JOURNALfor the STUDYof ANTISEMITISM

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Special Issue: Latin American Antisemitism Guest Editor, Shimon T. Samuels* As a British-born honorary Latino by marriage with four decades of affection and interaction with Latin America, I feel privileged to have the opportunity of editing this special edition of the JSA. A watershed experience, in the region, began in 1971 with a visit to Sosua, the moshav-style cooperative founded by the JDC for fugitives from Nazi Germany in 1940. Recall that at the 1938 Evian Conference, the Dominican Republic was the only voice to welcome desperate Jews. From the north coast of Sosua I was invited to Azua, the Israeli rural settlement assistance project, 50 miles to the south. Watching the Israeli team build a small Catholic church for Dominican peasants sharpened the poignancy of the moment—those 50 miles represented the decade from utter powerlessness in 1938 to the Jewish return to sovereignty in 1948. Post World War II, Latin America figured on our radar screen as the principal haven for Nazi war criminals, marked by the abduction of Adolf Eichmann in 1960. It was followed less than two decades later by the disproportionate number of disappeared Jews—victims of the junta and Argentina’s military dictatorship. This ended with the Falklands War in 1982. The politics of the day interrupted our routine as my ten-year-old granddaughter posed a moral dilemma to my Argentine-born wife and me: “What happens if grandpa’s planes in London bomb Grandma’s house in Buenos Aires?”—a concern characteristic of Jewish history but not posed since World War I. The 1990s brought the greatest post-Holocaust pogrom to the South American continent: the 1994 Buenos Aires Jewish Centre (AMIA) bombing, leaving 85 dead and over 300 maimed. The Iranian perpetrators, identified by Interpol, are still at large; the atrocity served as the prelude to the seeds of Hizbollah sowed from Venezuela to the Argentina–Brazil–Paraguay triple frontier. As this issue goes to press, former U.S. Under-Secretary for the Western Hemisphere Roger Noriega reported to a congressional committee on the “80 operative Hizbollah cells in the region.” In addition to those active cells, a Shahab-3 Iranian missile base is being built on the Venezuelan coast with a range of 2,000 km. Iran states that it wishes to cooperate with all investigations of AMIA. If Iran wishes to cooperate, it must agree to dismantle its terror and arms networks in Latin America. Its only duty regarding the AMIA must be to hand over its implicated citizens for trial under Argentine rule of law. As I told a senior Argentine official at the AMIA commemoration, quoting Win- 1
2 JOURNAL FOR THE STUDY OF ANTISEMITISM [ VOL. 3:1 ston Churchill on appeasing tyranny: “Democracies feed the beast, hoping to be eaten last.” In the case of Iran, the beast is alive and living among us. The collection of pieces delineates a broad sweep of antisemitism across the Americas, from Mexico to the Southern Cone, from Seth Ward’s focus on the conversos to the terrorism nexus and hostility to Israel addressed by Julian Schvindlerman and Sergio Widder. Country profiles by Judit Liwerant on Mexico, Alberto Milkewitz on Brazil, Patricio Brodsky on Argentine intellectuals, and Sammy Eppel’s Postcard from Venezuela attest to national specificities and commonalities. Dina Siegel Vann’s message brings these strands together. May this special edition of the JSA be the first in a series of regional analyses and that the voices of Latin American Jews be heard. *Shimon T. Samuels is the director of international relations for the Simon Wiesenthal Foundation, Paris, and a Board member of the Journal for the Study of Antisemitism.
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Latin America and the Middle East:
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América Latina y el Oriente Medio:
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The New Judeophobia on the Left 1 P
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Latin America and Iranian Terror Ne
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América Latina y las Redes del Ter
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Antisemitism in Brazil Alberto Milk
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Una aproximación al tema de la int
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Israel’s Intent Yehuda Bauer* Wha
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Doing the Yale Flip-Flop Amitai Etz
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Arab Spring Sprung Fiamma Nirenstei
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Antisemitism in Wagnerian Opera 1 D
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Journal of Contemporary Leftist Ant
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Miral and International Efforts to
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But Will It Sell in Islamabad? Tare
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Analysis of the Pogrom Jonathan Dek
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The First Argentinian Jewish Women
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The Shunned Toadstool In the past,
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