Pastoralism and Rangeland Management on the Tibetan Plateau in ...

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�� Design updated rangel<strong>and</strong> inventories – to assess potentials (e.g. carrying capacity, water <strong>and</strong> soil conservation, renewable energy, carbon sequestration potential) of different types <strong>and</strong> areas of rangel<strong>and</strong>s – for effective pasture management policies �� Foster exchange relations between agricultural production <strong>and</strong> animal husb<strong>and</strong>ry requirements in order to overcome seasonal bottlenecks in fodder availability (e.g. through local fodder storage facilities) �� Improve <strong>and</strong> make available insurance mechanisms to mitigate risk exposure <strong>and</strong> to alleviate stress on pastoralists in times of natural hazards <strong>and</strong> disaster occurrence �� Establish integrated institutions for appropriate <strong>and</strong> interdisciplinary rangel<strong>and</strong> management Market integration �� Foster the diversification of income sources of pastoralist’s household through enhancing niche production <strong>and</strong> marketing of specialized goods in a sustainable mode �� Improve market transparency (e.g. market information systems) in order to achieve a more equitable sharing of profits �� Set up Public-Private-Partnerships to establish a (national) certification system for animal husb<strong>and</strong>ry products �� Support the development of specialized products <strong>and</strong> their decentralized processing (e.g. high quality dairy <strong>and</strong> meat items <strong>and</strong> livestock byproducts) �� Raise awareness amongst affluent consumers for high quality rangel<strong>and</strong> products that are produced locally under sustainable <strong>and</strong> environmentally sound conditions in order to initiate willingness to pay premium prices Human capacity development �� Foster the training of community level specialists who are able to monitor herd size <strong>and</strong> composition <strong>and</strong> utilization of resources according to local expertise <strong>and</strong> professional st<strong>and</strong>ards �� Provide skills training to herders in order to access income opportunities beyond livestock sector <strong>and</strong> / or outside the region (e.g. eco-tourism) �� Invest in human capacity building for integrated rangel<strong>and</strong> management <strong>and</strong> adapted strategies in pastoralism 287 > > > 8. Recommendations formulated by the Workshop Participants
Monitoring �� Improve institutional arrangements to monitor effectiveness, impacts <strong>and</strong> sustainability of pilot programmes �� Consolidate <strong>and</strong> disseminate existing knowledge <strong>and</strong> experiences made in pilot programmes Regional cooperation �� Establish an international / regional platform for the promotion of knowledge <strong>and</strong> experiences sharing in rangel<strong>and</strong> management �� Foster the exchange of germplasm of yak <strong>and</strong> plant species �� Introduce a strategy for cross-border animal disease control <strong>and</strong> set-up a mechanism for disease monitoring �� Strengthen regional research programmes focusing on climate change adaptation <strong>and</strong> mitigation for sustainable pastoralism <strong>and</strong> rangel<strong>and</strong> management �� Create awareness among regional decision-makers from neighbouring countries about the impact of climate change on the livelihoods on the Tibetan Plateau 288
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Bonn 2011 21-25 October 2010 Region
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Contents Preface ..................
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5.3 Socio-economic Changes in Pasto
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planning and imple
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agricultural base for niche plateau
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Welcome Address by Madhav Karki, IC
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Welcome Address by Jürgen Richter,
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training and have
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Welcome Speech by Ding Ye Xian, Vic
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efforts and streng
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LRMP Land Resource
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Source: Qi Xuebin 2004 The distribu
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In addition, these formulated objec
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ditional resources that play a grow
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1 Introduction On the 18th of Janua
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the headwater areas of the Yellow R
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southern mountainous region of TAR,
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Dai, Y. Y. 2010: 2.5 billion RMB Yu
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2.2 Building the Eco-Shelter of the
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Photo 1: The water towers of humank
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Tibet’s numerous glaciers, lakes,
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Second, to earnestly carry out the
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Figure 2: Map of prefectures within
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Farmers and herdsm
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tems in Tibet, we should establish
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2.3 The Impact of Rangeland
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2 Overview of Pastures in Xinjiang
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Table 1: The coverage of different
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of the land but fe
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Table 2: Various service function v
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thousand hectares
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(2) Rangeland rest
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forage, the problem of serious wint
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3 Eco-tourism and
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1 Rangelands as na
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Holistically valuing a complex syst
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This multi-functional nature of the
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farming landscapes
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lages started in late 1990s. Before
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78 local communities must be able t
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4.2 From “protection or conservat
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82 4. Recreational venues/ tourism
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6 Conclusions Rangeland</st
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Statistics Bureau of Tibet 2010: Bu
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Photo 1: Landscape
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weather is becoming less predictabl
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3.2 Is Cow Dung used for Fuel reall
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some 20-30 tea-house trekking touri
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contributed largely by the native p
