Pastoralism and Rangeland Management on the Tibetan Plateau in ...

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3 Eco-tourism <strong>and</strong> Nature Protection in Relation to <strong>Pastoralism</strong> <strong>and</strong> Rangel<strong>and</strong> <strong>Management</strong> .............................................................................. 66 3.1 From Pastoral Economy to Rangel<strong>and</strong> Economy: Capturing the Multi-functionalities of Rangel<strong>and</strong> Resources Yi Shaoliang <strong>and</strong> Ismail Muhammad ............................................................. 66 3.2 Rangel<strong>and</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>and</strong> Eco-tourism Narendra Lama ............................................................................................. 87 3.3 Balancing Protection <strong>and</strong> Development to achieve Sustainable Tourism Growth in Pastoral Communities. A Case Study on Namtso Scenic Area Guge Qimeiduoiji, Tenzin Zhuoga, Tudeng Kechu ............................ 102 3.4 Sustainable Cross-border Eco-tourism Strategy in the Tibetan Plateau Region Dinesh Devkota ................................................................. 123 4 Niche Production as an Additional Asset for <strong>Pastoralism</strong> <strong>and</strong> Rangel<strong>and</strong> <strong>Management</strong> .............................................................................142 4.1 <strong>Pastoralism</strong> as a Contributor to Niche Production <strong>and</strong> Services Madhav Karki <strong>and</strong> Nirmal Bhattarai ...........................................................142 4.2 Contribution of Cordyceps sinensis to Tibetan Pastoralist Income <strong>and</strong> Problems in its Sustainable Use Wang Mu, Kampot Tashi, Zhuoga, Dan Ba ................................... 165 4.3 Production <strong>and</strong> Marketing of Livestock Products in the Hindu Kush-Karakoram-Himalaya Inam-Ur-Rahim <strong>and</strong> Ghulam Amin Beg .......................................................177 5 Pastoral Practices <strong>and</strong> their Transformations .................................... 200 5.1 Pastoral Practices on the Move – Recent Transformations in Mountain <strong>Pastoralism</strong> on the Tibetan Plateau Hermann Kreutzmann .......................................................... 200 5.2 Integrating Agricultural <strong>and</strong> Pastoral Resources for Poverty Alleviation <strong>and</strong> Reducing Eco-pressure on Rangel<strong>and</strong>s Wang Jian ....................................................................... 225 3
5.3 Socio-economic Changes in Pastoral Systems on the Tibetan Plateau Long Rui Jun, Liu Xingyuan, Cui Guangxin <strong>and</strong> Zhang Weimin ............. 239 5.4 Recent Changes in Pastoral Systems in Tajikistan Yodgor Qonunov ................................................................ 256 6 Achievements <strong>and</strong> Visions of Agricultural <strong>and</strong> Pastoral Development in the Tibet Autonomous Region Zhang Younian .............................................................................................265 7 Panel <strong>and</strong> Group Discussions ................................................................281 7.1 Summary of Panel Discussion on Functions <strong>and</strong> Values of <strong>Pastoralism</strong> <strong>and</strong> Rangel<strong>and</strong> <strong>Management</strong> Wang Li........................................................................................................281 7.2 Summary of Group Discussion Yi Shaoliang <strong>and</strong> Wang Li ........................................................................... 284 8 Recommendations formulated by the Workshop Participants ........... 286 9 Summary of Workshop <strong>and</strong> Closing Remarks Hermann Kreutzmann ............................................................................... 289 10 Annexes ................................................................................................ 296 10.1 Conference <strong>and</strong> Fieldwork Programme ................................. 296 10.2 List of Participants ...................................................... 300 4
Page 1 and 2: Bonn 2011 21-25 October 2010 Region
Page 3: Contents Preface ..................
