The Impact of Energy Use on Poor Urban Livelihoods in ... - DfID

More documents

Recommendations

Info

, Figure 6.5: <strong>Energy</strong> focus groups institutional position Ministry <strong>of</strong> C.D. Gender and Children’s Affairs CDTI A Study <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Energy</strong> use on Poor Women/Girls Livelihoods in Arusha, Tanzania Daraja Mbili <strong>Energy</strong> Focal Point Ministry <strong>of</strong> Local Government AMC Kaloleni <strong>Energy</strong> Focal Point WODSTA - 63 - Development Planning Unit, UCL London Sheilah Meikle and Patrice North
A Study <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Energy</strong> use on Poor Women/Girls Livelihoods in Arusha, Tanzania 7. CONCLUSIONS AND THE WAY AHEAD 7.1 Introduction <strong>The</strong> conclusions in this chapter relate to the implications that can be drawn from the study in regard to the two hypotheses and assess whether, and how, the study has achieved its two aims. Consideration is given to the way ahead from both research and practice perspectives. 7.2 Conclusions 7.2.1 Hypotheses Hypothesis one - Time saved by using modern energy will result in women and girls having greater participation in educational activities This hypothesis presupposes that: � currently women and girls do not use, or use modern energy only infrequently, or for part <strong>of</strong> their daily tasks; � they are willing and able to use modern energy; � by using modern energy they will save time; � the time saved will be in sufficiently large ‘chunks’ to provide the temporal space in which to undertake additional activities (thus if women save time as a result <strong>of</strong> using modern energy it is <strong>of</strong> limited value if it is very small amounts each day. � having temporal space, women and girls will be willing to use it for some kind <strong>of</strong> education, or education related activity. Of the three modern fuels – electricity, LPG, and kerosene – considered in the study, electricity is the fuel aspired to by all four groups <strong>of</strong> households (male and female headed whether poor or non-poor). However, its expense, and the poor quality <strong>of</strong> supply means that poor households either cannot afford to use it or, where they can, have to severely limit its use and even non-poor households, nearly all <strong>of</strong> whom are connected to electricity, use it relatively sparingly. Households are not willing to use gas which they perceive as being unsafe because <strong>of</strong> past accidents. Kerosene, which is the most easily available modern fuel, is popular for cooking and lighting amongst all the household groups. <strong>The</strong> study found that households, whether poor or non-poor, do not make exclusive use <strong>of</strong> one fuel, nor is only one fuel type used for only one activity. Instead for a mixture <strong>of</strong> practical and cultural reasons they use a mix <strong>of</strong> modern and traditional fuels. <strong>The</strong>re is evidence that women, in so far as they can, mix their use <strong>of</strong> fuels in order to save time, although using a variety <strong>of</strong> fuels is only one <strong>of</strong> four time saving strategies. <strong>The</strong> other three being; cooking in larger quantities, buying fuel in larger quantities, and changing to a different type, or number <strong>of</strong> cooking stoves. However, the shorter time spent on daily activities in non-poor households (where there is greater use <strong>of</strong> modern fuels) compared with poor households suggests that the time saved each day would be relatively short, unless all households could have access to reliable and affordable electricity for all activities. In view <strong>of</strong> Tanzania’s current electrical - 64 - Development Planning Unit, UCL London Sheilah Meikle and Patrice North
Page 1 and 2:
Community Development Training Inst
Page 3 and 4:
The impact <strong
Page 5 and 6:
The impact <strong
Page 7 and 8:
The impact <strong
Page 9 and 10:
The impact <strong
Page 11 and 12:
C National and Arusha city context
Page 13 and 14:
The impact <strong
Page 15 and 16:
The impact <strong
Page 17 and 18:
RESEARCH FOCUS 2.1 Introduction <st
Page 19 and 20:
The impact <strong
Page 21 and 22:
The impact <strong
Page 23 and 24:
The impact <strong
Page 25 and 26: The impact <strong
Page 37 and 38: Figure 4.5: Types of</stron
Page 41 and 42: A study of the imp
Page 57 and 58: A Study of the <st
Page 73 and 74: Figure 6.3: Daraja Mbili; community
Page 75: A Study of the <st
Page 122 and 123: APPENDIX D3 CASE STUDY GUIDELINES A
Page 124 and 125: what do they do? [e.g. loans? credi
Page 126 and 127:
4. Cost per ? (state time period)
Page 128 and 129:
A Study of the <st
Page 130 and 131:
A Study of the <st
Page 132 and 133:
C. Intervention Workshops KALOLENI
Page 134 and 135:
A Study of the <st
Page 136 and 137:
2.3 Intervention Workshops Objectiv
Page 138 and 139:
APPENDIX D7 STRUCTURE OF SAMPLE Kal
Page 140 and 141:
APPENDIX D8 PRESS CONFERENCE A Stud
Page 142 and 143:
APPENDIX D9 STUDENTS' FIELD TRIP TO
Page 144 and 145:
APPENDIX E E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8
Page 146 and 147:
Appendix E2 A Study of</str
Page 148 and 149:
Natural Physical APPENDIX E4 CASE S
Page 150 and 151:
Aspirations To get TSh5,000,000 for
Page 152 and 153:
APPENDIX E5 ENERGY USE: FOCUS GROUP
Page 154 and 155:
APPENDIX E6 FUEL AND APPLIANCE COST
Page 156 and 157:
FUEL COSTS, ARUSHA: 2002 - 2004 Fue
Page 158 and 159:
A Study of the <st
Page 160 and 161:
Daraja Mbili MHH N-P and MHH P A. T
Page 162 and 163:
APPENDIX E9 - Kaloleni - Amount <st
Page 164 and 165:
A Study of the <st
Page 166 and 167:
8. Effects of fume
Page 168 and 169:
1. Preparation time • lighting. H
Page 170 and 171:
NB: 9. Where do you cook? • insid
Page 172 and 173:
APPENDIX F1 KALOLENI WARD INTERVENT
Page 174 and 175:
(B) ACTION PLAN FOR KALOLENI ENERGY
Page 176 and 177:
Daraja Mbili - Action Plan and Proj
Page 178 and 179:
APPENDIX F3 - Kaloleni - Comparison
Page 180 and 181:
Appendix F5 -Daraja Mbili - Compari
Page 182 and 183:
4. Used Oil • Co
show all

The Impact of Energy Use on Poor Urban Livelihoods in ... - DfID

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?