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2.5.2 Access, infrastructure and residence ................................................................... 86 2.5.3 Bush food at Oriners ............................................................................................ 91 2.5.4 Cattlemen: working connections .......................................................................... 94 2.5.5 Old and new connections .................................................................................... 95 2.5.6 Tourists and trespassers ..................................................................................... 98 2.5.7 Resources and funding ...................................................................................... 101 2.6 Landscape processes and human and animal distributions ................................. 103 2.6.1 Water and animal distributions .......................................................................... 103 2.6.2 Cattle mustering patterns .................................................................................. 105 2.6.3 Fire regimes....................................................................................................... 109 2.6.4 Erosion .............................................................................................................. 114 2.7 Additional features of knowledge about Oriners ................................................... 121 2.7.1 Applying „Working Knowledge‟ .......................................................................... 122 2.7.2 Linguistic classifications and categories ............................................................ 123 2.7.3 Correlations and causes .................................................................................... 127 3 Local scientific knowledge ........................................................................... 131 3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 131 3.2 Physical conditions ............................................................................................... 131 3.2.1 Climate .............................................................................................................. 131 3.2.2 Topography and drainage ................................................................................. 134 3.2.3 Geology ............................................................................................................. 135 3.2.4 Soils ................................................................................................................... 138 3.2.5 Land systems .................................................................................................... 140 3.2.6 Soil erosion ........................................................................................................ 146 3.2.7 Catchment land use ........................................................................................... 146 3.2.8 Surface hydrology .............................................................................................. 148 3.2.9 Hydrogeology .................................................................................................... 151 3.2.10 Fluvial geomorphology of the Eight Mile Creek near Oriners Lagoon ................ 153 3.2.11 Gully erosion...................................................................................................... 165 3.3 Biological conditions ............................................................................................. 171 3.3.1 Forest cover....................................................................................................... 171 3.3.2 Grass cover ....................................................................................................... 172 3.3.3 Weeds ............................................................................................................... 172 3.3.4 Fire timing, frequency, and distribution .............................................................. 173 3.3.5 Feral animals and stock ..................................................................................... 177 3.3.6 Native terrestrial animals ................................................................................... 178 3.3.7 Native birds........................................................................................................ 179 3.3.8 Native aquatic animals ...................................................................................... 179 3.4 Oriners and Forest Country – a brief personal perspective .................................. 180 4 Synthesis: process and relationship models .............................................. 183 4.1 Models of landscape-scale ecological, hydrological, and geomorphological relations at Oriners Station ...................................................................................................... 184 4.1.1 Wet season........................................................................................................ 184 4.1.2 Early dry season ................................................................................................ 186 4.1.3 Late dry season ................................................................................................. 188 4.1.4 Comparisons and interactions across seasons ................................................. 188 4.1.5 Impact of Oriners Mob residence ....................................................................... 189 4.2 Models of processes affecting Oriners and Jewfish Lagoons .............................. 190 4.2.1 Model Introduction ............................................................................................. 190 4.2.2 Oriners Lagoon .................................................................................................. 191 4.2.3 Jewfish Lagoon .................................................................................................. 192 4.2.4 Other major lagoons – Mosquito and Horseshoe .............................................. 194 4.3 Water quality ......................................................................................................... 196 Working Knowledge at Oriners Station, Cape York iv
5 Working knowledge: Conclusions and recommendations ......................... 197 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 197 5.2 Flooded forest country – key characteristics ........................................................ 198 5.3 Future plans and aspirations ................................................................................ 201 5.4 Recommendations for further research ................................................................ 202 5.5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 204 6 References ..................................................................................................... 205 7 Glossary ......................................................................................................... 212 8 Appendices .................................................................................................... 218 8.1 Informed Consent Form ........................................................................................ 218 8.2 Seasonal indicator observations ........................................................................... 219 8.3 Wildlife Animal Species List for the Oriners and Sefton Area............................... 220 8.4 Plant Species List for the Oriners and Sefton Area .............................................. 225 Working Knowledge at Oriners Station, Cape York v
Page 1 and 2: T Working Knowledge: local ecologic
Page 3: CONTENTS Acknowledgments ..........
Page 7 and 8: Figure 29. Mitchell catchment in fl
Page 9 and 10: Figure 68. 2004 Aerial Photograph o
Page 11 and 12: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The project is the
Page 13 and 14: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This is a report
Page 15 and 16: space for a complementary study emp
Page 17 and 18: cattlemen and the Hughes family, th
Page 19 and 20: As a contrast and complement, it is
Page 21 and 22: of people residing there during the
Page 23 and 24: the area for one or two seasons, bu
Page 25 and 26: Fire Frequency: for the Oriners are
Page 27 and 28: Strang then describes the story of
Page 29 and 30: emembered linguistic associations.
