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Wilfred Jimmy: Too much water. Marcus Barber: Does the pigs digging up the ground there, does that wash away the channel? Wilfred Jimmy: No, not the pigs, just the floodwater. It comes very fast, when it rises up it spins around. The water goes around and around in that little curve in the creek. It cuts all the ground out, the bank, [and] makes it wider and wider. Ivan Jimmy focuses on the impact of water on roads, and that roads in turn can spread sand, but also notes when prompted that areas without roads can erode in the floods: Marcus Barber: What happens when the water goes everywhere? Ivan Jimmy: It mucks up the country, you get erosion. We had a place that was graded and you come back next year and if it has flooded, there‟s no road there, there‟s nothing. Sand everywhere. Marcus Barber: What about where there is no road, where it is just the normal bush. Does it get eroded, does it get changed? Ivan Jimmy: Yes. It gets changed. When you want, you know that the place where you was fishing last time because, it changes with all that flood and rain, it washes it away. The cattlemen emphasise the erosion processes occurring in high flow and flooding situations, but Viv Sinnamon noted gentler processes occurring as the wet season water drains: Viv Sinnamon: the erosion [here at Oriners] might be like Sandy Creek. We were watching the Coleman Yard there, that year we were there. The erosion, those finger eroded areas, and the tunnelling stuff, seems to happen on the drain off. Jeff Shellberg: On the draw down, yeah. So it comes up strong, [and then] it‟s drawing down, and all the banks are wet, saturated, and the banks start caving in. Viv Sinnamon: And these little places, like over there we were watching them, these funny little places that you would not really think of. If you looked at them in the dry, you‟d think „Oh yeah‟ [it‟s nothing], but [in the wet] they are little waterfalls. Viv Sinnamon and Jeff Shellberg also see a relationship between erosion and the roads: Viv Sinnamon: You go out to Mosquito [Lagoon] there, and you can feel that sand, feel the soil moving under your feet at Mosquito. The places where that water comes up, it is really quite funny how those spalds of sand happen. You have not been there? You‟ve been down the road there and can see on that box flat, there is a spaldl of sand. They come from across the road eh? The road will be running this way, and it will trigger something, and this big spald of sand will come out. This high, just like a wave. It‟s triggered by the road but it doesn‟t run down the road, it runs off the road, across the road, then comes back out on the flat. It‟s another effect, a different one. It‟s not incising as much, it‟s taking the sand out of the soil. Jeff Shellberg: All these floodways up here, these fingers, these different little drainage networks, if you‟ve got a road cutting across them they‟re prone to eroding. The roads erode down [due to excess water from roads] and in a sense, head cuts or little waterfalls move up these little valleys and can essentially drain them of water. They are originally like sponges and then as soon as [gullies] cut down into them, it becomes a leaky sponge, essentially. It‟s not holding that soil and water together . Working Knowledge at Oriners Station, Cape York 117
Figure 38. Oriners station from the air looking east circa 1990, showing older road networks. Image © KALNRMO Figure 39. Oriners station and lagoon from the air looking west circa 2012. Working Knowledge at Oriners Station, Cape York 118
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T Working Knowledge: local ecologic
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CONTENTS Acknowledgments ..........
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5 Working knowledge: Conclusions an
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Figure 29. Mitchell catchment in fl
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Figure 68. 2004 Aerial Photograph o
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The project is the
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This is a report
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space for a complementary study emp
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cattlemen and the Hughes family, th
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As a contrast and complement, it is
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of people residing there during the
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the area for one or two seasons, bu
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Fire Frequency: for the Oriners are
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Strang then describes the story of
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emembered linguistic associations.
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Mystical/spiritual Scientific Perso
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ut your children will probably get
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20 years, Cecil Hughes, the son of
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Robert Burns: I was walking around
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Corporation. 12 Viv Sinnamon provid
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The purchase process was a factor i
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Viv Sinnamon: Yeah, and when we had
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communities, Lockhardt [River] and
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1.7 Oriners and the contemporary re
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management of country are not new.
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The above points demonstrate the va
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about forest and think of something
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Marcus Barber: Is that where Kowany
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-----------------------------------
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comes along with that, and where th
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Ivan Jimmy‟s brother Wilfred made
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Indigenous Australians are renowned
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Colin Hughes followed up his though
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Ezra Michael: I never heard it. No.