Page 7 and 8: planning and imple
Page 9 and 10: agricultural base for niche plateau
Page 11 and 12: Welcome Address by Madhav Karki, IC
Page 13 and 14: Welcome Address by Jürgen Richter,
Page 15 and 16: training and have
Page 17 and 18: Welcome Speech by Ding Ye Xian, Vic
Page 19 and 20: efforts and streng
Page 21 and 22: LRMP Land Resource
Page 23 and 24: Source: Qi Xuebin 2004 The distribu
Page 25 and 26: In addition, these formulated objec
Page 27 and 28: ditional resources that play a grow
Page 29 and 30: 1 Introduction On the 18th of Janua
Page 31 and 32: the headwater areas of the Yellow R
Page 33 and 34: southern mountainous region of TAR,
Page 35 and 36: Dai, Y. Y. 2010: 2.5 billion RMB Yu
Page 37 and 38: 2.2 Building the Eco-Shelter of the
Page 39 and 40: Photo 1: The water towers of humank
Page 41 and 42: Tibet’s numerous glaciers, lakes,
Page 43 and 44: Second, to earnestly carry out the
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2: Map of prefectures within
Page 47 and 48: Farmers and herdsm
Page 49 and 50: tems in Tibet, we should establish
Page 51 and 52: 2.3 The Impact of Rangeland
Page 53 and 54: 2 Overview of Pastures in Xinjiang
Page 55 and 56:
Table 1: The coverage of different
Page 57 and 58:
of the land but fe
Page 59 and 60:
Table 2: Various service function v
Page 61 and 62:
thousand hectares
Page 63 and 64:
(2) Rangeland rest
Page 65 and 66:
forage, the problem of serious wint
Page 67 and 68:
3 Eco-tourism and
Page 69 and 70:
1 Rangelands as na
Page 71 and 72:
Holistically valuing a complex syst
Page 73 and 74:
This multi-functional nature of the
Page 75 and 76:
farming landscapes
Page 77 and 78:
lages started in late 1990s. Before
Page 79 and 80:
78 local communities must be able t
Page 81 and 82:
4.2 From “protection or conservat
Page 83 and 84:
82 4. Recreational venues/ tourism
Page 85 and 86:
6 Conclusions Rangeland</st
Page 87 and 88:
Statistics Bureau of Tibet 2010: Bu
Page 89 and 90:
Photo 1: Landscape
Page 91 and 92:
weather is becoming less predictabl
Page 93 and 94:
3.2 Is Cow Dung used for Fuel reall
Page 95 and 96:
some 20-30 tea-house trekking touri
Page 97 and 98:
contributed largely by the native p
Page 99 and 100:
The NTNC-ACAP with the collaboratio
Page 101 and 102:
conditions and inc
Page 103 and 104:
3.3 Balancing Protection an
Page 105 and 106:
of the National Scenic Area List <s
Page 107 and 108:
“nine arms” ( the Tashi Duo Pen
Page 109 and 110:
Table 1: Rangeland
Page 111 and 112:
pastoralists in the surrounding are
Page 113 and 114:
Source: Bureau of Statistics Damxun
Page 115 and 116:
of family income, and</stro
Page 117 and 118:
get their supplies from a fixed who
Page 119 and 120:
Photo 2: Prayer flags hanging r<str
Page 121 and 122:
for the introduction and</s
Page 123 and 124:
to control the overload of livestoc
Page 125 and 126:
partnership. This approach in our v
Page 127 and 128:
Source: adapted from ICIMOD 2009 Fi
Page 129 and 130:
Year Total By Air By Land</
Page 131 and 132:
2.1 Purpose of visit Nepal offers s
Page 133 and 134:
natural and cultur
Page 135 and 136:
(TAAN), Nepal Mountaineering Associ
Page 137 and 138:
3 Mountain Pastoralism</str
Page 139 and 140:
Lakes just a few kilometers distant
Page 141 and 142:
Fielding, E., Isacks, B., Barazangi
Page 143 and 144:
4 Niche Production as an Additional
Page 145 and 146:
further accelerating ecosystem degr
Page 147 and 148:
5 Pastoralism-base
Page 149 and 150:
Photo 2: Podophyllum hexand
Page 151 and 152:
Photo 5: Dactylorhiza hatagirea; a
Page 153 and 154:
5.6 Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Ben
Page 155 and 156:
information on value chains, build
Page 157 and 158:
nonetheless to ensure that appropri
Page 159 and 160:
Bhattarai, N. and
Page 161 and 162:
Table 1: Rangeland
Page 163 and 164:
Botanical name and
Page 165 and 166:
Plant species and
Page 167 and 168:
permit. Fourth, we should strengthe
Page 169 and 170:
Source: Winkler, D. 2008, 2010 Figu
Page 171 and 172:
Photo 2: Trading of collected Cordy
Page 173 and 174:
Farmers and herdsm
Page 175 and 176:
5.3 Social problems caused by explo
Page 177 and 178:
Jiang Yi, Yao Yijian 2004: An Overv
Page 179 and 180:
level for making different homestea
Page 181 and 182:
Photo 1: Shepherd returning with hi
Page 183 and 184:
50-200 culled buffalos are slaughte
Page 185 and 186:
complementary to the surplus availa
Page 187 and 188:
for celebratory and</strong
Page 189 and 190:
Wool is sheared three times a year
Page 191 and 192:
2.2.9 The Community Wool Enterprise
Page 193 and 194:
In the mountain areas of Northern P
Page 195 and 196:
are exported in crude form i.e. in
Page 197 and 198:
3.4 Eco-tourism Products The mounta
Page 199 and 200:
Ehlers, E. and H.