Page 31 and 32: Mystical/spiritual Scientific Perso
Page 33 and 34: ut your children will probably get
Page 35 and 36: 20 years, Cecil Hughes, the son of
Page 37 and 38: Robert Burns: I was walking around
Page 39 and 40: Corporation. 12 Viv Sinnamon provid
Page 41 and 42: The purchase process was a factor i
Page 43 and 44: Viv Sinnamon: Yeah, and when we had
Page 45 and 46: communities, Lockhardt [River] and
Page 47 and 48: 1.7 Oriners and the contemporary re
Page 49 and 50: management of country are not new.
Page 51 and 52: The above points demonstrate the va
Page 53 and 54: about forest and think of something
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Marcus Barber: Is that where Kowany
Page 57 and 58:
-----------------------------------
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comes along with that, and where th
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Ivan Jimmy‟s brother Wilfred made
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Indigenous Australians are renowned
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Colin Hughes followed up his though
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Ezra Michael: I never heard it. No.
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Marcus Barber: So every time you we
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Figure 20. Oriners Lagoon in flood
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Figure 23. Large Woody Debris (LWD)
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Figure 24. Jeff Shellberg talks wit
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Figure 27. Mitchell catchment in fl
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2.2.4 Permanent water and groundwat
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Marcus Barber: So do you know how d
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Marcus Barber: Does that happen at
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Marcus Barber: What animals do you
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people are using the lagoon. Becaus
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that old black headed python. You g
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Marcus Barber: I was trying to find
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Major introduced animals at Oriners
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Colin Hughes: Oh there‟s just a l
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There was never too many [wild hors
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Cecil Hughes: Yes, you never saw th
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And they had special fish traps her
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Philip Yam: 3 or 4 times. A few tim
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Conversations with Philip Yam about
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Marcus Barber: so you have to get f
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2.5.4 Cattlemen: working connection
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Edwin David Most of the older build
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spirits being reborn in new generat
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Marcus Barber: Phillip‟s son Max?
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necessary at some of the times they
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Marcus Barber: If it was a really w
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hobble the horse and camp out there
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Marcus Barber: So you were moving a
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Marcus Barber: Was the grass still
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Philip Yam: Drumduff. We got blamed
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purpose of fires needs to be very c
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Marcus Barber: But it‟s been ther
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Figure 38. Oriners station from the
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and it traverses some areas prone t
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2.7.1 Applying „Working Knowledge
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ochen (uy -) ojen (uy -) mujun (uy
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Oykangand Olkol Og Water ok Water o
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Other signs mark a broader seasonal
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The two comments from the Jimmy bro
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Average Monthly Rainfall (mm)_ 450
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demonstrated that cyclone landing f
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Figure 48. Geology of the catchment
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3.2.4 Soils The soils of the “for
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Figure 49. Soils of Oriners and Sef
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Figure 52. RAAF oblique photograph
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Annaly (A) Land System Lowlands on
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3.2.6 Soil erosion Soil erosion can
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Figure 56. Land use map of the Mitc
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larger valleys of Hoodoo and Sellar
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solutes from subsurface sedimentary
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3.2.10.2 Eight Mile valley near Ori
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Elevation (m) 180 160 140 120 100 8
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Figure 64. 1955 Aerial Photograph o
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pools like these are typically carv
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Figure 67. 1955 Aerial Photograph O
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Working Knowledge at Oriners Statio
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have also been defined as valley-bo
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Page 185 and 186:
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Eucalyptus leptophleba (Mollow Red
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to manage vegetation and game, or f
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Figure 77. 1955 aerial photograph o
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Overall pig populations are poorly
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area can be obtained from the Queen
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degradation. Genuine restoration op
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Section 4.1 contains models of inte
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Figure 80. Model of Oriners landsca
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4.1.3 Late dry season Two key diffe
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eshape the elements in the same way
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Evidence from Section 2.6.4 and 3.2
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Figure 92. Oblique air photos of Ho
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The primary contexts for learning k
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Despite data limitation, there is e
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Marcus Barber: If you were to think
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Regional scale Neighbouring Statio
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Cotter, G. (1995). A study of the p
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Kowanyama Aboriginal Council (2003)
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Smart, J., K. G. Grimes, et al. (19
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7 GLOSSARY 38 Alkaline- having the
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Fluvial Megafan- a large (10 3 -10
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Potential Energy- the stored energy
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8 APPENDICES 8.1 Informed Consent F
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8.3 Wildlife Animal Species List fo
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Birds Coraciidae Eurystomus orienta
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Reptiles Crocodylidae Crocodylus jo
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Dicots Fabaceae Crotalaria montana
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Dicots Myrtaceae Neofabricia serici
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Monocots Poaceae Eriachne sp. C Mon
Page 247:
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