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Marcus Barber: So every time you we
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Figure 20. Oriners Lagoon in flood
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Figure 23. Large Woody Debris (LWD)
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Figure 24. Jeff Shellberg talks wit
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Figure 27. Mitchell catchment in fl
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2.2.4 Permanent water and groundwat
Page 81 and 82: Marcus Barber: So do you know how d
Page 83 and 84: Marcus Barber: Does that happen at
Page 85 and 86: Marcus Barber: What animals do you
Page 87 and 88: people are using the lagoon. Becaus
Page 89 and 90: that old black headed python. You g
Page 91 and 92: Marcus Barber: I was trying to find
Page 93 and 94: Major introduced animals at Oriners
Page 95 and 96: Colin Hughes: Oh there‟s just a l
Page 97 and 98: There was never too many [wild hors
Page 99 and 100: Cecil Hughes: Yes, you never saw th
Page 101 and 102: And they had special fish traps her
Page 103 and 104: Philip Yam: 3 or 4 times. A few tim
Page 105 and 106: Conversations with Philip Yam about
Page 107 and 108: Marcus Barber: so you have to get f
Page 109 and 110: 2.5.4 Cattlemen: working connection
Page 111 and 112: Edwin David Most of the older build
Page 113 and 114: spirits being reborn in new generat
Page 115 and 116: Marcus Barber: Phillip‟s son Max?
Page 117 and 118: necessary at some of the times they
Page 119 and 120: Marcus Barber: If it was a really w
Page 121 and 122: hobble the horse and camp out there
Page 123 and 124: Marcus Barber: So you were moving a
Page 125 and 126: Marcus Barber: Was the grass still
Page 127 and 128: Philip Yam: Drumduff. We got blamed
Page 129 and 130: purpose of fires needs to be very c
Page 131: Marcus Barber: But it‟s been ther
Page 135 and 136: and it traverses some areas prone t
Page 137 and 138: 2.7.1 Applying „Working Knowledge
Page 139 and 140: ochen (uy -) ojen (uy -) mujun (uy
Page 141 and 142: Oykangand Olkol Og Water ok Water o
Page 143 and 144: Other signs mark a broader seasonal
Page 145 and 146: The two comments from the Jimmy bro
Page 147 and 148: Average Monthly Rainfall (mm)_ 450
Page 149 and 150: demonstrated that cyclone landing f
Page 151 and 152: Figure 48. Geology of the catchment
Page 153 and 154: 3.2.4 Soils The soils of the “for
Page 155 and 156: Figure 49. Soils of Oriners and Sef
Page 157 and 158: Figure 52. RAAF oblique photograph
Page 159 and 160: Annaly (A) Land System Lowlands on
Page 161 and 162: 3.2.6 Soil erosion Soil erosion can
Page 163 and 164: Figure 56. Land use map of the Mitc
Page 165 and 166: larger valleys of Hoodoo and Sellar
Page 167 and 168: solutes from subsurface sedimentary
Page 169 and 170: 3.2.10.2 Eight Mile valley near Ori
Page 171 and 172: Elevation (m) 180 160 140 120 100 8
Page 173 and 174: Figure 64. 1955 Aerial Photograph o
Page 175 and 176: pools like these are typically carv
Page 177 and 178: Figure 67. 1955 Aerial Photograph O
Page 179 and 180: Working Knowledge at Oriners Statio
Page 181 and 182: have also been defined as valley-bo
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Working Knowledge at Oriners Statio
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Eucalyptus leptophleba (Mollow Red
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to manage vegetation and game, or f
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Figure 77. 1955 aerial photograph o
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Overall pig populations are poorly
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area can be obtained from the Queen
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degradation. Genuine restoration op
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Section 4.1 contains models of inte
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Figure 80. Model of Oriners landsca
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4.1.3 Late dry season Two key diffe
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eshape the elements in the same way
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Evidence from Section 2.6.4 and 3.2
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Figure 92. Oblique air photos of Ho
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The primary contexts for learning k
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Despite data limitation, there is e
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Marcus Barber: If you were to think
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Regional scale Neighbouring Statio
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Cotter, G. (1995). A study of the p
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Kowanyama Aboriginal Council (2003)
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Smart, J., K. G. Grimes, et al. (19
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7 GLOSSARY 38 Alkaline- having the
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Fluvial Megafan- a large (10 3 -10
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Potential Energy- the stored energy
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8 APPENDICES 8.1 Informed Consent F
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8.3 Wildlife Animal Species List fo
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Birds Coraciidae Eurystomus orienta
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Reptiles Crocodylidae Crocodylus jo
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Dicots Fabaceae Crotalaria montana
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Dicots Myrtaceae Neofabricia serici
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Monocots Poaceae Eriachne sp. C Mon
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