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The NTNC-ACAP with the collaboratio
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conditions and inc
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3.3 Balancing Protection an
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of the National Scenic Area List <s
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“nine arms” ( the Tashi Duo Pen
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Table 1: Rangeland
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pastoralists in the surrounding are
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Source: Bureau of Statistics Damxun
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of family income, and</stro
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get their supplies from a fixed who
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Photo 2: Prayer flags hanging r<str
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for the introduction and</s
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to control the overload of livestoc
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partnership. This approach in our v
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Source: adapted from ICIMOD 2009 Fi
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Year Total By Air By Land</
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2.1 Purpose of visit Nepal offers s
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natural and cultur
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(TAAN), Nepal Mountaineering Associ
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3 Mountain Pastoralism</str
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Lakes just a few kilometers distant
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Fielding, E., Isacks, B., Barazangi
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4 Niche Production as an Additional
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further accelerating ecosystem degr
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5 Pastoralism-base
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Photo 2: Podophyllum hexand
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Photo 5: Dactylorhiza hatagirea; a
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5.6 Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Ben
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information on value chains, build
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nonetheless to ensure that appropri
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Bhattarai, N. and
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Table 1: Rangeland
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Botanical name and
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Plant species and
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permit. Fourth, we should strengthe
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Source: Winkler, D. 2008, 2010 Figu
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Photo 2: Trading of collected Cordy
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Farmers and herdsm
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5.3 Social problems caused by explo
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Jiang Yi, Yao Yijian 2004: An Overv
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level for making different homestea
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Photo 1: Shepherd returning with hi
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50-200 culled buffalos are slaughte
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complementary to the surplus availa
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for celebratory and</strong
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Wool is sheared three times a year
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2.2.9 The Community Wool Enterprise
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In the mountain areas of Northern P
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are exported in crude form i.e. in
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3.4 Eco-tourism Products The mounta
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Ehlers, E. and H.
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5 Pastoral Practices and</s
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and entrepreneursh
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to 4500-5300 m in altitudes where c
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pastures in summer from winter camp
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5000 (m) 4000 3000 208 Detached mou
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5000 (m) 4000 3000 210 Agro-pastora
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The renaissance of modernisation th
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Table 1: Initial Chinese reforms af
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Restore Pastures to Grass (tuimu hu
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4 Resettlement Programmes The above
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5 Future Prospects for pastoral Pra
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Benson, L. and Sva
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Tashi, Y., Chamard, P. C., Courel,
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has been put forward. The governmen
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Revolution, here, refers to the lif
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Table 2: Differentiation between ri
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angeland managemen
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Photo 1: Oat hay from Qumei Town, S
Page 237 and 238: Photo 3: Storing oat hay for market
Page 239 and 240: poverty and ecolog
Page 241 and 242: The average annual incomes of herde
Page 243 and 244: Source: Cui et al. 2011 Figure 1: L
Page 245 and 246: 3.3 Culture and ed
Page 247 and 248: formed the main basis of the total
Page 249 and 250: source of income for agro-pastoral
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Page 253 and 254: Plateau. There were 2.27 million an
Page 255 and 256: 254 Improving education Migration &
Page 257 and 258: 5.4 Recent Changes in Pastoral Syst
Page 259 and 260: Figure 1: Gorno-Badakhshan - Pastur
Page 261 and 262: �� Major owners keep their anim
Page 263 and 264: Only insignificant cultivation area
Page 265 and 266: of providing animals with seasonal-
Page 267 and 268: 1 Main Achievements and</st
Page 269 and 270: 4. The emergence of industrial <str
Page 271 and 272: 1.2 Main practices and</str
Page 273 and 274: 4. Taking advantage of local resour
Page 275 and 276: much improved, the ecological envir
Page 277 and 278: shall promote the intensive use of
Page 279 and 280: education of farmers and</s
Page 281 and 282: emphasis on introduction an
Page 283 and 284: angelands in their
Page 285 and 286: 7.2 Summary of Group Discussion 7.2
Page 287: 8 Recommendations formulated by the
Page 291 and 292: Photo 1: The Tibetan Plateau a chal
Page 293 and 294: Photo 2: Yak-breeding in Linzhou Co
Page 295 and 296: 4. The way forward and</str
Page 297 and 298: 10 Annexes 10.1 Conference
Page 299 and 300: 12:00 Production and</stron
Page 301 and 302: 10.2 List of Participants PR of Chi
Page 303 and 304: PR of China Ms. Qin Ai Qiong Resear
Page 305 and 306: PR of China Mr. Yundan Deputy Direc
Page 307 and 308: Nepal Mr. Mainali, Gopi Nath Joint
Page 309 and 310: International Participants Dr. Kark
Page 311 and 312: Imprint Publisher: Deutsche Gesells
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