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Figure 47. Topography and drainage of the catchments surrounding Oriners and Sefton Stations. Elevation data derived from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission 30m pixel digital elevation model (SRTM 2000). 3.2.3 Geology The geologic evolution of central Cape York Peninsula near Oriners Station is summarized by (Willmott 2009). Multiple phases of uplift, erosion, sediment deposition in basins, some metamorphosis, additional uplift, igneous intrusion, and re-erosion have occurred on this landscape over the last 1.6 billion years. Several major sedimentary basins have formed from landscape erosion during this period: Hodgkinson (Silurian-Devonian), Laura and Carpentaria (Jurassic), Karumba and Kalpowar (Tertiary). The basins formed before the Tertiary have been uplifted, warped, locally metamorphosed, intruded by granites and basalts, and re-eroded to feed sediment into the Tertiary basins still largely active today. The headwaters of Crosbie Creek, Eight Mile Creek, the Alice River and One Mile Creek have a heterogeneous mixture of geologic rock types and lithologies - see Figure 48, (Blewett and Wilford 1996). Metamorphic basement rock (metasedimentary, siliciclastic, quartzite, slate, schist; 1.6 to 1.0 billion yrs in age, Mesoproterozoic) Intrusive rock (igeneous felsic granite, granodiorite, monzogranite, 440 to 400 million yrs in age, Silurian to Devonian) Sedimentary rock (sandstone, 140 to 170 million yrs in age, Jurassic to Cretaceous; siltstone and mudstone, 145 to 65 million yrs in age, Cretaceous) The middle and lower sections of the catchments are dominated by younger sedimentary rock and unconsolidated sedimentary alluvium - see Figure 48 and (Smart, Grimes et al. 1980b) Sandstone, conglomerate, claystone (65 to 2.6 million yrs in age, Tertiary) Sand plains of alluvium (< 65 million yrs in age, Cenozoic) Channel and floodplain alluvium (unconsolidated gravel, sand, silt, clay) (< 2.5 million yrs in age, Quaternary) Working Knowledge at Oriners Station, Cape York 135
Figure 48. Geology of the catchments surrounding Oriners and Sefton Stations. Note locations of abandoned mines. Within the property boundaries of Oriners and Sefton Stations, the geology and regolith are dominated by weathered Tertiary sandstone and conglomerates along the ridges and upland plains (Holroyd Plain, Bulimba and Wyaaba Beds), and Quaternary alluvium along the valley and creek channels (Alice fan and Quaternary alluvium). These specific formations have been described by several authors (Galloway, Gunn et al. 1970; Grimes and Doutch 1978; Grimes 1979; Smart, Grimes et al. 1980a; Smart, Grimes et al. 1980a; Smart, Grimes et al. 1980b; Brooks, Shellberg et al. 2009), and are summarized below. Holroyd Plain: The Tertiary Wyaaba Beds together with the Bulimba formation (Figure 48) largely make up the Holroyd Plain surface (Grimes and Doutch 1978; Grimes 1979) , which extends from south of the Gilbert River to north of the Holroyd River. This plain was a depositional feature from eroded outwash material off the Great Diving Range (metamorphic, intrusive and sedimentary rock mentioned above) and Einasleigh Uplands. o Bulimba Formation: The oldest Tertiary sedimentary formation in the area, which consists of “white to pale grey or reddish brown, poorly indurated, clayey quartzose to feldspathic sandstone, poorly sorted granule to (locally) pebble conglomerate and sandy claystone; commonly ferruginised” (Smart, Grimes et al. 1980a). Palaeocene to Eocene in age (65 to 36 million yrs) (Grimes 1979). On Oriners Station south of Eight Mile Creek, the Bulimba formation is capped by 2 to 4 meters (max 6 m) of residual sand (Darby 1993). Below this, the top 20-30m of the Bulimba formation consists of moderately to strongly indurated (cemented) sandstone, conglomerate, and sandy clay layers of fluvial (alluvial) origin. Heavy minerals (rutile, leucoxene, ilmenite, zircon) are present in low concentrations in sands and to a greater degree in indurated lateritic layers, but mining for these minerals was proven to be far from economical ((Darby 1993). Working Knowledge at Oriners Station, Cape York 136
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T Working Knowledge: local ecologic
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CONTENTS Acknowledgments ..........
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5 Working knowledge: Conclusions an
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Figure 29. Mitchell catchment in fl
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Figure 68. 2004 Aerial Photograph o
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The project is the
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This is a report
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space for a complementary study emp
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cattlemen and the Hughes family, th
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As a contrast and complement, it is
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of people residing there during the
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the area for one or two seasons, bu
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Fire Frequency: for the Oriners are
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Strang then describes the story of
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emembered linguistic associations.
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Mystical/spiritual Scientific Perso
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ut your children will probably get
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20 years, Cecil Hughes, the son of
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Robert Burns: I was walking around
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Corporation. 12 Viv Sinnamon provid
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The purchase process was a factor i
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Viv Sinnamon: Yeah, and when we had
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communities, Lockhardt [River] and
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1.7 Oriners and the contemporary re
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management of country are not new.