Page 201 and 202:
5 Pastoral Practices and</s
Page 203 and 204:
and entrepreneursh
Page 205 and 206:
to 4500-5300 m in altitudes where c
Page 207 and 208:
pastures in summer from winter camp
Page 209 and 210:
5000 (m) 4000 3000 208 Detached mou
Page 211 and 212:
5000 (m) 4000 3000 210 Agro-pastora
Page 213 and 214:
The renaissance of modernisation th
Page 215 and 216:
Table 1: Initial Chinese reforms af
Page 217 and 218:
Restore Pastures to Grass (tuimu hu
Page 219 and 220:
4 Resettlement Programmes The above
Page 221 and 222:
5 Future Prospects for pastoral Pra
Page 223 and 224:
Benson, L. and Sva
Page 225 and 226:
Tashi, Y., Chamard, P. C., Courel,
Page 227 and 228:
has been put forward. The governmen
Page 229 and 230:
Revolution, here, refers to the lif
Page 231 and 232:
Table 2: Differentiation between ri
Page 233 and 234:
angeland managemen
Page 235 and 236:
Photo 1: Oat hay from Qumei Town, S
Page 237 and 238:
Photo 3: Storing oat hay for market
Page 239 and 240:
poverty and ecolog
Page 241 and 242:
The average annual incomes of herde
Page 243 and 244:
Source: Cui et al. 2011 Figure 1: L
Page 245 and 246:
3.3 Culture and ed
Page 247 and 248:
formed the main basis of the total
Page 249 and 250:
source of income for agro-pastoral
Page 251 and 252:
��
Page 253 and 254:
Plateau. There were 2.27 million an
Page 255 and 256:
254 Improving education Migration &
Page 257 and 258:
5.4 Recent Changes in Pastoral Syst
Page 259 and 260:
Figure 1: Gorno-Badakhshan - Pastur
Page 261 and 262:
�� Major owners keep their anim
Page 263 and 264:
Only insignificant cultivation area
Page 265 and 266:
of providing animals with seasonal-
Page 267 and 268:
1 Main Achievements and</st
Page 269 and 270:
4. The emergence of industrial <str
Page 271 and 272:
1.2 Main practices and</str
Page 273 and 274:
4. Taking advantage of local resour
Page 275 and 276:
much improved, the ecological envir
Page 277 and 278:
shall promote the intensive use of
Page 279 and 280:
education of farmers and</s
Page 281 and 282:
emphasis on introduction an
Page 283 and 284:
angelands in their
Page 285 and 286:
7.2 Summary of Group Discussion 7.2
Page 287 and 288:
8 Recommendations formulated by the
Page 289 and 290:
Monitoring �� Improve instituti
Page 291 and 292:
Photo 1: The Tibetan Plateau a chal
Page 293 and 294:
Photo 2: Yak-breeding in Linzhou Co
Page 295 and 296:
4. The way forward and</str
Page 297 and 298:
10 Annexes 10.1 Conference
Page 299 and 300:
12:00 Production and</stron
Page 301 and 302:
10.2 List of Participants PR of Chi
Page 303 and 304:
PR of China Ms. Qin Ai Qiong Resear
Page 305 and 306:
PR of China Mr. Yundan Deputy Direc
Page 307 and 308:
Nepal Mr. Mainali, Gopi Nath Joint
Page 309 and 310:
International Participants Dr. Kark
Page 311 and 312:
Imprint Publisher: Deutsche Gesells
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