non-poor household but
without the cylinder
� Electric stove (2 ring). Both non-poor and poor households in Daraja Mbili have
and use these
� 1 heater was reported
� Radios and TVs
� Videos and microwaves (non-poor only)
<strong>The</strong> team also observed two
types <strong>of</strong> kerosene lamps used
for lighting: a hurricane lamp
and a karaboi /kibatari which
are <strong>of</strong>ten made from small
recycled cans.
<strong>Use</strong> <strong>of</strong> energy saving stoves
Charcoal and sawdust energy saving stoves
are not used because they are more
expensive compared to ordinary stoves.
Youth Focus Group, Kaloleni
- 44 -
Woman holding a 'kibatari' lamp
<strong>The</strong>re is minimal use <strong>of</strong> energy saving stoves. Perhaps as a result <strong>of</strong> their awareness <strong>of</strong> the
amount <strong>of</strong> money spent on fuel, relative to their incomes, female-headed households in Daraja
Mbili are more aware <strong>of</strong> them than male headed households.
A firewood energy saving stove can be built in the kitchen
using clay soil. Only 2 pieces <strong>of</strong> firewood are sufficient to
cook beans until tender. <strong>The</strong> stove can hold 3 cooking
pans at the same time.
Blandina Nkini, CDO, Kaloleni
Development Planning Unit, UCL London
Dr. Sheilah Meikle and Patrice North