Pastoralism and Rangeland Management on the Tibetan Plateau in ...

angel<strong>and</strong>s in their opinion. The order of specialists was reversed. Mr. Liu Jianli
highlighted the ecological values <strong>and</strong> productivity of rangel<strong>and</strong>s. Prof. Danba
elaborated by focusing on the improvement of st<strong>and</strong>ards of living <strong>and</strong> the environment.
Mr. Uday Ch<strong>and</strong>ra Thakur said that the rangel<strong>and</strong>s can be used for
tourism <strong>and</strong> marsh protection. Mr. Izhar Ali Hunzai said the rangel<strong>and</strong>s can
supply new energy <strong>and</strong> abundant resources. Prof. Dr. Hermann Kreutzmann
pointed out that the rangel<strong>and</strong>s can purify the water <strong>and</strong> air. Dr. Yi Shaoliang
explained the value in terms of food production <strong>and</strong> traditional culture. Dr.
Yang Yongping thought the largest value of rangel<strong>and</strong> was its role as an archive
of human knowledge <strong>and</strong> as carbon storage. Finally, Mr. Mainali Gopi Nath
added another value of rangel<strong>and</strong>s, to maintain biodiversity of unique flora
<strong>and</strong> fauna.
Then, Dr. Nyima Tashi pushed the discussion forward to another question
of how to balance the ecological <strong>and</strong> economic values in order to achieve the
sustainable development of rangel<strong>and</strong>s.
Specialists were allowed to express themselves freely for three minutes. Prof. Dr.
Hermann Kreutzmann thought the economic value of rangel<strong>and</strong>s should be
appreciated <strong>and</strong> utilised based on the conservation of natural resources <strong>and</strong> the
protection of traditional knowledge. Dr. Yang Yongping answered this question
with three points. Firstly, he considered that scientific research on the product
function of rangel<strong>and</strong>s should be enhanced. Then, all herders should join in the
management of the rangel<strong>and</strong>s. Lastly, the policymakers should consider the
scientific research <strong>and</strong> herders’ benefits simultaneously. Mr. Izhar Ali Hunzai
took an example from his experience to explain his opinion that one should
consider <strong>and</strong> serve the requirements of urban consumers in tune with the accessibility
<strong>and</strong> availability of niche resources of rangel<strong>and</strong>s in order to utilize
the dominant resources <strong>and</strong> bring benefits to the herders. Mr. Uday Ch<strong>and</strong>ra
Thakur argued that the enhancement of the capabilities of the herders was the
most important factor in the sustainable development of rangel<strong>and</strong>s. Dr. Yi
Shaoliang resolved this problem with three steps: underst<strong>and</strong> the ecosystem,
culture <strong>and</strong> knowledge of the rangel<strong>and</strong>s; become familiar with the changes
of all factors <strong>and</strong> encourage the local people to join in the management of
the rangel<strong>and</strong>s. Prof. Danba analyzed this issue with four suggestions: increase
the utility of fences <strong>and</strong> management; import new strains of pasture grasses;
enlarge the area of rangel<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong> improve the protection consciousness of
herders. Mr. Liu Jianli expounded his opinion with three suggestions. Firstly,
mangers of rangel<strong>and</strong>s should enhance protection. He recommended that they
carry out a fallow policy <strong>and</strong> prevent overgrazing instead of providing financial
subsidies. Secondly, the producers should better publicize the functions of
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