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Nanotecnologíaaplicada a la medicina *Nanotechnology applied to medicineNerlis Pájaro CastroJesús Olivero VerbelJuan Redondo PadillaResumenLa nanotecnología compren<strong>de</strong> la creación,manipulación y utilización <strong>de</strong> materiales en elor<strong>de</strong>n nanométrico (10 -9 m) y su aplicación en loscampos <strong>de</strong> la química, la biología, la física, la ingenieríay en especial la medicina, se ha traducidoen trascen<strong>de</strong>ntales avances en la ciencia. La hoy<strong>de</strong>nominada nanomedicina ha comportado significativosa<strong>de</strong>lantos en la monitorización, la reparación<strong>de</strong> tejidos, el diagnóstico, el tratamiento yla prevención <strong>de</strong> enfermeda<strong>de</strong>s mediante el uso <strong>de</strong>herramientas como nanosensores, nanopartículasy nanotubos, y en el futuro cercano nanorrobotscapaces <strong>de</strong> penetrar en el organismo humanopara repararlo. La nanotecnología se encuentraen una fase <strong>de</strong> crecimiento y ha capturando elinterés <strong>de</strong> empresas, gobiernos e inversionistasque buscan <strong>de</strong>sarrollar productos útiles paraaplicarlos en diferentes esferas, especialmenteen medicina.Palabras clave: nanomedicina, nanociencia,nanomateriales.AbstractNanotechnology involves the creation, manipulationand use of materials at the nanometer scale (10-9m). This field is enabling new advances in science,with applications in fields such as chemistry, biology,physics, engineering, and particularly in medicine.The latter called nanomedicine, has generated advancesin monitoring, tissue repair, diagnosis, treatmentand prevention of diseases, using tools such as nanosensors,nanocrystals, nanoparticles, nanotubes, andin the near future, nanorobots, capable of penetratingthe human body to repair it. Nanotechnology is ina growth stage, capturing the interest of companies,governments and investors to <strong>de</strong>velop products usefulin several fields, especially in medicine.Keywords: nanomedicine, nanoscience, nanomaterials.IntroducciónLa nanotecnología se <strong>de</strong>fine como el estudio, lasíntesis, el diseño, la caracterización, la producción• Fecha <strong>de</strong> recepción <strong>de</strong>l artículo: 09-01-2013 • Fecha <strong>de</strong> aceptación: 02-04-2013NERLIS PÁJARO CASTRO. Química Farmacéutica. M.Sc. Grupo <strong>de</strong> Química Ambiental y Computacional, Facultad <strong>de</strong> <strong>Ciencias</strong> Farmacéuticas.<strong>Universidad</strong> <strong>de</strong> Cartagena. Campus <strong>de</strong> Zaragocilla. Cartagena Bolívar. Correo electrónico: nerlis_paola@yahoo.es. JESÚS OLIVERO VERBEL.Doctor en Química Farmacéutica. Docente e investigador <strong>Universidad</strong> <strong>de</strong> Cartagena. Grupo <strong>de</strong> Química Ambiental y Computacional, Facultad<strong>de</strong> <strong>Ciencias</strong> Farmacéuticas. <strong>Universidad</strong> <strong>de</strong> Cartagena. Campus <strong>de</strong> Zaragocilla. Cartagena Bolívar. Correo electrónico: jesusolivero@yahoo.com. JUAN REDONDO PADILLA. Estudiante investigador <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Química Ambiental y Computacional, Facultad <strong>de</strong> <strong>Ciencias</strong>Farmacéuticas. <strong>Universidad</strong> <strong>de</strong> Cartagena. Campus <strong>de</strong> Zaragocilla. Cartagena Bolívar. Correo electrónico: pegy0419@hotmail.com.* Este artículo corto <strong>de</strong>riva <strong>de</strong> la investigación “Diseño <strong>de</strong> una red nanomolecular para el atrapamiento <strong>de</strong>l virus <strong>de</strong> inmuno<strong>de</strong>ficienciahumana (VIH)”. Grupo <strong>de</strong> Química Ambiental y Computacional. Vicerrectoría <strong>de</strong> Investigaciones. <strong>Universidad</strong> <strong>de</strong> Cartagena.2009-2010. Códigos: 0062010 y 0152012.Revista Científica Guillermo <strong>de</strong> Ockham. Vol. 11, No. 1. Enero - junio <strong>de</strong> 2013 - ISSN: 1794-192X - pp. 125-133 ‣ 125