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The above points demonstrate the va
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about forest and think of something
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Marcus Barber: Is that where Kowany
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-----------------------------------
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comes along with that, and where th
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Ivan Jimmy‟s brother Wilfred made
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Indigenous Australians are renowned
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Colin Hughes followed up his though
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Ezra Michael: I never heard it. No.
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Marcus Barber: So every time you we
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Figure 20. Oriners Lagoon in flood
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Figure 23. Large Woody Debris (LWD)
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Figure 24. Jeff Shellberg talks wit
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Figure 27. Mitchell catchment in fl
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2.2.4 Permanent water and groundwat
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Marcus Barber: So do you know how d
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Marcus Barber: Does that happen at
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Marcus Barber: What animals do you
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people are using the lagoon. Becaus
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that old black headed python. You g
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Marcus Barber: I was trying to find
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Major introduced animals at Oriners
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Colin Hughes: Oh there‟s just a l
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There was never too many [wild hors
Page 99 and 100: Cecil Hughes: Yes, you never saw th
Page 101 and 102: And they had special fish traps her
Page 103 and 104: Philip Yam: 3 or 4 times. A few tim
Page 105 and 106: Conversations with Philip Yam about
Page 107 and 108: Marcus Barber: so you have to get f
Page 109 and 110: 2.5.4 Cattlemen: working connection
Page 111 and 112: Edwin David Most of the older build
Page 113 and 114: spirits being reborn in new generat
Page 115 and 116: Marcus Barber: Phillip‟s son Max?
Page 117 and 118: necessary at some of the times they
Page 119 and 120: Marcus Barber: If it was a really w
Page 121 and 122: hobble the horse and camp out there
Page 123 and 124: Marcus Barber: So you were moving a
Page 125 and 126: Marcus Barber: Was the grass still
Page 127 and 128: Philip Yam: Drumduff. We got blamed
Page 129 and 130: purpose of fires needs to be very c
Page 131 and 132: Marcus Barber: But it‟s been ther
Page 133 and 134: Figure 38. Oriners station from the
Page 135 and 136: and it traverses some areas prone t
Page 137 and 138: 2.7.1 Applying „Working Knowledge
Page 139 and 140: ochen (uy -) ojen (uy -) mujun (uy
Page 141 and 142: Oykangand Olkol Og Water ok Water o
Page 143 and 144: Other signs mark a broader seasonal
Page 145 and 146: The two comments from the Jimmy bro
Page 147 and 148: Average Monthly Rainfall (mm)_ 450
Page 149: demonstrated that cyclone landing f
Page 153 and 154: 3.2.4 Soils The soils of the “for
Page 155 and 156: Figure 49. Soils of Oriners and Sef
Page 157 and 158: Figure 52. RAAF oblique photograph
Page 159 and 160: Annaly (A) Land System Lowlands on
Page 161 and 162: 3.2.6 Soil erosion Soil erosion can
Page 163 and 164: Figure 56. Land use map of the Mitc
Page 165 and 166: larger valleys of Hoodoo and Sellar
Page 167 and 168: solutes from subsurface sedimentary
Page 169 and 170: 3.2.10.2 Eight Mile valley near Ori
Page 171 and 172: Elevation (m) 180 160 140 120 100 8
Page 173 and 174: Figure 64. 1955 Aerial Photograph o
Page 175 and 176: pools like these are typically carv
Page 177 and 178: Figure 67. 1955 Aerial Photograph O
Page 179 and 180: Working Knowledge at Oriners Statio
Page 181 and 182: have also been defined as valley-bo
Page 187 and 188: Eucalyptus leptophleba (Mollow Red
Page 189 and 190: to manage vegetation and game, or f
Page 191 and 192: Figure 77. 1955 aerial photograph o
Page 193 and 194: Overall pig populations are poorly
Page 195 and 196: area can be obtained from the Queen
Page 197 and 198: degradation. Genuine restoration op
Page 199 and 200: Section 4.1 contains models of inte
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Figure 80. Model of Oriners landsca
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4.1.3 Late dry season Two key diffe
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eshape the elements in the same way
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Evidence from Section 2.6.4 and 3.2
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Working Knowledge at Oriners Statio
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Figure 92. Oblique air photos of Ho
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The primary contexts for learning k
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Despite data limitation, there is e
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Marcus Barber: If you were to think
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Regional scale Neighbouring Statio
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Cotter, G. (1995). A study of the p
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Kowanyama Aboriginal Council (2003)
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Smart, J., K. G. Grimes, et al. (19
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7 GLOSSARY 38 Alkaline- having the
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Fluvial Megafan- a large (10 3 -10
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Potential Energy- the stored energy
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8 APPENDICES 8.1 Informed Consent F
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8.3 Wildlife Animal Species List fo
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Birds Coraciidae Eurystomus orienta
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Reptiles Crocodylidae Crocodylus jo
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Dicots Fabaceae Crotalaria montana
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Dicots Myrtaceae Neofabricia serici
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Monocots Poaceae Eriachne sp. C Mon
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Working Knowledge at Oriners Statio
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